List of offshore wind farms in the United Kingdom
This is a list of offshore wind farms within the national maritime boundaries of the United Kingdom.
In October 2023 the nameplate capacity of offshore wind farms in operation was approximately 14 GW, with a further 5 GW under construction. Contracts for difference for a further 9 GW have been awarded by the UK Government.
If all the proposed wind farms are developed, then in the 2030s the United Kingdom would have a nameplate capacity of 77GW.
Operational offshore wind farms
editIn October 2023, there were offshore wind farms consisting of 2,695 turbines with a combined capacity of 14,703 megawatts. Strike price based on £/MWh at 2012 prices.
Map of the UK offshore wind farms
editWind farms under construction
editOffshore wind farms currently under construction (offshore), with a combined capacity in October 2023 of 5,202 MW. Strike price based on £/MWh at 2012 prices.
Name | Country | Location | Cap. (MW) |
No. | Model | Project commissioning | Strike Price | Depth range (m) |
km to shore |
Owner | Refs. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Neart Na Gaoithe | Scotland | 56°16′4″N 2°19′15″W / 56.26778°N 2.32083°W | 450 | 54 | Siemens 8MW SG 8.0-167 DD | 2024 | 114.39 | 20 | EDF R / ESB | [52][13] | |
Sofia Offshore Wind Farm | England | 55°00′N 1°56′E / 55.0°N 1.93°E | 1400 | 100 | Siemens 14MW SG 14-222 DD | 2026 | 39.65 | 195 | RWE | [53][54][55][56][57] | |
Dogger Bank A | England | 54°46′12″N 1°55′01″E / 54.77°N 1.917°E | 1235 | 95 | GE-Haliade X 13MW | 2025 | 39.65 | 131 | SSE Renewables, Equinor | [53][58][59][60][61][62] | |
Dogger Bank B | England | 1235 | 95 | GE-Haliade X 13MW | 2025 | 41.61 | SSE Renewables, Equinor | [53][59][60][61] | |||
Moray West | Scotland | 58°06′N 3°06′W / 58.1°N 3.1°W | 882 | 60 | Siemens SG 14-222 DD | 2025 | 37.35
(294MW contracted under CFD) |
Ocean Wind | [63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71] |
Pre-construction wind farms
editWind farms that have started onshore construction and have been awarded contracts under the UK Government's Contracts for Difference Round 3 (2019)/Round 4 (2022). Total capacity of 6,522 MW. Strike price based on £/MWh at 2012 prices.
Name | Country | Location | Cap. (MW) |
No | Model | Project commissioning |
Strike price | Depth range (m) |
km to shore |
Owner | Refs. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Doggerbank C | England | 1218 | 87 | GE-Haliade X 14MW | 2Q2025 | 41.61 | SSE Renewables, Equinor | [53][72][60][61] | |||
East Anglia Three | England | 1372 | 95 | Siemens Gamesa SG 14-236 DD | 2026 | 37.35 | Iberdrola | [73][74][75][76] | |||
Hornsea Three | England | 2852 | 231 | Siemens Gamesa SG 14-236 DD | 2027 | 37.35 | 160 | Ørsted | [77][78][79][80] | ||
Inch Cape | Scotland | 15 kilometres off the Angus coast, East Scotland | 1080 | Vestas V236-15 | 37.35 | Inch Cape Offshore | [81] |
Proposed wind farms - Contracts for Difference Round 3
editThis wind farm was proposed under the UK Government's Contracts for Difference Round 3 (2019),[53] with a capacity of 12 MW. Strike price based on £/MWh at 2012 prices.
Name | Country | Location | Cap. (MW) |
No | Model | Project commissioning |
Strike price | Depth range (m) |
km to shore |
Owner | Refs. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Forthwind | Scotland | 12 | 2023/24 | 39.650 | Forthwind Limited | [53] |
Proposed wind farms - Contracts for Difference Round 4
editWind farms proposed under the Round 4 (2022) CFD auction,[82] with a combined capacity of 1,428 MW . Strike price based on £/MWh at 2012 prices.
Name | Country | Location | Cap. (MW) |
No | Model | Project commissioning |
Strike price | Depth range (m) |
km to shore |
Owner | Notes | Refs. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TwinHub Floating Offshore Wind Project | England | 32 | 87.30 | Wave Hub Limited | ||||||||
Norfolk Boreas, Phase 1 | England | 53°00′00″N 2°56′00″E / 53.00000°N 2.93333°E | 1380 | Vestas | 2027 | 37.35 | 72 | RWE | Ownership changed Dec 2023 | [83][84][85][86][87] |
Proposed wind farms - early planning
editWind farms that are in an exploratory phase and have not yet secured a Contract for Difference at auction.
Total capacities: England: 18,423 MW - Wales: 700 MW - Scotland: 30,326 MW
Name | Country | Location | Cap. (MW) |
No | Model/
capacity |
Technology | Project commissioning |
Option Price | Depth range (m) |
km to shore |
Owner | Notes | Refs. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
East Anglia One North | England | 800 | Fixed | 2026 | 69 | Iberdrola | [73] | ||||||
East Anglia Two | England | 900 | Fixed | 2026 | Iberdrola | [73] | |||||||
Rampion 2 Extension | England | 50°40′00″N 0°16′00″W / 50.66667°N 0.26667°W | 1200 | 90 | Fixed | 2030 | E.ON | Pre-examination stage with planning inspectorate - Oct 2023[88] | [89] | ||||
Norfolk Vanguard East | England | 1380 | Vestas | Fixed | Before 2030 | RWE | Construction of HVDC platforms started - 04/24 | [90][86][87][91] | |||||
Norfolk Vanguard West | England | 1380 | 92 | Vestas V236-15 | Fixed | Before 2030 | RWE | Construction of HVDC platforms started - 04/24 | [86][87][91] | ||||
Dogger Bank South | England | 3000 | Fixed | £248m | RWE | Signed lease with Crown Estate - Jan 2023 | [92][93][94] | ||||||
Awel y Môr | Wales | Adjacent to Gwynt y Môr wind farm | estimated 500 | up to 50 | Fixed | RWE | [95] | ||||||
Five Estuaries | England | Adjacent to Galloper Wind Farm | 353 | TBD | Fixed | RWE | [96] | ||||||
North Falls | England | Adjacent to Greater Gabbard wind farm | 504 | up to 72 | Fixed | SSE Renewables, RWE | [97] | ||||||
Dogger Bank D | England | 1320 | Fixed | SSE Renewables, Equinor | Signed lease with Crown Estate - Jan 2023 | [98][93] | |||||||
Berwick Bank | Scotland | Outer Firth of Forth | 4100 | Fixed | 2030 | SSE Renewables | [99] | ||||||
Seagreen Phase 1A | England | 500 | Fixed | SSE Renewables, TotalEnergies | [100] | ||||||||
Outer Dowsing | England | Off the Lincolnshire Coast, East of the Humber Estuary | 1500 | Fixed | 2030 | £125m | 54 | Corio Generation, TotalEnergies | Aug 2022 - scoping report sent to the Planning Inspectorate.
Signed lease with Crown Estate - Jan 2023 |
[101][102][103][93][94] | |||
Hornsea Four | England | 2600 | 180 | Fixed | 2030 | 69 | Ørsted | Development Consent granted 12 July 2023 | [104][105][106] | ||||
Morecambe | England | Off the Lancashire Coast, West of Blackpool and South West of Morecambe Bay | 480 | 20 - 40 | Fixed | 2028 | £45m | 30 | Offshore Wind Limited | Signed lease with Crown Estate - Jan 2023 | [101][107][108][93][94] | ||
Mona | England | Off the Northern Welsh Coast, North East of Anglesey | 1500 | Fixed | £231m | 35 | 30 | EnBW, BP | Signed lease with Crown Estate - Jan 2023 | [101][109][93][94] | |||
Morgan | England | Off the coast of Barrow-In-Furness, West of Morecambe Bay | 1500 | Fixed | £231m | 35 | 30 | EnBW, BP | Signed lease with Crown Estate - Jan 2023 | [101][109][93][94] | |||
Morven | Scotland | "Map Reference 1" | 2907 | Fixed | £85.9m | 65-75 | 60 | BP Alternative Energy Investments | Nov 2022 - two floating LiDARs to be deployed | [110][109][111] | |||
Ossian | Scotland | "Map Reference 2" | 2610 | Up to 270 | Floating | £85.9m | SSE Renewables | Potential to grow to 3.6GW. Nov 2022 - completed a geophysical and benthic survey | [110][112][113] | ||||
Bellrock | Scotland | "Map Reference 3" | 1200 | Floating | £28m | Falck Renewables | Feb 2023 - FLS200 floating LiDAR buoy to be deployed. | [110][114][115] | |||||
CampionWind | Scotland | "Map Reference 4" Off the East coast of Scotland | 2000 | Floating | £86m | Averaging 77 | 100 | ScottishPower, Shell | [110][116] | ||||
Muir Mhòr | Scotland | "Map Reference 5" | 798 | Floating | £20m | 67 | Vattenfall | Jun '23 Geophysical and environmental surveys started | [110][117][118] | ||||
Bowdun | Scotland | "Map Reference 6" - E3 leasing zone off Bowdun Head | 1008 | 50 to 60 | 18-25MW each | Fixed | Construction to commence 2029 and commissioned in 2033 | £18.7m | 44 | Thistle Wind Partners | Mar '23 renamed, formerly Cluaran Deas Ear | [110][119][120] | |
Ayre | Scotland | "Map Reference 7" NE2 leasing zone, off East Mainland of Orkney | 1008 | Floating | Construction to commence 2029 and commissioned in 2033 | £20m | 33 | Thistle Wind Partners | Mar '23 renamed, formerly Cluaran Ear-Thuath | [110][111][120] | |||
Broadshore | Scotland | "Map Reference 8" | 900 | Floating | £25.6m | Falck Renewables | Feb 2023 - FLS200 floating LiDAR buoy to be deployed. | [110][121][115] | |||||
Caledonia | Scotland | "Map Reference 9" - adjacent to Moray East and Moray West OWFs. | 2000 | Fixed | 2030 | £42.9m | Ocean Winds (joint venture between ENGIE & EDP Renewables) | May 2023 - LiDAR devices to be deployed. Geophysical surveys partially complete. | [110][122] | ||||
Stromar | Scotland | "Map Reference 10" | 1000 | Floating | £13.4m | Falck Renewables | [110][123] | ||||||
MarramWind | Scotland | "Map Reference 11" - North East coast of Scotland | 3000 | Floating | £68.4m | Averaging 100 | 75 | ScottishPower, Shell | [110][124] | ||||
Buchan | Scotland | "Map Reference 12" | 960 | Floating | £33m | BayWa | A floating LiDAR Buoy has been deployed - Nov 2022 | [110][125][126][127] | |||||
West of Orkney | Scotland | "Map Reference 13" | 2000 | Fixed | £65.7m | Offshore Wind Power | Oct 2022 - completed offshore and nearshore surveys | [110][128] | |||||
Havbredey | Scotland | Northwest of Lewis | 1500 | Floating | 2036 | £3.9m | 35 | Northland Power | [110][129][130] | ||||
"N3 Project" | Scotland | "Map Reference 15" | 495 | 15 | Mixed | 2030 | £10.3m | 106-125 | Magnora | [110][131] | |||
Spiorad na Mara | Scotland | "Map Reference 16" - West coast of Lewis | 840 | Fixed | 2031 | £16.1m | 5 | Northland Power | This project will be prioritized over the Havbredey project. | [110][129][130] | |||
MachairWind | Scotland | "Map Reference 17" | 2000 | Fixed | £75.4m | Scottish Power | [110][132] | ||||||
Sheringham Shoal and Dudgeon Extensions | England | Adjacent to existing Sheringham, Shoal and Dudgeon Wind Farms | 719 | up to 56 | Fixed | Equinor | April 2024 - Project has Secured Development Consent | [133][134] | |||||
Pentland | Scotland | Off the coast of Dounreay, Caithness | 7 | Floating | 2026 | Highland Wind Limited | Offshore consent approved by Highland Council - Oct 2022 | [135][136][137] | |||||
Llŷr 1 | Wales | Off the coast of Pembrokeshire | 100 | Floating | 2027 | 60-70 | 40 | Floventis Energy | Benthic and geophysical surveys completed | [138] | |||
Llŷr 2 | Wales | Off the coast of Pembrokeshire | 100 | Floating | 2027 | 60-70 | 40 | Floventis Energy | Benthic and geophysical surveys completed | [138] | |||
Whitecross | England | Off the Devon/Cornwall coast | 100 | up to 8 | Floating | 2027 | 50 | Offshore Wind Ltd | [139][140] |
Decommissioned offshore wind farms
editIn October 2022, there was one offshore wind farm that had been decommissioned, consisting of 2 turbines with a combined capacity of 4MW.
Name | Country | Location | Cap. (MW) |
No. | Model | Project decommissioning |
Strike Price | Build cost |
Cap. fac. |
Depth range (m) |
km to shore |
Owner | Refs. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Blyth Offshore | England | 55°08′09″N 01°29′25″W / 55.13583°N 1.49028°W | 4 | 2 | Vestas V66-2MW | 2019 March | £4m | 6–11 | 1.6 | E.ON | [141] |
See also
editNotes
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- ^ Barrow Offshore Wind Farm (UK) 4C . Retrieved: 9 February 2015.
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- ^ CFD Register. "CFD Register".
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- ^ Burbo Bank Offshore Wind Farm (United Kingdom) 4C . Retrieved: 7 November 2010.
- ^ Dudgeon Wind Farm project page
- ^ Dudgeon 4C .
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- ^ Hornsea Three
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- ^ Memija, Adnan (2022-12-06). "Floating LiDAR Deployed at 1 GW Scottish Project Site". Offshore Wind. Retrieved 2022-12-07.
- ^ Memija, Adnan (2023-05-16). "Survey Activities Ramping Up on Caledonia Offshore Wind Farm Site". Offshore Wind. Retrieved 2023-05-16.
- ^ Memija, Adnan (2022-10-31). "Offshore and Nearshore Survey Work Complete for 2 GW Scottish Wind Project". Offshore Wind. Retrieved 2022-11-01.
- ^ a b "Scotwind - Scottish Offshore Wind". www.northlandpower.com. 2022-05-12. Retrieved 2022-11-01.
- ^ a b Memija, Adnan (2023-03-23). "Northland Power Names Wind Projects Offshore Scotland". Offshore Wind. Retrieved 2023-03-23.
- ^ "Scotwind – Magnora Offshore Wind". Retrieved 2022-11-01.
- ^ "MachairWind". ScottishPower Renewables. Retrieved 2022-11-01.
- ^ "Sheringham Shoal Offshore Wind Farm Extension | Public Consultation Documents". sheringhamshoal.co.uk. Retrieved 2022-10-19.
- ^ Durakovic, Adnan (2024-04-18). "Equinor Secures Development Consent for UK Offshore Wind Extension Projects". Offshore Wind. Retrieved 2024-04-18.
- ^ "Pentland Floating Offshore Windfarm". pentlandfloatingwind.com. Retrieved 2022-11-03.
- ^ "Pentland Floating Offshore Windfarm". pentlandfloatingwind.com. Retrieved 2022-11-03.
- ^ Memija, Adnan (2022-12-07). "Scots Approve Pentland Offshore Planning Application". Offshore Wind. Retrieved 2022-12-07.
- ^ a b Memija, Adnan (2023-03-01). "Surveys Completed for Celtic Sea Floating Offshore Wind Projects". Offshore Wind. Retrieved 2023-03-02.
- ^ Buljan, Adrijana (2021-07-27). "Three Projects Selected in UK Floating Wind Leasing Round". Offshore Wind. Retrieved 2023-03-02.
- ^ "White Cross Offshore Wind - The future of renewable energy". White Cross Offshore Wind. Retrieved 2023-03-02.
- ^ "Blyth Offshore Wind Farm Decommissioning". Natural Power. Retrieved 2022-11-07.
External links
edit- 4C Offshore's Global Offshore Wind Farm Map and Database
- List of United Kingdom Wind Farms, thewindpower.net
Wind farms
edit- ^ Barrow Offshore Wind Farm
- ^ "Beatrice". Archived from the original on 2016-06-29. Retrieved 2015-02-12.
- ^ Burbo Bank
- ^ "EOWDC website". Archived from the original on 2018-06-12. Retrieved 2018-09-09.
- ^ "SSE wind farm Project Website". Archived from the original on 2015-01-12. Retrieved 2015-02-12.
- ^ Gunfleet Sands
- ^ Gunfleet Sands demonstration project Archived 2015-02-03 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Gwynt y Môr
- ^ Humber Gateway
- ^ Kentish Flats
- ^ Lincs Archived 2015-02-13 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ London Array
- ^ Lynn and Inner Dowsing Archived 2015-02-12 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Energy Park Fife (Methil)
- ^ North Hoyle
- ^ Ormonde, Irish Sea
- ^ Rhyl Flats
- ^ Robin Rigg
- ^ Scroby Sands
- ^ Statkraft – Sheringham Shoal
- ^ Thanet
- ^ Walney Offshore Windfarm
- ^ Westermost Rough Archived 2015-02-27 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ West of Duddon Sands