Wikipedia

List of hemipterans of Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka is a tropical island situated close to the southern tip of India. The invertebrate fauna is as large as it is common to other regions of the world. There are about two million species of arthropods found in the world, and still is counting.

The following list is about confirmed hemipterans recorded in Sri Lanka, though many new unconfirmed sightings are existent.

Hemipterans edit

Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Hemiptera

The Hemiptera order of insects includes the insects commonly known as the true bugs. The order includes planthoppers, leafhoppers, shield bugs, cicadas, aphids. More than 70,000 species are distributed worldwide.[1] Most hemipterans are plant sap feeders, some are parasitic, while the rest are predators who attack small insects and small invertebrates. Most species are terrestrial and a few are aquatic. Hemipterans are hemimetabolous, where young are similar to adults in the morphology. Hemipterans are economically important insects, where most of them are agricultural pests and vertebrate parasites.[2]

The following list provide the hemipterans currently identified in Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka is known to be home for 794 species of hemipterans included to 71 families. Detailed work of Sri Lankan hemipterans are recorded in book Catalogue of Hemiptera of Sri Lanka.[3] Sri Lanka comprises 74 species in 46 genera and 6 families of aphids within order Hemiptera. Two endemic aphid species found on Sri Lanka. Many researches have been carried out by different hemipteran families by local and overseas experts.[4][5][6][7]

In 2009, M. Prashanthini and M. Vinobaba of Eastern University of Sri Lanka carried out experiments on mealybugs and identified 38 species of mealybugs from Sri Lanka with new exotic species.[8][9][10][11] Un updated systematic catalogue of cicadas of South Asia have been published in 2016. According to that, 22 species of cicadas were recorded from Sri Lanka.[12] Chopra and Rustagi in 2012 published the characters of the subfamily Chauliopinae from India and Sri Lanka.[13]

In 2012, B. Vasantharaj David compiled the checklist and diversity of whiteflies of Sri Lanka with new records of seven species and new Pealius species from Sri Lanka.[14] Fourteen species belonging to eight genera of soft scales were identified with two introduced species from Sri Lanka.[15] The provisional checklist of the leafhoppers in Sri Lanka have been compiled by Dr. Rajendramani Gnaneswaran of the department of zoology, University of Jaffna. With her revision, 257 leafhopper species belonging to 120 genera have been identified from Sri Lanka.[16]

Family: Achilidae - achilid planthoppers edit

Family: Aclerdidae - aclerdid scales edit

Family: Adelgidae - spruce aphids edit

Family: Aleyrodidae - whiteflies edit

Family: Alydidae - broad-headed bugs edit

Family: Aphalaridae edit

Family: Aphididae edit

Main article: List of aphids of Sri Lanka

Family: Aphrophoridae - spittlebugs edit

Family: Aradidae - flat bugs edit

Family: Asterolecaniidae - pit scales edit

Family: Belostomatidae - giant water bugs edit

Family: Berytidae - stilt bugs edit

Family: Caliscelidae - piglet bugs edit

Family: Calophyidae edit

Family: Carsidaridae edit

Family: Cercopidae - froghoppers edit

Family: [erococcidae - ornate pit scales edit

Family: Cicadellidae - leafhoppers edit

Family: Cixiidae - cixiid planthoppers edit

Family: Coccidae - soft scales edit

Family: Conchaspididae - false armored scales edit

Family: Coreidae - squash bugs edit

Family: Corixidae - water boatmen edit

Family: Cydnidae - burrowing bugs edit

Family: Cymidae edit

Family: Dactylopiidae - cochineals edit

Family: Delphacidae - delphacid planthoppers edit

Family: Derbidae - derbid planthoppers edit

Family: Diaspididae - armored scale insects edit

Family: Dictyopharidae - dictyopharid planthoppers edit

Family: Dinidoridae edit

Family: Eriococcidae - felt scales edit

Family: Eurybrachidae edit

Family: Flatidae - flatid planthoppers edit

Family: Fulgoridae - lanternflies edit

Family: Geocoridae - big-eyed bugs edit

Family: Gerridae - water striders edit

Family: Halimococcidae - pupillarial palm scales edit

Family: Issidae - issid planthoppers edit

Family: Kerriidae - lac insects edit

Family: Kinnaridae - kinnarid planthoppers edit

Family: Largidae - bordered plant bugs edit

Family: Lecanodiaspididae - false pit scales edit

Family: Liviidae edit

Family: Lophopidae edit

Family: Lygaeidae - milkweed bugs edit

Family: Machaerotidae - tube spittlebugs edit

Family: Malcidae edit

Family: Meenoplidae edit

Family: Membracidae - typical treehoppers edit

Family: Miridae - plant bugs edit

Family: Monophlebidae - giant scales edit

Family: Naucoridae - creeping water bugs edit

Family: Nepidae - waterscorpions edit

Family: Ochteridae - velvety shore bugs edit

Family: Ortheziidae - ensign scales edit

Family: Oxycarenidae edit

Family: Pachygronthidae edit

Family: Pentatomidae - stink bugs edit

Family: Plataspidae edit

Family: Pseudococcidae - mealybugs edit

Family: Psyllidae - jumping plant lice edit

Family: Pyrrhocoridae - cotton stainers edit

Family: Rhyparochromidae - seed bugs edit

Family: Saldidae - shore bugs edit

Family: Scutelleridae - jewel bugs edit

Family: Tettigometridae edit

Family: Tingidae - lace bugs edit

Family: Triozidae - jumping plant lice edit

Family: Tropiduchidae edit

Family: Ulopidae edit

References edit

  1. ^ Jon Martin; Mick Webb. "Hemiptera...It's a Bug's Life" (PDF). Natural History Museum. Retrieved 26 July 2010.
  2. ^ Gullan, Penny; Kosztarab, Michael (1997). "Adaptations in scale insects". Annual Review of Entomology. 42: 23–50. doi:10.1146/annurev.ento.42.1.23. PMID 15012306.
  3. ^ Bambaradeniya, Channa N. B. (2006). The Fauna of Sri Lanka: Status of Taxonomy, Research, and Conservation. IUCN. ISBN 9789558177518. Retrieved 23 January 2016.
  4. ^ "Diaphorocoris punctatissimus (Kirby)". plazi.org. Retrieved 1 November 2017.
  5. ^ Heiss, E; Baňař, P (2013). "New apterous Carventinae from Sri Lanka and Southern India (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Aradidae)". Zootaxa. 3647 (3): 488–94. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3647.3.6. PMID 26295121.
  6. ^ "Distribution and Host Range of Paracoccus marginatus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in Batticaloa District, Sri Lanka". repository.kln.ac.lk. Retrieved 1 November 2017.
  7. ^ "Identification of Rastrococcus rubellus Williams (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on mango: a new record to Sri Lanka". cabdirect.org. Retrieved 1 November 2017.
  8. ^ "First record of new exotic Mealybug species, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley, 1898 (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), its Host range and abundance in the Eastern Sri Lanka" (PDF). Eastern University of Sri Lanka. Retrieved 1 November 2017.
  9. ^ "Occurrence, distribution and control of papaya mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), an invasive alien pest in Sri Lanka" (PDF). Eastern University of Sri Lanka. Retrieved 1 November 2017.
  10. ^ "Mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) species on economically important fruit crops in Sri Lanka". Research Gate. Retrieved 1 November 2017.
  11. ^ Sirisena, U.G.A.I.; Watson, G.W.; Hemachandra, K.S.; Wijayagunasekara, H.N.P. (2015). "Mealybugs species on economically important fruit crops in Sri Lanka". Tropical Agricultural Research. 25: 69. doi:10.4038/tar.v25i1.8031.
  12. ^ Price, BW; Allan, EL; Marathe, K; Sarkar, V; Simon, C; Kunte, K (2016). "The cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) of India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Myanmar, Nepal and Sri Lanka: an annotated provisional catalogue, regional checklist and bibliography". Biodivers Data J. 4 (4): e8051. doi:10.3897/BDJ.4.e8051. PMC 5018104. PMID 27660527.
  13. ^ Chopra, N.P.; Rustagi, K.B. (1982). "The subfamily Chauliopinae of India and Sri Lanka (Hemiptera : Malcidae)". Oriental Insects. 16: 19–28. doi:10.1080/00305316.1982.10434324.
  14. ^ David, B. Vasantharaj; Kumar Dubey, Anil (2008). "Aleyrodid (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) fauna of Sri Lanka with description of a new species". Oriental Insects. 42: 349–358. doi:10.1080/00305316.2008.10417560. S2CID 84970994.
  15. ^ Sirisena, U. G. A. I; Watson, G. W; Hemachandra, K. S; Wijayagunasekara, H. N. P (2016). "Diversity of Soft Scale Insects (Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, Coccoidea) in Sri Lanka". Arthropod Diversity and Conservation in the Tropics and Sub-tropics. link.springer.com. pp. 285–295. doi:10.1007/978-981-10-1518-2_17. ISBN 978-981-10-1517-5.
  16. ^ "Provisional Checklist of the Leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in Sri Lanka". Retrieved 1 November 2017.
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