The Lower Lake or Chhota Talaab or Shahpura Lake is a lake in Bhopal, the capital of Madhya Pradesh state of India. Along with the Bhojtal or Upper Lake, it forms the Bhoj Wetland.

Lower Lake
Children kayaking on the Lower Lake
Children kayaking on the Lower Lake
Location of Bhopal's Lower Lake
Location of Bhopal's Lower Lake
Lower Lake
Location of Bhopal's Lower Lake
Location of Bhopal's Lower Lake
Location of Bhopal's Lower Lake
Lower Lake
Lower Lake (India)
LocationBhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
Coordinates23°16′0″N 77°25′0″E / 23.26667°N 77.41667°E / 23.26667; 77.41667
Primary inflowsSeepage from Upper Lake and drainage from 28 sewage-filled nullahs
Primary outflowsHalali River via Patra Drain
Catchment area9.6 km2 (3.7 sq mi)
Built1794
Surface area1.29 km2 (0.50 sq mi) (2011)
Average depth6.2 m (20 ft)
Max. depth10.7 m (35 ft)
ReferencesInternational Lake Environment Committee[1]

History

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Lower Lake
Location of Lower Lake in Bhopal

The lake was built by creating in 1794 to beautify the city. The construction was commissioned by Chote Khan, a minister of Nawab Hayat Muhammad Khan Bahadur.[2] A number of earlier wells were merged in this lake. The lower lake is beside a bridge named 'Pul Pukhta'. The lower lake has also been mentioned as "Pukhta-Pul Talao" in literature.[3]

Geography

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The Lower Lake is located to the east of the Upper Lake. An earthen dam separates the two lakes. The two lakes are built in a terraced manner, the lowest level of the Upper Lake is just below the highest level of the Lower Lake.

The Lower Lake has an area (water spread) of 1.29 , and its catchment area is 9.6 km2. The lake receives subsurface seepage from the Upper Lake. In the 1850s, the maximum and minimum depths of the lake were 11.7 m and 6.16 m respectively.[2] As of 2011, the maximum depth was 10.7m.

The Lower Lake does not have any fresh water source; it receives seepage water from the Upper Lake and drainage from 28 sewage-filled nullahs.[4] It drains into the Patra rivulet, which joins Halali River, a small tributary of the Betwa River.

Pollution

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The Lower Lake suffers from pollution due to drainage from sewage-filled nullahs, lack of fresh water source and commercial washing of clothes. The entire lake is eutrophic, and its water is not suitable for drinking.[4]

References

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  1. ^ "Lower Lake". International Lake Environment Committee. Archived from the original on 7 January 2012. Retrieved 28 October 2011.
  2. ^ a b "Places of Interest in Bhopal". Collectorate, Bhopal. Retrieved 28 October 2011.
  3. ^ Pranab Kumar Bhattacharyya (1977). Historical Geography of Madhya Pradesh from Early Records. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 275. ISBN 978-0-8426-9091-1.
  4. ^ a b Prashant S. Khirwadkar (2000). "Lake front planning for a sustainable lake". In Ugo Maione; Beatrice Majone Lehto; Rossella Monti (eds.). New trends in water and environmental engineering for safety and life (illustrated ed.). Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-90-5809-138-3.
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