Mykhalchenko is a Ukrainian patronymic surname that derives from the first name Myhailo (Ukrainian equivalent of Michael). Its Russian-language spelling is Mikhalchenko.
The surname may refer to:
- Larisa Mikhalchenko, Ukrainian discus thrower
- Iryna Mykhalchenko, Ukrainian high jumper
- Alla Mikhalchenko (born 1957), Soviet ballerina, Bolshoi Theatre