In chemistry, a lyonium ion is the cation derived by the protonation of a solvent molecule.[1] For example, a hydronium ion is formed by the protonation of water, and CH3OH+2 is the cation formed by the protonation of methanol.

Its counterpart is a lyate ion, the anion formed by the deprotonation of a solvent molecule.

Lyonium and lyate ions, resulting from molecular autoionization, contribute to the molar conductivity of protolytic solvents.

Examples

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Lyate ion Original solvent Lyonium ion
name formula name formula name formula
Fluoride F Hydrogen fluoride HF Fluoronium H2F+
Hydroxide OH Water H2O Hydronium H3O+
Azanide NH2 Ammonia NH3 Ammonium NH+4
Methanide CH3 Methane CH4 Methanium CH+5
Methoxide CH3O Methanol CH3OH Methyloxonium CH3OH+2

See also

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References

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