Miedzianka [mjɛˈd͡ʑaŋka] is a village (former town) in the administrative district of Gmina Janowice Wielkie, within Jelenia Góra County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland.[2]
Miedzianka | |
|---|---|
Village | |
 Church of Saint John the Baptist | |
_COA.jpg) Coat of arms | |
  Miedzianka Location of Miedzianka, Lower Silesian Voivodeship  Miedzianka Miedzianka (Poland) | |
| Coordinates: 50°52′40″N 15°56′40″E / 50.87778°N 15.94444°E | |
| Country |  Poland |
| Voivodeship |  Lower Silesian |
| County | Jelenia Góra |
| Gmina | Janowice Wielkie |
| Elevation | 500 m (1,600 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 80[1] |
It lies approximately 16 km (10 mi) east of Jelenia Góra, and 82 km (51 mi) west of the regional capital Wrocław.
History edit
The settlement's history begins in the 14th century, then known as Kupferberg,[3] was split from Waltersdorf (Mniszków).[1] It grew as a copper mining town, and received city rights in 1519.[1] For a time, it was home to about 160 mining excavations and several metallurgical facilities, but this boom came to a halt by the end of the 16th century, as techniques proved insufficient for further exploitation.[1] Around the 17th century the mining sector in Kupferberg began to grow again, under the patronage of a new owner, the count von Promnitz of Pszczyna.[1] The city suffered several fires, in 1637, 1643, 1728 and 1824.[3] In the early 18th century Kupferberg housed a regional mining office.[1] In addition to mining, the town also had a renowned brewery, and from the mid-19th century, it became a popular tourist destination, known as the second most highly located town in the Sudeten Mountains.[1]
After falling within the re-drawn borders of Poland, the village was renamed Miedzianka. It became a site of a secret Red Army mining operation, as Soviet experts expected to develop a uranium mine there.[1] From 1949 to the 1950s about 600 tons of uranium were sent from Miedzianka to the USSR.[4] Extensive and wanton mining caused much damage to the town, and when the uranium deposits proved to be insufficient for continued exploitation, the local economy collapsed amid the government's attempts to hide the uranium excavation.[3][1] The mine was publicly labelled as a "paper factory"; Polish and Soviet troops and secret police guarded the mine, and the miners who could not keep the secret were executed.[4][5]
In the late 1960s, a planned destruction of Miedzianka began, with demolitions of selected buildings, and a ban on repairs of remaining ones.[3][4] Around 1972, most inhabitants were resettled to the town of Jelenia Góra.[1]
References edit
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Miejscowości". Janowicewielkie.eu. Retrieved 2012-07-25.
- ^ "Central Statistical Office (GUS) – TERYT (National Register of Territorial Land Apportionment Journal)" (in Polish). 2008-06-01.
- ^ a b c d "Dlaczego Miedzianka musiała zniknąć? | Nie ma miasteczka". Polityka.pl. Retrieved 2012-07-25.
- ^ a b c "Miasto-widmo w Sudetach - Reportaże - Przewodnik w Onet.pl". Przewodnik.onet.pl. Retrieved 2012-07-25.
- ^ "Miedzianka - zemsta Stalina za uran (Słuchowisko) - Radio RAM". Radioram.pl. 2008-05-30. Retrieved 2012-07-25.
Further reading edit
- Springer, Filip (2011). Miedzianka. Historia znikania.