NS 1600 (steam locomotive)

The NS 1600 was a series of steam engines of the Dutch national railways, Nederlandse Spoorwegen (NS), and its predecessors Maatschappij tot Exploitatie van Staatsspoorwegen (SS), Hollandsche IJzeren Spoorweg-Maatschappij (HSM) and Nederlandsche Rhijnspoorweg-Maatschappij (NRS).

NS 1600
NRS 107 in het Nederlands Spoorwegmuseum in Utrecht
Type and origin
Power typeSteam
BuilderSharp Stewart and Company, North British Locomotive Company
Serial numberSharp, Roberts and Company: 350-3563, 3557-3559, 3565, 3740-3759, 3814-3833, 4620-4624; North British Locomotive Company: 15898-15902.
ModelNRS 101-109
Build date1889-1903
Total produced59
Specifications
Configuration:
 • Whyte4-4-0
 • AAR2-B
 • UIC2'B
Gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8+12 in)
Trucksleading
Bogiesleading
Leading dia.1,105 mm
Driver dia.2,016 mm
Coupled dia.2,016 mm
Tender wheels1,105 mm
Length:
 • Over beamsNRS 101 - 109: 16,585 mm, others: 16,746 mm
Width2,222 mm
Height4,267 mm
Loco weight101-109: 48.0 tonnes, others: 50 tonnes
Tender weight32.5 tonnes
Fuel typeCoal
Fuel capacity3000 kg
Water cap.12700 l
Boiler pressure10.3 kg cm -2
Feedwater heaterKnorr
Heating surface:
 • Firebox101-109: 10 m 2, others: 9.5 m 2
 • Total surface101-109: 103 m 2, others 93.5 m 2
Cylinders2, inside
Cylinder size457 mm x 660 mm
Valve typeStephenson
Train heatingYes, originally only rear working, from 1932 also front working
Performance figures
Maximum speed90 km/h, with superheater: 100 km/h
Career
OperatorsNRS, HSM, SS, NCS, NS
NumbersNRS: 101-109,
SS: 1101-1103, 1108-1109,
HSM: 350-408,
NS: 1601-1659
NicknamesRhijnbogen
LocaleThe Netherlands
Delivered1889-1903
First runNRS 101-109: 1889, HSM 350-357: 1891, HSM 358-389: 1892, HSM 390-408: 1900, NS 1655-1659: 1903
PreservedNRS 107
Current ownerNederlands Spoorwegmuseum

Two locomotives of this series were involved in the train disaster at Twello (The Netherlands) in 1900.

NRS 101-109 (HSM 350-358, NS 1601-1609)

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The Nederlandsche Rhijnspoorweg-Maatschappij (NRS) ordered nine locomotives numbered 101–109 at Sharp Stewart and Company located in Glasgow in 1899. The axle configuration of these locomotives was 2'B. These were the first locomotives in The Netherlands with a bogie in front of the driving wheels. Originally these locomotives were equipped with a speedometer of the system Kapteyn, which was driven by one of the axles of the bogie. A sanding system of Gresham & Craven was fitted as well.

A year after the order of these locomotives, the NRS was disbanded and these were its last locomotives ordered. The equipment of the disbanded railroad was split over Hollandsche IJzeren Spoorweg-Maatschappij (HSM) and Maatschappij tot Exploitatie van Staatsspoorwegen (SS); each railroad receiving the same number of locomotives randomly being assigned. Locomotives 101, 102, 103, 108 and 109 transferred to the SS and were renumbered in SS numbers 1101-1103 and 1108–1109. Locomotives 104-107 transferred to HSM and were renumbered HSM 350–353. As the locomotives were too long for the small SS turntables, the SS transferred them in 1891 to the HSM, where they were renumbered 354–358. They were nicknamed "Rhijnbogen" at the HSM in honour of their NRS heritage and their bogies.

At the merger of the equipment of HSM and SS in 1921, the locomotives were numbered in the NS 1601–1609. The locomotives were taken out of service between 1935 and 1938, with the exception of 1604. This locomotive continued in service until 1940. Locomotive 1604 was chosen for inclusion in the collection of the Dutch Railway Museum (Nederlands Spoorwegmuseum). To this purpose it was stored in the locomotive facility in Maastricht. On 8 September 1944 the locomotive was severely damaged due to war activities. After the complete liberation of The Netherlands, the NS main service center in Tilburg fully restored the locomotive. The locomotive was restored to the brown outfit of the NRS, with its original number 107. The locomotive has been on display in the Spoorwegmuseum since March 1955. After the completion of modernization of the Spoorwegmuseum, completed in 2005, the locomotive can be viewed from the bottom as well.

HSM 359-408 (NS 1610-1659)

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The HSM was impressed by the service of the locomotive, and ordered an additional 40 locomotives at Sharp Steward and Company. These additional locomotives had a wider smokebox, a chimney with a crown and rising support plates next to the smokebox. The additional units entered service between 1891 and 1892, with numbers 359–398. In 1900 another 5 locomotives were ordered at Sharp Stewart and Company and delivered with numbers 399–403.

In 1903 another 5 units were added to the order. These locomotives were built by the North British Locomotive Company, into which Sharp Stewart and Company was included. They were numbered 404–408. In 1921 the locomotives were renumbered in NS 1610–1659. These last units had a higher steam pressure and a larger tractive force of 5030 kg. The steam dome was located further to the rear on the boiler.

Later in their career nine locomotives (350-358) received tenders from HSM 600 series locomotives (601-605 and 609–612) when these units entered service in 1895 and 1896. These new tenders had larger water and coal capacity and were more suitable for fast-train service. Numbers 1614, 1633, 1636, 1636 and 1646 did get a superheater installed in 1921. Due to poor results, the planned application to the other units was cancelled. The locomotives were withdrawn from service starting from 1936 to 1949. Unit 1614, withdrawn from service in 1938, was used a stationary boiler in Zwolle. In 1940, the locomotive re-entered service, with its superheater elements being shorted. Locomotive 1622 was the last of the series to be withdrawn from service in 1949. Units 1614, 1621 and 1640 got a Weir feeder pump installed.

Rental

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In 1899 the Nederlandsche Centraal-Spoorweg-Maatschappij (NCS) rented locomotive 105 from the NRS for a few months. As the turntable in Zwolle was too short for the locomotive, the locomotive and tender were disconnected, turned separately and reconnected. The NCS rented 390, 395 and 405 of the HSM for a few months in 1917.

Overview

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Manufacturer Builder Number Build in NRS number SS number HSM number NS number Withdrawn Details
Sharp Stewart and Company 3557 1889 101 1101 354 1605 1936
Sharp Stewart and Company 3558 1889 102 1102 355 1606 1935
Sharp Stewart and Company 3559 1889 103 1103 356 1607 1935
Sharp Stewart and Company 3560 1889 104 350 1601 1935
Sharp Stewart and Company 3561 1889 105 351 1602 1935
Sharp Stewart and Company 3562 1889 106 352 1603 1937
Sharp Stewart and Company 3563 1889 107 353 1604 1940 Restored to NRS 107 state, and included in collection of Nederlands Spoorwegmuseum.
Sharp Stewart and Company 3564 1889 108 1108 357 1608 1938
Sharp Stewart and Company 3565 1889 109 1109 358 1609 1938
Manufacturer Builder Number Build In NRS numbers SS numbers HSM numbers NS numbers Withdrawn Details
Sharp Stewart and Company 3740-3747 1891 359-366 1610-1617 1938-1948 NS 1614 lost in WW2.
Sharp Stewart and Company 3748-3759 1892 367-378 1618-1629 1936-1949
Sharp Stewart and Company 3814-3833 1892 379-398 1630-1649 1936-1948
Sharp Stewart and Company 4620-4624 1900 399-403 1650-1654 1938-1947
North British Locomotive Company 15898-15902 1903 404-408 1655-1659 1937-1948

References

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  • R.C. Statius Muller, A.J. Veenendaal jr., H. Waldorp: De Nederlandse stoomlocomotieven. Uitg. De Alk, Alkmaar, 2005. ISBN 90 6013 262 9.
  • J. van der Meer: De Hollandsche IJzeren Spoorweg-Maatschappij. Uitg. Uquilair, 2009, ISBN 978 90 71513 68 8.
  • J.J. Karskens: De Locomotieven van de Hollandsche IJzeren Spoorweg Maatschappij. Uitg. J.H. Gottmer, Haarlem - Antwerpen, 1947.
  • M.A. Asselberghs: Nederlands Spoorwegmuseum. Een wandeling langs de verzameling. Uitg. Nederlands Spoorwegmuseum, Utrecht, 1987.