Led Zeppelin were an English rock band who recorded 94 songs between 1968 and 1980. The band pioneered the concept of album-oriented rock and often refused to release popular songs as singles,[1] instead viewing their albums as indivisible, complete listening experiences, and disliked record labels re-editing their songs for single releases.[2]
Their self-titled debut album, Led Zeppelin, released in early 1969, contained songs that were influenced by the genres of blues, hard rock and heavy metal.[3] Led Zeppelin II, released in October 1969, built upon their debut with a more direct, hard-hitting sound that has become a blueprint for heavy metal bands.[4] Led Zeppelin III (1970) marked a musical growth for the band; half of its songs were hard rockers while the other half were built upon folk and acoustic music that gave it "extra depth".[5] "Immigrant Song", released as a single, was backed by the band's only non-album single, "Hey, Hey, What Can I Do".[6] Their untitled fourth album, commonly referred to as Led Zeppelin IV,[7] was released in November 1971.[8] Bringing together all the genres from their previous albums,[8] the album contains some of the band's best-known songs, including "Black Dog", "Rock and Roll", "Going to California" and "Stairway to Heaven", referred to as one of the greatest rock songs of all time.[9]
The band's following albums, Houses of the Holy (1973) and Physical Graffiti (1975), continued the band's musical growth.[10][11] Houses of the Holy contained a wider range of musical styles, from the ballad "The Rain Song" to the funk-inspired "The Crunge",[12] while Physical Graffiti was a double album that contained new songs as well as unreleased outtakes from previous albums.[13] The album, like its predecessor, contained a variety of musical styles, including hard rock, funk, acoustic rock, blues, soft and progressive rock, and even country rock.[14][15] Presence (1976) marked a departure from their previous albums by featuring more straightforward, guitar-driven songs with less emphasis on musical experimentation.[1][16] In Through the Out Door (1979), a direct contrast to Presence,[17] featured a keyboard-heavy sound that was dominated by Jones.[18] The album would prove to be their last as a band, as after Bonham's death in September 1980, the remaining members decided to disband the group. Coda (1982) is a collection of outtakes from various sessions during the band's career.[19][20]
Since their breakup, 26 songs have seen official release. The Led Zeppelin Boxed Set (1990) saw the release of the band's cover of Robert Johnson's "Travelling Riverside Blues", the live medley "White Summer/Black Mountain Side", and the first album release of "Hey, Hey, What Can I Do?";[21] the second boxed set (1993) saw the release of "Baby Come On Home".[22] New songs were also released on BBC Sessions (1997) and its remaster, The Complete BBC Sessions (2015),[23][24] 2003's Led Zeppelin DVD and the live album How the West Was Won (2003).[25] After the release of the concert film Celebration Day (2012), Page announced the remastering of the band's discography in the form of deluxe editions, which together included 13 previously unreleased songs, some of which were different mixes of previously released songs.[26] The albums were released between 2014 and 2015.[27][28][29][30]
Songs
edit| Contents |
|---|
| 0–9 · A · B · C · D · F · G · H · I · K · L · M · N · O · P · R · S · T · W · Y Notes · References · Bibliography |
| ‡ | Indicates instrumental |
|---|---|
| † | Indicates songs written or co-written by others and traditional songs |
| # | Indicates Deluxe Edition track only |
| * | Indicates boxed set track only |
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Notes
edit- ^ Bonus track on the deluxe edition of Presence.[30]
- ^ An early version, titled "Two Ones Are Won", appears as a bonus track on the deluxe edition of Presence.[30][33]
- ^ An early version, titled "The Hook", appears as a bonus track on the deluxe edition of In Through the Out Door.[30][35]
- ^ The song was originally credited to "Trad. arr. by Jimmy Page".[37] Bredon was made aware of Led Zeppelin's version and since 1990 the song has been credited to Anne Bredon, Jimmy Page, and Robert Plant.[38]
- ^ a b c d e Plant was given a songwriting credit in later editions of the album.[46] ISWC: T-070.211.844-2
- ^ Features guest vocals from English singer-songwriter Sandy Denny.[8]
- ^ The original Led Zeppelin II album notes credit Jimmy Page and Robert Plant.[41] The 2004 reissue and subsequent releases credit Dixon solely.
- ^ An early version, titled "Jennings Farm Blues", appears as a bonus track on the deluxe edition of Led Zeppelin III.[43][44]
- ^ An early version, titled "The Epic", appears as a bonus track on the deluxe edition of In Through the Out Door.[30][35]
- ^ The original Led Zeppelin album notes credit Jimmy Page solely.[37] Celebration Day and subsequent reissues credit "Jimmy Page (inspired by Jake Holmes)".[46]
- ^ An early version, titled "Four Hands", appears as a bonus track on the deluxe edition of Coda.[30][49]
- ^ The original BBC Sessions credits Bonham, Jones, Page, Plant, and Sleepy John Estes.[50] The 2016 remastered edition includes "Contains interpolations from "Let Me Love You Baby" by Willie Dixon [and] "Travelling Riverside" by Robert Johnson" and adds Dixon and Johnson to the credits.[51]
- ^ Charles Obscure is a pseudonym for Jimmy Page.[52]
- ^ An edited live version recorded on 9 January 1970 was released on Coda (1982).[19]
- ^ An early version, titled "Blot", appears as a bonus track on the deluxe edition of In Through the Out Door.[30][35]
- ^ An early version, titled "Everybody Makes It Through", appears as a bonus track on the deluxe edition of Physical Graffiti.[54][55]
- ^ An early version, titled "Driving Through Kashmir", appears as a bonus track on the deluxe edition of Physical Graffiti.[54][55]
- ^ Bonus track on the re-issue of Led Zeppelin III.[43]
- ^ Bonus track on the re-issue of Led Zeppelin II.[43]
- ^ Originally uncredited,[41] after a lawsuit, the song co-credits Howlin' Wolf under his real name, Chester Burnett.[58][59]
- ^ An early version, titled "Bathroom Sound", appears as a bonus track on the deluxe edition of Led Zeppelin III.[43][44]
- ^ An early version, titled "Southbound Piano", appears as a bonus track on the deluxe edition of In Through the Out Door.[30][35]
- ^ a b Bonus track on the deluxe edition of Coda.[30]
- ^ An early version, titled "Brandy & Coke", appears as a bonus track on the deluxe edition of Physical Graffiti.[54][55]
- ^ An early version, titled "Desire", appears as a bonus track on the deluxe edition of Coda.[30][49]
- ^ An early version, titled "If It Keeps On Raining", appears as a bonus track on the deluxe edition of Coda.[30][49]
- ^ The song contains similarities to the Willie Dixon-penned "You Need Love", first performed by Muddy Waters.[60] Originally uncredited,[41] after a lawsuit in 1985,[38] Dixon is now credited as a co-writer.
References
edit- ^ a b Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Led Zeppelin – Biography". AllMusic. Archived from the original on 14 January 2011. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
- ^ Wall 2008, pp. 166–167.
- ^ Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Led Zeppelin – Led Zeppelin". AllMusic. Archived from the original on 30 July 2013. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
- ^ Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Led Zeppelin II – Led Zeppelin". AllMusic. Archived from the original on 31 August 2017. Retrieved 25 September 2017.
- ^ Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Led Zeppelin III – Led Zeppelin". AllMusic. Archived from the original on 25 September 2017. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
- ^ Yorke 1993, p. 129.
- ^ Davis 2005, p. 25.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Untitled (liner notes). Led Zeppelin. UK: Atlantic Records. 1971. 2401012.
{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) - ^ September 2002 Issue Archived 21 December 2016 at the Wayback Machine. SPIN. SPIN Media LLC.
- ^ Wall 2008, p. 294.
- ^ "Record Collector: Physical Graffiti – an album under review". Record Collector. Archived from the original on 4 October 2008. Retrieved 24 August 2017.
- ^ Wilkening, Matthew (28 March 2016). "The Story of Led Zeppelin's Most Diverse Album, 'Houses of the Holy'". Ultimate Classic Rock. Loudwire Network. Archived from the original on 11 September 2017. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
- ^ Dave Schulps, Interview with Jimmy Page Archived 20 August 2011 at the Wayback Machine, Trouser Press, October 1977.
- ^ Lewis 1990, pp. 54–56.
- ^ Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Physical Graffiti – Led Zeppelin". AllMusic. Archived from the original on 7 November 2017. Retrieved 8 November 2018.
- ^ Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Presence – Led Zeppelin". AllMusic. Archived from the original on 9 September 2017. Retrieved 25 September 2017.
- ^ Akkerman 2014, p. 113.
- ^ Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "In Through the Out Door – Led Zeppelin". AllMusic. Archived from the original on 7 September 2017. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Coda (liner notes). Led Zeppelin. UK: Swan Song Records. 1982. 90051-1.
{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) - ^ Yorke 1993, p. 267.
- ^ a b c Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Led Zeppelin [Boxed Set] – Led Zeppelin". AllMusic. Archived from the original on 5 August 2017. Retrieved 17 August 2017.
- ^ a b Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Led Zeppelin [Box Set 2] – Led Zeppelin". AllMusic. Archived from the original on 6 September 2017. Retrieved 17 August 2017.
- ^ Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "BBC Sessions – Led Zeppelin". AllMusic. Archived from the original on 23 June 2012. Retrieved 8 November 2018.
- ^ Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "The Complete BBC Sessions – Led Zeppelin". AllMusic. Archived from the original on 9 November 2018. Retrieved 8 November 2018.
- ^ Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "How the West Was Won – Led Zeppelin". AllMusic. Archived from the original on 15 October 2018. Retrieved 8 November 2018.
- ^ "Jimmy Page remastering Led Zeppelin albums for 2013 boxset release". NME. UK. 30 October 2012. Archived from the original on 17 April 2021. Retrieved 24 August 2017.
- ^ "First Three Albums Newly Remastered With Previously Unreleased Companion Audio". LedZeppelin.com. 14 March 2014. Archived from the original on 14 March 2014. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
- ^ "Led Zeppelin Reissues Continue with Deluxe Editions of Led Zeppelin IV and Houses of the Holy". LedZeppelin.com. 29 July 2014. Archived from the original on 12 May 2016. Retrieved 24 August 2017.
- ^ "Physical Graffiti Deluxe Edition Arrives Exactly 40 Years After Debut, Produced and Newly Remastered by Jimmy Page, with Previously Unreleased Companion Audio". LedZeppelin.com. 8 January 2015. Archived from the original on 19 January 2015. Retrieved 24 August 2017.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Grow, Kory (3 June 2015). "Led Zeppelin Announce Final Three Deluxe Reissues". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on 4 June 2015. Retrieved 22 September 2017.
- ^ "Boogie with Stu: Remembering Ian Stewart". Rhino. Rhino Entertainment. 12 December 2014. Archived from the original on 25 August 2017. Retrieved 24 August 2017.
- ^ "Led Zeppelin sued by folk singer for alleged plagiarism". New York Post. 29 June 2010. Archived from the original on 19 October 2012. Retrieved 12 October 2017.
- ^ a b Presence (The Companion Disc liner notes). Led Zeppelin. UK: Swan Song Records. 2015. 4607147918456.
{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) - ^ a b c d e f g Presence (liner notes). Led Zeppelin. UK: Swan Song Records. 1976. SS 8416.
{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) - ^ a b c d In Through the Out Door (The Companion Disc liner notes). Led Zeppelin. UK: Swan Song Records. 2015. 8122795579.
{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) - ^ a b c d e f g In Through the Out Door (liner notes). Led Zeppelin. UK: Swan Song Records. 1979. SSK 59410.
{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) - ^ a b c d e f g h i Led Zeppelin (liner notes). Led Zeppelin. UK: Atlantic Records. 1969. SS 588171.
{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) - ^ a b Lewis 1994.
- ^ a b Led Zeppelin (liner notes). Led Zeppelin. UK: Atlantic Records. 2014. R1-535224.
{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) - ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Physical Graffiti (liner notes). Led Zeppelin. UK: Swan Song Records. 1975. SSK 89400.
{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) - ^ a b c d e f g h i Led Zeppelin II (liner notes). Led Zeppelin. UK: Atlantic Records. 1969. SD 8236.
{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) - ^ a b c Led Zeppelin II (liner notes). Led Zeppelin. UK: Atlantic Records. 2014. R1-536180.
{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) - ^ a b c d Pelly, Jenn (13 March 2014). "Led Zeppelin to Reissue First Three Albums With Unreleased Material". Pitchfork. Archived from the original on 14 March 2014. Retrieved 13 March 2014. Cite error: The named reference "final reissues0" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
- ^ a b c Led Zeppelin III (The Companion Disc gatefold notes). Led Zeppelin. UK: Atlantic Records. 2014. 8122-79644-9.
{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) - ^ a b c d e f g h i j Led Zeppelin III (liner notes). Led Zeppelin. UK: Atlantic Records. 1970. 2401-002.
{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) - ^ a b Led Zeppelin (Super Deluxe Edition Box page 3 liner notes). Led Zeppelin. Atlantic Records. 2014. R2-536179.
{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) - ^ a b c d e f g h Houses of the Holy (liner notes). Led Zeppelin. UK: Atlantic Records. 1973. K 50014.
{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) - ^ Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Led Zeppelin [DVD Box Set] – Led Zeppelin". AllMusic. Archived from the original on 5 August 2017. Retrieved 17 August 2017.
- ^ a b c d e Coda (Companion Audio liner notes). Led Zeppelin. UK: Swan Song Records. 2015. R1-547430.
{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) - ^ a b BBC Sessions (Credits). Led Zeppelin. UK: Atlantic Records. 1997. 7567-83061-2.
{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) - ^ a b c The Complete BBC Sessions (Credits). Led Zeppelin. UK: Atlantic Records. 2016. 8122-79439-0.
{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) - ^ Lewis 2012, p. 45.
- ^ "Immigrant Song" / "Hey, Hey, What Can I Do" (liner notes). Led Zeppelin. UK: Atlantic Records. 1970. 45-2777.
{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) - ^ a b c Grow, Kory (8 January 2015). "Led Zeppelin Announce Super-Deluxe 'Physical Graffiti' Reissue". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on 11 January 2015. Retrieved 22 September 2017.
- ^ a b c Physical Graffiti (The Companion Disc liner notes). Led Zeppelin. UK: Swan Song Records. 2015. 8122-79579-3.
{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) - ^ Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "How the West Was Won – Led Zeppelin". AllMusic. Archived from the original on 25 September 2017. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
- ^ Led Zeppelin II (The Companion Disc (2) liner notes). Led Zeppelin. UK: Atlantic Records. 2014. R1-536180.
{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) - ^ Segrest & Hoffman 2004, pp. 235, 299.
- ^ Wall 2008, p. 150.
- ^ Inaba 2011, p. 191–193.
Bibliography
edit- Akkerman, Gregg (2014). Experiencing Led Zeppelin: A Listener's Companion. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-0-8108-8916-3.
- Davis, Erik (2005). Led Zeppelin IV. New York: Continuum. ISBN 0-8264-1658-6.
- Inaba, Mitsutoshi (2011). Willie Dixon: Preacher of the Blues. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6993-6.
- Lewis, Dave (1990). Led Zeppelin: A Celebration. Omnibus Press. ISBN 978-0-711-92416-1.
- Lewis, Dave (1994). The Complete Guide to the Music of Led Zeppelin. Omnibus Press. ISBN 0-7119-3528-9.
- Lewis, Dave (2012). Led Zeppelin: From a Whisper to a Scream; The Complete Guide to the Music of Led Zeppelin. Omnibus Press. ISBN 978-1-78038-547-1.
- Segrest, James; Hoffman, Mark (2004). Moanin' at Midnight: The Life and Times of Howlin' Wolf. New York City: Pantheon Books. ISBN 0-375-42246-3.
- Wall, Mick (1 November 2008). "The truth behind the Led Zeppelin legend". The Times. Retrieved 24 August 2017.[dead link]
- Yorke, Ritchie (1993). Led Zeppelin: The Definitive Biography. Novato, California: Underwood–Miller. ISBN 0-88733-177-7.
External links
edit- Led Zeppelin discography Archived 10 November 2020 at the Wayback Machine