Mrkan

Mrkan
	Island of Mrkan
Etymology	Mark the Evangelist
Geography
Coordinates	42°34′30″N 18°11′40″E / 42.57500°N 18.19444°E
Area	0.4 km2 (0.15 sq mi)
Highest elevation	65 m (213 ft)
Administration
	Croatia
County	Dubrovnik-Neretva
Municipality	Cavtat
Demographics
Population	0 (2011)

Mrkan is a Croatian island in the Adriatic Sea, located off the Dalmatian coast, near Cavtat. The island is uninhabited.

Geography

Its northeast coast is overgrown with dark green bushes, and the southwest coast has steep and high gorges. Mrkan is protected as a special ornithological reserve, a nesting place for the Klaukovac gull [hr].^[1]

History

A memorial-type sanctuary was erected on Mrkan in the time of early Christianity. On its ruins, the pre-Romanesque church of St. Michael was built with a dome typical of southern Dalmatia, also in ruins now. Next to the ruins of the church are the remains of a Benedictine monastery. It is believed that it was the regional monastery of St. Mary of Lokrum. The monastery was first mentioned in written sources in 1218, and the last abbot was Mato Grubiša Ranjina. It is known that the last monk's name was Petar. He moved to Lokrum in 1296.^[1]

Bishop of Trebinje Salvije also stayed on Mrkan for some time. He was expelled from Trebinje in 1253 by King Stefan Uroš I of Serbia, and the Republic of Ragusa gave the bishop the Mrkan monastery with a church and the neighboring islet of Bobar. Thus the Diocese of Trebinje changed its name to Trebinje-Mrkan.^[1]

It is not known how long the bishop sat on Mrkan, but it is known that in part of the ruins of the Benedictine monastery there was a bishop's summer house, which is now also a ruin. It is assumed that there were as many as three early Romanesque churches on Mrkan – St. Michael's, St. Mary's, and St. Mark's after whom the island got its name.^[2]

From 1377, Mrkan was used as a quarantine island for ships arriving in Dubrovnik from areas where the plague was present.^[3]

Notes

^ ^a ^b ^c Regan & Nadilo 2006, p. 146.
^ Regan & Nadilo 2006, p. 147.
^ "Social Distancing and Quarantine Were Used in Medieval Times to Fight the Black Death".

References

Journals

Regan, Krešimir; Nadilo, Branko (2006). "Crkveno graditeljstvo" [Church construction]. Građevinar (in Croatian). 58 (2): 143–153.

[FOOTNOTEReganNadilo2006146-1] Regan & Nadilo 2006, p. 146.

[FOOTNOTEReganNadilo2006147-2] Regan & Nadilo 2006, p. 147.

[3] "Social Distancing and Quarantine Were Used in Medieval Times to Fight the Black Death".

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