This is a list of wars involving the Socialist Republic of Vietnam and its predecessor states.
Ancient era
editHồng Bàng dynasty (2879 BC–258 BC)
editConflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Brief description |
---|---|---|---|
Âu Việt–Lạc Việt War (258 BC)[a] |
Văn Lang (Lạc Việt) |
Âu Việt | Victory for Âu Việt |
Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Brief description |
---|---|---|---|
Qin campaign against the Baiyue (221 BC–214 BC) |
Baiyue tribes: | Qin dynasty | Defeat
|
Âu Lạc–Nanyue War (179 BC) |
Âu Lạc | Nanyue under Triệu Đà | Defeat |
Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Brief description |
---|---|---|---|
Han–Nanyue War (111 BC) |
Nanyue | Western Han | Defeat
|
Chinese Domination era
editConflict | Event | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Brief description |
---|---|---|---|---|
Trưng sisters' rebellion (40 AD–43 AD) |
Uprising (40 AD) |
Trưng sisters in Lingnan | Eastern Han | Rebel victory
|
Han counterattack (43 AD) |
Trưng sisters in Lingnan | Eastern Han | Defeat
| |
Chu Đạt's rebellion (157) |
Chu Đạt in Jiuzhen | Eastern Han | Rebel defeat | |
Wuhu rebellion (178–181) |
Liang Long in Hepu and Jiaozhi | Eastern Han | Rebel defeat | |
Independence of Lâm Ấp (192) |
Khu Liên in Xianglin (Huế) | Eastern Han | Rebel victory | |
Lady Triệu's rebellion (248) |
Lady Triệu in Jiuzhen | Eastern Wu | Rebel defeat | |
Jin–Wu War (263–280) |
Local rebels in Jiaozhi Jin dynasty |
Eastern Wu | Victory for Jin
| |
Jin–Lâm Ấp conflicts (351–415) |
Jin dynasty | Lâm Ấp | Victory for Jin | |
Liu Song–Lâm Ấp War (445–446) |
Liu Song | Lâm Ấp | Victory for Liu Song
| |
Lý Trường Nhân's rebellion (468) |
Lý Trường Nhân in Jiaozhou | Liu Song | Rebel victory
| |
Lý Bí's rebellion (541–544) |
Lý Bí in Jiaozhi | Liang dynasty | Rebel victory
|
Early Lý dynasty (544–602)
editConflict | Early Lý dynasty and allies |
Opponents | Brief description |
---|---|---|---|
Liang–Vạn Xuân War (545–550) |
Vạn Xuân | Liang dynasty | Victory for Vạn Xuân |
Vạn Xuân–Dã Năng War (557–571) |
Vạn Xuân | Dã Năng (vi) | Victory for Dã Năng
|
Sui–Vạn Xuân War (602) |
Vạn Xuân | Sui dynasty | Defeat
|
Third Chinese domination (602–905)
editConflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Brief description |
---|---|---|---|
Sui–Lâm Ấp War (605) |
Sui dynasty | Lâm Ấp | Victory for Sui |
Lý Tự Tiên's rebellion (679) |
Lý Tự Tiên and Đinh Kiến in Annan | Tang dynasty | Victory for Tang |
Mai Thúc Loan's rebellion (722–723) |
Mai Thúc Loan in Annan | Tang dynasty | Victory for Tang |
Javanese raids in modern-day Vietnamese coast (767, 774 & 787) |
Tang dynasty Champa |
Javanese raiders | Victory for Tang |
Phùng Hưng's rebellion (791) |
Phùng Hưng in Annan | Tang dynasty | Rebel defeat |
Hoàn Vương–Tang conflicts (803–809) |
Tang dynasty | Hoàn Vương | Victory for Tang |
Dương Thanh's rebellion (819–831) |
Dương Thanh in Annan | Tang dynasty | Rebel defeat |
Tang–Nanzhao war (846–866) |
Nanzhao Local rebels in Northern Vietnam |
Tang dynasty | Victory for Tang |
Khúc Thừa Dụ's rebellion (905) |
Khúc Thừa Dụ in Tĩnh Hải quân | Tang dynasty | Rebel victory
|
Monarchical era
editAutonomous period under Khúc clan and Dương Đình Nghệ (905–938)
editConflict | Event | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Brief description |
---|---|---|---|---|
Tĩnh Hải quân–Southern Han War (930) | Tĩnh Hải quân | Southern Han | Defeat
| |
Southern Han–Annan War (931–938) |
Dương Đình Nghệ campaign (931) |
Dương Đình Nghệ in Annan |
Southern Han | Victory
|
Battle of Bạch Đằng (938) |
Ngô Quyền in Annan | Southern Han | Victory
|
Ngô dynasty (939–965)
editConflict | Event | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Brief description |
---|---|---|---|---|
Dương Tam Kha's coup d'état (944) |
Ngô Xương Ngập | Dương Tam Kha | Victory for Dương Tam Kha
| |
Countercoup against Dương Tam Kha (950) |
Dương Tam Kha | Ngô Xương Văn | Victory for Ngô Xương Văn
| |
Anarchy of the 12 Warlords (965–968) |
Lã Xử Bình's coup d'état (965) |
Ngô Xương Xí | Lã Xử Bình | Victory for Lã Xử Bình
|
Đinh Bộ Lĩnh's Unification War (967–968) |
Đinh Bộ Lĩnh and allies |
Opposing factions in the 12 Warlords | Victory for Đinh Bộ Lĩnh (Đinh Tiên Hoàng)
|
Đinh dynasty (968–980)
editConflict | Đinh dynasty and allies | Opponents | Brief description |
---|---|---|---|
Countercoup against Lê Hoàn (979) |
Lê Hoàn
Supported by: |
Đinh Điền (vi), Nguyễn Bặc, Phạm Hạp Ngô Nhật Khánh |
Victory for Lê Hoàn
|
Early Lê dynasty (980–1009)
editConflict | Early Lê dynasty and allies |
Opponents | Brief description |
---|---|---|---|
Song–Đại Cồ Việt War (981) |
Đại Cồ Việt | Song dynasty | Victory
|
First Champa–Đại Cồ Việt War (982) |
Đại Cồ Việt | Champa | Victory |
Wars of the Early Lê dynasty succession (1005) |
Lê Long Việt | Lê Long Tích (vi) | Victory for Lê Long Việt
|
Lê Ngọa Triều | Lê Long Cân (vi), Lê Long Kính (vi), Lê Long Đinh (vi) | Victory for Lê Ngọa Triều
|
Later Lý dynasty (1009–1225)
editConflict | Event | Later Lý dynasty and allies |
Opponents | Brief description |
---|---|---|---|---|
Dali–Đại Cồ Việt War (1014) |
Đại Cồ Việt | Dali Kingdom | Victory | |
War of the Later Lý dynasty succession (1028) |
Khai Thiên Vương | Đông Chinh Vương (Lý Thái Tổ's son) Vũ Đức Vương Dực Thánh Vương (Lý Thái Tổ's brother) |
Victory for Khai Thiên Vương
| |
Nong Quanfu's rebellion (1038–1041) |
Đại Cồ Việt | Nong Quanfu's Kingdom of Longevity | Victory | |
Second Champa–Đại Cồ Việt War (1044) |
Đại Cồ Việt | Champa | Victory | |
Nong Zhigao's rebellion (1048–1055) |
Đại Cồ Việt | Nong Zhigao's Dali | Victory | |
First Champa–Đại Việt War (1069) |
Đại Việt | Champa | Victory
| |
Đại Việt–Song War (1075–1077) |
Viet invasion (1075) | Đại Việt | Song dynasty | Indecisive
|
Song counterattack (1077) | Đại Việt | Song dynasty | Victory
| |
Đại Việt–Khmer War (1123–1150) |
Khmer campaign (1123–1124) | Đại Việt | Khmer Empire | Victory |
Khmer–Champa joint invasion (1132) | Đại Việt | Khmer Empire Champa |
Victory
| |
Viet campaign (1136) | Đại Việt | Khmer Empire Champa |
Indecisive
| |
Further Suryavarman II's expeditions (1136–1150) | Đại Việt | Khmer Empire | Victory | |
Quách Bốc's rebellion (1209) |
Đại Việt | Quách Bốc | Victory
| |
Nguyễn Nộn's rebellion (1213–1219) |
Đại Việt | Nguyễn Nộn (vi) |
Trần dynasty (1225–1400)
editConflict | Event | Trần dynasty and allies | Opponents | Brief description |
---|---|---|---|---|
Second Champa–Đại Việt War (1252) |
Đại Việt | Champa | Victory | |
Đại Việt–Mongol War (1257–1258) or First Đại Việt–Mongol War |
Đại Việt | Mongol Empire | Defeat
| |
First Đại Việt–Yuan War (1285) or Second Đại Việt–Mongol War |
Yuan advance (January – May) |
Đại Việt | Yuan dynasty | Defeat
|
Đại Việt counteroffensive (May – June) |
Đại Việt Champa |
Yuan dynasty | Victory
| |
Second Đại Việt–Yuan War (1287–1288) or Third Đại Việt–Mongol War |
Yuan advance (1287 – January 1288) |
Đại Việt | Yuan dynasty | Defeat
|
Battle of Bạch Đằng River (1288) |
Đại Việt | Yuan dynasty | Victory
| |
Đại Việt–Muang Sua War (1294–1301) |
Đại Việt | Muang Sua | Victory
| |
Third Champa–Đại Việt War (1311) |
Đại Việt | Champa | Victory | |
Fourth Champa–Đại Việt War (1318) |
Đại Việt | Champa | Victory | |
Champa–Đại Việt War (1367–1396) |
Battle of Chiêm Động (1367) |
Đại Việt | Champa | Defeat
|
Coup against Dương Nhật Lễ (1369–1370) |
Dương Nhật Lễ | Trần Phủ | Rulership change
| |
Sack of Thăng Long (1371) |
Đại Việt | Champa | Defeat
| |
Battle of Vijaya (1377) |
Đại Việt | Champa | Defeat
| |
Trần Khát Chân's last stand (1390) |
Đại Việt | Champa | Victory
| |
Hồ Quý Ly's coup d'état (1399–1400) |
Trần Thuận Tông and Trần Thiếu Đế | Hồ Quý Ly | Rulership change
|
Hồ dynasty (1400–1407)
editConflict | Event | Hồ dynasty and allies | Opponents | Brief description |
---|---|---|---|---|
Champa–Đại Ngu War (1400–1407) |
First Đại Ngu campaign (1400) |
Đại Ngu | Champa | Defeat |
Second Đại Ngu campaign (1402) |
Đại Ngu | Champa | Victory
| |
Third Đại Ngu campaign (1403) |
Đại Ngu | Champa | Defeat
| |
Champan campaign (1407) |
Đại Ngu | Champa Ming dynasty |
Defeat
| |
Đại Ngu–Ming War (1406–1407) |
Đại Ngu | Ming dynasty | Defeat
|
Fourth Chinese Domination (1407–1428)
editConflict | Event | Vietnamese people | Opponents | Brief description |
---|---|---|---|---|
Later Trần rebellion (1407–1413) |
Later Trần rebels in Jiaozhi | Ming dynasty | Rebel defeat | |
Lam Sơn uprising (1418–1428) |
Early phases (1418–1422) |
Lê Lợi in Jiaozhi | Ming dynasty | Rebel defeat |
Capture of Nghệ An (1424–1425) |
Lê Lợi in Jiaozhi | Ming dynasty | Rebel victory | |
Battle of Tốt Động – Chúc Động (1426) |
Lê Lợi in Jiaozhi | Ming dynasty | Rebel victory | |
Siege of Đông Quan (1427) |
Lê Lợi in Jiaozhi | Ming dynasty | Rebel victory | |
Battle of Chi Lăng (1427) |
Lê Lợi in Jiaozhi | Ming dynasty | Rebel victory | |
Siege of Xương Giang (1427) |
Lê Lợi in Jiaozhi | Ming dynasty | Rebel victory
|
Later Lê dynasty (1428–1789)
editEarly period (1428–1527)
editConflict | Event | Later Lê dynasty and allies |
Opponents | Brief description |
---|---|---|---|---|
Đại Việt–Ngưu Hống war (1431–1432) |
Đại Việt | Ngưu Hống | Victory | |
Sixth Champa–Đại Việt War (1446) |
Đại Việt | Champa | Victory
| |
Later Lê dynasty succession crisis (1459–1460) |
Lê Nghi Dân's coup d'état (1459) |
Lê Nhân Tông | Lê Nghi Dân | Victory for Lê Nghi Dân
|
Countercoup against Lê Nghi Dân (1460) |
Lê Nghi Dân | Lê Lăng and Nguyễn Xí | Victory for Lê Lăng and Nguyễn Xí
| |
Seventh Champa–Đại Việt War (1471) |
Đại Việt | Champa | Victory | |
Đại Việt–Lan Xang War (1479–1484) or White Elephant War |
Đại Việt | Lan Xang Lanna Muang Phuan Ayutthaya Ava |
Defeat (see analysis)
| |
Lê Oanh's coup d'état (1509) |
Lê Uy Mục | Lê Oanh | Victory for Lê Oanh
| |
Trần Tuân's rebellion (1511–1512) |
Đại Việt | Trần Tuân (vi) | Victory | |
Crisis of the late Later Lê dynasty – Early period (1516–1526) |
Trịnh Duy Sản's coup d'état (1516) |
Lê Tương Dực | Trịnh Duy Sản (vi), Trịnh Duy Đại | Victory
|
Trần Cảo's rebellion (1516–1521) |
Đại Việt | Trần Cảo | Victory
| |
Trịnh Tuy's coup d'état (1518–1522) |
Lê Chiêu Tông | Trịnh Tuy | Victory
| |
Mạc Đăng Dung's coup d'état (1522–1526) |
Lê Chiêu Tông, Trịnh Tuy | Mạc Đăng Dung | Defeat
|
Restored Lê period (1533–1789)
editDuring this period, there existed 3 dynasties and 3 lordships: Mạc dynasty (1527–1677), Restored Lê (1533–1789), and Tây Sơn dynasty (1778–1802); Trịnh lords (1545–1787), Nguyễn lords (1558–1802), and Bầu lords (1527–1689); each with varying degrees of power and control over the country. This period is considered to be one of the most complicated periods in the history of Vietnam.
Conflict | Event | Aggressor | Defender | Brief description |
---|---|---|---|---|
Lê–Mạc War (1533–1677) |
Later Lê dynasty's return to Vietnam (1533–1543) |
Nguyễn Kim, Lê Trang Tông | Mạc dynasty | Victory for Nguyễn Kim
|
Battle of Yên Mô (1545) |
Nguyễn Kim, Lê Trang Tông | Mạc dynasty | Victory for Mạc
| |
Battle of Thăng Long (1551) |
Southern dynasty
|
Mạc dynasty | Stalemate
| |
Battle of Thuận Hóa (1554) |
Southern dynasty
|
Mạc dynasty | Victory for Lê
| |
Prince Mạc Kính Điển's Southern campaigns (1555–1579) |
Northern dynasty
|
Southern dynasty
|
Stalemate
| |
Lê Northern campaigns (1584–1592) |
Southern dynasty
|
Northern dynasty | Victory for Later Lê dynasty
| |
Later campaigns (1592–1677) |
Đại Việt | Mạc dynasty Bầu lords Supported by:
|
Victory
| |
First Đại Việt–Panduranga War (1611) |
Đàng Trong | Panduranga | Victory for Nguyễn | |
First Trịnh–Nguyễn War (1627–1672) |
Early phases (1627–1648) |
Đàng Ngoài
Dutch East India Company (1643) |
Đàng Trong
|
Stalemate |
Battle of Nghệ An (1655–1660) |
Đàng Trong | Đàng Ngoài | Victory for Trịnh | |
Later campaigns (1661–1672) |
Đàng Ngoài | Đàng Trong | Victory for Nguyễn
| |
Second Đại Việt–Panduranga War (1653) |
Đàng Trong | Panduranga | Victory | |
First Cambodia–Đại Việt War (1658) |
Đàng Trong | Cambodia | Victory
| |
Second Cambodia–Đại Việt War (1674) |
Đàng Trong | Cambodia | Victory
| |
Third Đại Việt–Panduranga War (1693–1697) |
Đàng Trong | Panduranga | Defeat
| |
Third Cambodia–Đại Việt War (1699) |
Đàng Trong | Cambodia | Victory | |
Fourth Cambodia–Đại Việt War (1708) |
Đàng Trong | Cambodia | Victory
| |
First Đại Việt–Siam War (1714) |
Đàng Trong | Ayutthaya Siam | Defeat
| |
Hoàng Công Chất's rebellion (1739–1769) |
Hoàng Công Chất (vi) | Đàng Ngoài
|
Victory | |
Lê Duy Mật's rebellion (1740–1770) |
Lê Duy Mật | Đàng Ngoài
|
Victory | |
Nguyễn Hữu Cầu's rebellion (1743–1751) |
Nguyễn Hữu Cầu | Đàng Ngoài | Victory | |
Nguyễn Danh Phương's rebellion (1744–1751) |
Nguyễn Danh Phương | Đàng Ngoài | Victory | |
Đại Việt–Luang Phrabang War (1749)[1] |
Đàng Ngoài | Luang Phrabang | Defeat | |
Fifth Cambodia–Đại Việt War (1753–1756) |
Đàng Trong | Cambodia | Victory | |
Second Đại Việt–Siam War (1771–1773) |
Đàng Trong | Thonburi Siam Ang Non II |
Defeat
| |
Tây Sơn uprising (1771–1777) |
First Tây Sơn campaigns (1771–1774) |
Tây Sơn | Đàng Trong | Rebel victory
|
Second Trịnh-Nguyễn War (1774–1775) |
Đàng Ngoài | Đàng Trong | Victory for Trịnh
| |
Gia Định campaigns (1776–1777) |
Tây Sơn | Đàng Trong | Rebel victory
|
Tây Sơn dynasty (1778–1802)
editConflict | Event | Tây Sơn dynasty and allies |
Opponents | Brief description |
---|---|---|---|---|
Third Đại Việt-Siam War (1785) |
Đàng Trong | Rattanakosin Siam Nguyễn Ánh |
Victory
| |
Tây Sơn–Trịnh War (1786) |
Đàng Trong | Đàng Ngoài | Victory for Tây Sơn
| |
Nguyễn Huệ–Nguyễn Nhạc conflict (1786) |
Nguyễn Nhạc in Quy Nhơn | Nguyễn Huệ in Phú Xuân | Indecisive
| |
Đại Việt–Qing War (1788–1789) |
Đại Việt | Qing dynasty | Victory
| |
Lê Duy Chỉ's rebellion (1791) |
Đại Việt Supported by: Cambodia |
Lê Duy Chỉ (Lê Chiêu Thống's brother) Vientiane Supported by: Rattanakosin Siam |
Victory
| |
Tây Sơn–Nguyễn War (1792–1802) |
Battle of Quy Nhơn (1799–1801) |
Đại Việt | Nguyễn Ánh Supported by: |
Victory for Nguyễn Ánh
|
Battle of Huế (1801) |
Đại Việt | Nguyễn Ánh Supported by:
| ||
Battle of Thăng Long (1802) |
Đại Việt | Nguyễn Ánh Supported by: |
Victory for Nguyễn Ánh
|
Nguyễn dynasty – Independent period (1802–1887)
editColonial era
editFrench Indochina (1887–1945)
editRepublican era
editNorth Vietnam (1945–1976)
editState of Vietnam (1949–1955)
editSouth Vietnam (1955–1975)
editVietnam
editConflict | Vietnam and allies | Opponents | Result | General Secretary |
---|---|---|---|---|
Insurgency in the Central Highlands (1975–1992) |
Vietnam | FULRO | Victory |
|
Insurgency in Laos (1975–2007) |
Vietnam Laos |
Hmong insurgents | Victory | |
Cambodian–Vietnamese War (1977–1989) |
Vietnam FUNSK Post-invasion: 1979–1989: Vietnam People's Republic of Kampuchea 1989–1991: State of Cambodia Supported by: |
Democratic Kampuchea (1979–1982) Post-invasion: CGDK/NGC (1982–1990) Thailand (border clashes) |
Victory
| |
Sino–Vietnamese War (1979) |
Vietnam | China | Stalemate
|
Lê Duẩn |
Sino-Vietnamese conflicts (1979–1991) |
Vietnam | China | Stalemate
|
Lê Duẩn (until July 1986) Trường Chinh (July–December 1986) Nguyễn Văn Linh (1986–1991) Đỗ Mười(since 1991) |
Thai–Laotian Border War (1987–1988) |
Vietnam Laos |
Thailand | Victory
|
Nguyễn Văn Linh |
Johnson South Reef Skirmish (1988) |
Vietnam | China | Defeat
|
Notes
edit- ^ 258 BC is the current consensus. Some Vietnamese sources such as the Đại Việt sử lược and the Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư contend that this event took place in 208 BC; whereas the Chinese Records of the Grand Historian dates the enthronement of Thục Phán in 218 BC, amidst the Qin campaign against the Baiyue.
- ^ Start date remains disputed, but North Vietnam did not intervene before 1959.
Citations
edit- ^ Stuart-Fox, Martin (2008). History Dictionary of Laos (3rd ed.). Scarecrow Press, Inc. p. 389. ISBN 978-0-8108-5624-0.