Miodytes is a fossil genus of grebe known from a nearly complete specimen from Valjevo Basin, western Serbia known from an almost complete right wing skeleton. It contains a single species, M. serbicus.
| Miodytes Temporal range: Early Miocene
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| Life restoration of Miodytes | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Podicipediformes |
| Family: | Podicipedidae |
| Genus: | †Miodytes Dimitreijevich, Gál & Kessler, 2002 |
| Type species | |
| †Miodytes serbicus Dimitreijevich, Gál & Kessler, 2002
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History edit
The specimen was collected from Bela Stena, Suseoke village. The binomial nomenclature for Miodytes serbicus means "Serbian Miocene diver".[1]
Description edit
The holotype specimen of Miodytes is a slab that contains the right wing skeleton of the bird, nearly completed, consisting of the distal fragment of humerus, ulna, radius, carpometacarpus and parts of the wingtips (RGF 97/3). Due to the nature of the bones in the slab, the authors Dimitreijevich et al. (2002) used the humerus part and the carpometacarpus to provide comparative anatomy and a diagnosis. Miodytes can be differentiated from other grebes as the genus has a well developed epicondylus ventralis and a very deep and long sulcus musculi brachialis. The processus supracondylaris dorsalis is absent from the humerus. There are elements that are similar to grebes, petrels, and shorebirds from the specimen in which the authors proclaimed of the three groups, Miodytes is most similar to grebes.[1]
Classification edit
While Dimitreijevich et al. (2002) classifies Miodytes as a grebe, Ksepka et al. (2013) do not agree with the assessment. They are argued the diagnostic features that separate Miodytes from other grebes are more align with other seabirds. They stated there is no unambiguous synapomorphies that can confidently identify Miodytes as a grebe. Ksepka et al. (2013) argued at best Miodytes is a member of Mirandornithes, as it does have a strongly elongate phalanx II-1 which lacks an internal indicus process. More specimens are needed to established the taxonomic placement of this bird.[2]
Paleobiology edit
Miodytes is from the Early Miocene from the "Bela Stena series" from Valjevo Basin. The site is the oldest recorded lake formation with records of plant and insect remains, fish bones, and feathers. Fragmentary bird fossils have been retrieved but most cannot be identified at the species level. Inferring from the ecology of modern grebes and how the specimen was preserved, Dimitreijevich et al. (2002) suggested Miodytes was a migratory species and the individual died from an accident, not predation.[1]
References edit
- ^ a b c Dimitreijevich, V.; Gál, E.; Kessler, E. (2002). "A new genus and new species of grebe (Podicipediformes, Aves) from the Early Miocene lake deposits of Valjevo Basin (Serbia)". Fragmenta Palaeontologica Hungarica. 20: 3–7.
- ^ Ksepka, D. T.; Balanoff, A. M.; Bell, M. A.; Houseman, M. D. (2013). "Fossil grebes from the Truckee Formation (Miocene) of Nevada and a new phylogenetic analysis of Podicipediformes (Aves)". Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology. 56 (5): 1149–1169. doi:10.1111/pala.12040. S2CID 83938510.