This list contains singers and groups who performed in the new jack swing (or swingbeat)[1][2] style, a hybrid style popular from the mid-1980s into the early 1990s.[3] It developed as many previous music genres did, by combining elements of jazz, R&B, funk and hip hop.[4] The sound of new jack swing comes from the hip hop "swing" beats created by drum machine and hardware samplers[5]
Artists
edit- Paula Abdul[1][6]
- Babyface[1][7][8]
- Ricky Bell[6][9]
- Michael Bivins[6][9]
- Mary J. Blige[10][11][12][13]
- Toni Braxton[1]
- Bobby Brown[7][8][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]
- Tevin Campbell[6][21]
- Mariah Carey
- Jane Child[7]
- Ronnie DeVoe[6][9]
- Father MC[22]
- Aretha Franklin (What You See Is What You Sweat era)[23]
- Dr. Freeze[8]
- Doug E. Fresh[14]
- Debbie Gibson[7]
- Johnny Gill[7][11][16]
- Jasmine Guy[24][25][26]
- Aaron Hall[18][27]
- Heavy D[28][29]
- Whitney Houston[1][7][8]
- Janet Jackson[7][8]
- Michael Jackson[1][6][8][16][30][31]
- DJ Jazzy Jeff
- Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis[8]
- Montell Jordan[17]
- R. Kelly (early work)[10][32][33]
- Johnny Kemp[6][8][15]
- Tara Kemp[34]
- Kool Moe Dee[14]
- Joey Lawrence[7]
- Gerald Levert[35][36]
- MC Hammer[37][38]
- Epic Mazur (90s work)[39]
- Brian McKnight (early work)[40]
- Cindy Morgan (Real Life era)
- Jeff Redd[41]
- L.A. Reid[1][8]
- Teddy Riley[1][6][7][8][10][15][16][17][18][42]
- Diana Ross (Workin' Overtime era)[43]
- Raphael Saadiq[44][45][46]
- Samuelle[16]
- Tracie Spencer[8]
- Donna Summer (90s work)[47][48]
- Al B. Sure![6][8][11][15][16][49][50]
- Keith Sweat[6][7][11][14][15]
- Tiffany (New Inside era)[51]
- Ralph Tresvant[7]
- Karyn White[7]
- Alyson Williams[52]
- Christopher Williams[53]
Groups
edit- After 7[54]
- Another Bad Creation[8][55][56]
- Bell Biv DeVoe[7][8][57][17]
- Blackstreet[1]
- The Boys[58]
- Boyz II Men[1][8][17][59]
- C+C Music Factory[8]
- Color Me Badd[6][8][11]
- Guy[1][6][7][8][10][14][15][60]
- Heavy D & the Boyz[8][14][15][61]
- Hi-Five[8][14]
- Immature (On Our Worst Behavior era)[62]
- Jade[10]
- Jodeci[7][8][10][63]
- Joe Public[6][64]
- L.A. Boyz[65]
- LeVert[66][67]
- M & M[68]
- Men at Large[69]
- Mint Condition[7]
- New Edition[7]
- New Kids on the Block[7]
- Ol' Skool[70]
- P.M. Dawn[8][71]
- Portrait[72][73]
- Public Announcement[74][75]
- Ready for the World[7][76]
- The Rude Boys[77]
- Run–D.M.C. (Back from Hell era)[78][79]
- Soul for Real[80]
- SWV[6][10]
- Timex Social Club[81]
- TLC[1][6][10]
- Today[10]
- Tony! Toni! Toné![6][8][82][83]
- Troop[7]
- The Winans (1990s work)[14]
- Wreckx-n-Effect[6][10][84]
- 3rd Avenue[85]
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Silverton, Peter. "New jack swing". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 11 September 2015.
- ^ Reynolds, Simon (1 August 1999). "MUSIC; Partners in the Engine Room of Rap". The New York Times. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
- ^ Henderson, Alex. "New Jack Swing". AllMusic. Archived from the original on 7 March 2012.
- ^ Associated Press (20 November 2020). "Taraji P. Henson Tells Story of New Jack Swing in Podcast". Billboard. Retrieved 22 July 2021.
- ^ Leight, Elias (6 May 2017). "Teddy Riley Talks Honing New Jack Swing, Learning from Michael Jackson". Rolling Stone. Retrieved 21 July 2021.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Heller, Jason (30 September 2010). "New jack swing". The A.V. Club. Retrieved 26 July 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Carter, Kelley L. (10 August 2008). "5 Things You Can Learn About ... New jack swing". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on 7 May 2012.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w Williams, C.L. (6 October 2011). "New Jack Swing Forever: How a Movement Redefined an Era". PopMatters. Retrieved 8 August 2016.
- ^ a b c Daw, Robbie (24 February 2011). "Bell Biv DeVoe Inject 'Jimmy Fallon' With Some "Poison"". Idolator. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Hoffmann 2006, p. 250.
- ^ a b c d e Ripani 2006, p. 154.
- ^ Dimartino, Dave (20 November 1992). "Close-up: Mary J. Blige". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
- ^ Considine, J.D. (4 September 1992). "Blige doesn't quite play it the way the guys do". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Kot, Greg (4 November 1991). "New Jack Swing Has a Good Friend In Very Likable Guy". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 5 August 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f g Gonzales, Michael A. (10 November 2011). "Why Heavy D. Matters". Complex. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f Mlynar, Phillip (19 July 2011). "The Top 10 New Jack Swing Anthems of All Time". SF Weekly. Retrieved 5 August 2016.
- ^ a b c d e Sakamoto, John (13 October 2011). "The Anti-Hit List for Oct. 15". Toronto Star. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
- ^ a b c Vincent 1996, p. 284.
- ^ Hoffmann 2006, pp. 25, 250.
- ^ Larkin 2006, "Brown, Bobby".
- ^ Wynn, Ron. "Tevin Campbell – Artist Biography". AllMusic. Retrieved 26 July 2016.
- ^ Wynn, Ron. "Father MC – Artist Biography". AllMusic. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
- ^ Unterberger, Richie. "Aretha Franklin – Artist Biography". AllMusic. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
- ^ All Music-Jasmine Guy album
- ^ Billboard top R&B singles, Billboard.com
- ^ Bogdanov, Vladimir (1998). All Music Guide to Soul: The Definitive Guide to R&B and Soul. ISBN 9780879307448.
- ^ Iandoli, Kathy. "Sad Songs of R&B: 20 Tunes to Satisfy the Winter Blues". The Boombox. Retrieved 8 August 2016.
- ^ Katzoff, Tami (22 December 2011). "In Memoriam: Nate Dogg, Heavy D Among Stars We Lost in 2011". MTV News. Archived from the original on 9 August 2016. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
- ^ Fekadu, Mesfin (18 November 2011). "Heavy D Funeral Attracts Family, Stars, a Letter From Obama". Billboard. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
- ^ Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Michael Jackson – Artist Biography". AllMusic. Retrieved 26 July 2016.
- ^ Christgau, Robert (December 2004). "Michael Jackson: The Ultimate Collection". Blender. Retrieved 26 July 2016.
- ^ Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "R. Kelly – Artist Biography". AllMusic. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
- ^ "Man in the mirror". The Observer. 19 September 2004. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
- ^ Farber, Jim (1 February 1991). "Tara Kemp". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 26 July 2016.
- ^ Jones, Steve (14 November 2006). "Gerald Levert dies: Gruff-voiced, ever smooth". USA Today. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
- ^ Knopper, Steve (9 September 2015). "The O'Jays continuing their odds-defying longevity". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on 17 September 2011. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
- ^ Torreano, Bradley. "MC Hammer – The Hits". AllMusic. Retrieved 26 July 2016.
- ^ Madden, Sidney (12 February 2015). "Today In Hip-Hop: MC Hammer Drops 'Please Hammer, Don't Hurt 'Em'". XXL. Retrieved 26 July 2016.
- ^ Lang, George (20 April 2001). "Staying Crazy Band careful about 'Butterfly' image". The Oklahoman. Retrieved 8 August 2016.
- ^ Lytle, Craig. "Brian McKnight – Artist Biography". AllMusic. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
- ^ Kellman, Andy. "Jeff Redd – Artist Biography". AllMusic. Retrieved 26 July 2016.
- ^ Ripani 2006, pp. 131–2.
- ^ Brown, Joe (13 August 1989). "The Divas With the Die-Hard Fans". The Washington Post. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
- ^ Brown, Ethan (25 October 2004). "Beats, With a Touch of Blues". New York. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
- ^ Hawking, Tom (4 May 2011). "5 Albums to Stream for Free This Week: Okkervil River, Man Man". Flavorwire. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
- ^ Blount Danois, Ericka (9 May 2011). "Rollin' with Raphael". Wax Poetics. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
- ^ Redley, Simon. "Donna Summer Dies of Cancer at 63". Blues & Soul. Retrieved 26 July 2016.
- ^ Parker, Suzi (17 May 2012). "RIP Donna Summer, queen of disco and bad girls". The Washington Post. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
- ^ Larkin 2006, "Sure!, Al B.".
- ^ Huey, Steve. "Al B. Sure! – Artist Biography". AllMusic. Retrieved 26 July 2016.
- ^ Jenkins, Mark (10 February 1991). "Barbie Sings! Plus the Latest from Other Living Dolls". The Washington Post. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
- ^ Wynn, Ron. "Alyson Williams – Artist Biography". AllMusic. Retrieved 26 July 2016.
- ^ Kellman, Andy. "Christopher Williams – Artist Biography". AllMusic. Retrieved 26 July 2016.
- ^ Wynn, Ron. "After 7 – Artist Biography". AllMusic. Retrieved 26 July 2016.
- ^ Kellman, Andy. "Another Bad Creation – Artist Biography". AllMusic. Retrieved 26 July 2016.
- ^ Pini, Gary (13 May 2011). "Another Bad Creation's "Playground" Is Our Music Video of the Day". Paper. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
- ^ Ripani 2006, pp. 153–4.
- ^ Vincent 1996, p. 305.
- ^ Raymond, Ali. "Boyz II Men: Love Is All You Need". Blues & Soul. Retrieved 26 July 2016.
- ^ Larkin 2006, "Guy", "Hall, Aaron".
- ^ Michaels, Sean (9 November 2011). "Rapper and actor Heavy D dies aged 44". The Guardian. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
- ^ Bauder, David (6 December 1992). "New group cashes in on youth trend". Lawrence Journal-World. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
- ^ Larkin 2006, "Jodeci", "K-Ci And JoJo".
- ^ Wynn, Ron. "Joe Public – Artist Biography". AllMusic. Retrieved 26 July 2016.
- ^ Wang, Oliver (19 April 2009). "Jive Token". LA Weekly. Retrieved 5 August 2016.
- ^ Berger, Arion (13 December 1991). "Private Line". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 26 July 2016.
- ^ Considine, J.D. (18 June 1993). "New jack swingers, Levert, have soul in their blood". Bangor Daily News. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
- ^ Kantor, Justin. "M & M – Get Ta Know Ya Betta". AllMusic. Retrieved 8 August 2016.
- ^ Kellman, Andy. "Men at Large – Artist Biography". AllMusic. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
- ^ Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Ol Skool – Artist Biography". AllMusic. Retrieved 27 July 2016.
- ^ Meyer, Marianne (30 August 2007). "Live!". The Washington Post. Retrieved 8 August 2016.
- ^ Kellman, Andy. "Portrait – Artist Biography". AllMusic. Retrieved 27 July 2016.
- ^ Iandoli, Kathy. "Reminisce Over You: R&B Acts From the 1990s We Miss". The Boombox. Retrieved 8 August 2016.
- ^ Wynn, Ron. "R. Kelly / Public Announcement – Born into the '90s". AllMusic. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
- ^ Marchese, David (7 January 2016). "The R. Kelly Problem". New York. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
- ^ Theakston, Rob. "Ready for the World – Straight Down to Business". AllMusic. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
- ^ Smith, Robert L. (11 January 2011). "With soulful coffee houses, R&B singer Joe Little III brings a cafe scene to the black community". The Plain Dealer. Retrieved 5 August 2016.
- ^ Sickels 2013, p. 465, "Run–DMC".
- ^ Lymangrover, Jason. "Run-D.M.C. – Down with the King". AllMusic. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
- ^ Larkin 2006, "Soul IV Real".
- ^ Eddy, Chuck (March 2011). "Essentials: R&B Rubs Hip-Hop the Right Way and the New Jack Swing Era Is Born". Spin. Vol. 27, no. 3. p. 84. ISSN 0886-3032.
- ^ Unterberger 1999, p. 435.
- ^ Larkin 2006, "Tony! Toni! Toné!".
- ^ Larkin 2006, "Wreckx-N-Effect".
- ^ "Major Labels Stay Hyperactive". Billboard. 27 June 1992.
Bibliography
edit- Hoffmann, Frank (2006). Rhythm and Blues, Rap, and Hip-hop. Facts on File. ISBN 0-8160-5315-4.
- Larkin, Colin, ed. (2006). Encyclopedia of Popular Music (4th ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-531373-9.
- Ripani, Richard J. (2006). The New Blue Music: Changes in Rhythm & Blues, 1950-1999. University Press of Mississippi. ISBN 978-1-57806-862-3.
- Sickels, Robert C., ed. (2013). 100 Entertainers Who Changed America: An Encyclopedia of Pop Culture Luminaries. Vol. 2. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1-59884-831-1.
- Unterberger, Richie (1999). Music USA: The Rough Guide. Rough Guides. ISBN 1-85828-421-X.
- Vincent, Rickey (1996). Funk: The Music, the People, and the Rhythm of the One. St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0-312-13499-1.