Moses Baritz (1883 – 29 March 1938) was a British music journalist and socialist activist.
Early life edit
Baritz was born in Manchester to a Jewish family, originally from Odessa. He initially worked in the city's sweatshops, and there became interested in socialism; he was a founding member of the Socialist Party of Great Britain (SPGB).[1] He also developed a great interest in music, particularly the opera of Wagner, and began public lectures on this subject.
Socialism edit
Baritz remained loyal to the SPGB, at times as its only member in Manchester, and he became known for heckling at meetings of rival socialist groups. In particular, on one occasion when he was banned from entering a meeting of the Social Democratic Federation, he climbed on the roof and blew a clarinet down the ventilator shaft, ensuring that the meeting could not continue until he was eventually permitted to take a seat inside.[2][3][page needed]
Baritz visited Toronto in 1911, and there gave speeches on the position of the SPGB. This encouraged a group of supporters to form the Socialist Party of North America, splitting away from the Socialist Party of Canada.[4] He opposed British involvement in World War I, and in order to avoid conscription, he and fellow SPGB member Adolf Kohn moved to Detroit in 1915. Again, he gave speeches on socialism, attracting considerable crowds of members of the Socialist Party of America. A study group of supporters was formed, and the following year they founded the Socialist Party of the United States.[5] By this point, Baritz had moved to New York, where he was interned for speaking against the war.[1] Once released, he travelled to Australia and New Zealand,[6] from which he was deported after only a brief stay. He spent several months at sea and was refused entry to numerous countries before finally returning to Manchester.[2]
Music journalist edit
Back in the UK, Baritz managed to find work as a music critic for the Manchester Guardian and began broadcasting on the Manchester radio station 2ZY. In June 1924, he presented a programme mixing speech and music, which has led some works to describe him as Britain's first radio disc jockey.[7] He also worked for the Columbia Gramophone Company, lecturing on its behalf and acting as a musical adviser. Despite requests from the company that he relocate to London, he refused to leave Manchester, claiming that he could not do his job without access to the Henry Watson Music Library.[8]
Baritz's health began to fail in the mid-1930s,[5] and he died on 29 March 1938.[9]
References edit
- ^ a b Kadish, Sharman (1992). Bolsheviks and British Jews: The Anglo-Jewish Community, Britain and the Russian Revolution. Routledge. pp. 233–234. ISBN 978-0-7146-3371-8.
- ^ a b W. Waters, "Moses Baritz", Socialist Standard, September 1954
- ^ Challinor, Raymond (1977). The Origins of British Bolshevism. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 0-85664-448-X.
- ^ Angus, Ian (2004) [1981]. Canadian Bolsheviks: The Early Years of the Communist Party of Canada (Second ed.). Trafford Publishing. pp. 5–6. ISBN 978-1-4120-3808-9.
- ^ a b Peter E. Newell, "Marxian education in the United States", Socialist Standard, July 2004
- ^ Rab, Karla Doris (2010). Role-Modeling Socialist Behavior: The Life and Letters of Isaac Rab. Lulu.com. p. 461. ISBN 978-0-557-53852-2.
- ^ Harris, Melvin (1994). The ITN Book of Firsts. Michael O'Mara Books Ltd. p. 181. ISBN 978-1-85479-199-3.
- ^ "Obituary: Mr Moses Baritz", Manchester Guardian, 31 March 1938
- ^ "Re: Moses Baritz, Deceased", Manchester Guardian, 23 May 1938