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List of dipterans of Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka is a tropical island situated close to the southern tip of India. The invertebrate fauna is as large as it is common to other regions of the world. There are about 2 million species of arthropods found in the world, and more are still being discovered to this day. This makes it very complicated and difficult to summarize the exact number of species found within a certain region.

This is a list of the dipterans found from Sri Lanka.

Fly

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Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Diptera

Diptera is a large order containing an estimated 1,000,000 species of mosquitoes, horseflies,[a]

Mosquitoes (Culicidae) are vectors for malaria, dengue, West Nile virus, yellow fever, encephalitis, and other infectious diseases. Houseflies spread food-borne illnesses. Larger flies such as tsetse fly and screwworm cause significant economic harm to cattle.[1] Well over 3,500 species of mosquitoes were found and described, and new species are about to discover.[2] Sri Lanka is home to 131 species of mosquitoes that included to 16 genera with 17 endemic species.[3][4][5]

Blowfly larvae, known as gentles, and other dipteran larvae, known more generally as maggots, are used as fishing bait and as food for carnivorous animals. In medical debridement, wounds are cleaned using maggots.

The exact number of species confined to the country is very difficult to note down, due to few researchers and publications of papers focusing them.[6] Most of the cited references are from way back in 1900s, and very few are from 2010 revisions.[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] In 2020, two stalk-eyed flies were described from Pundaluoya and Udawattakele.[15]

There are more than 1,341 dipterans found in the island, which earns fourth largest insect order found.[16]

Family: Acroceridae - Spider flies

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Family: Agromyzidae - Leaf-miner flies

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Family: Anisopodidae - Wood gnats

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Family: Anthomyiidae - Root-maggot flies

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Family: Asilidae - Robber flies

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Family: Asteiidae - Asteiid flies

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Family: Athericidae - Ibis flies

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Family: Blephariceridae - Net-winged midges

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Family: Bombyliidae - Bee flies

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Family: Bibionidae - March flies

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Family: Calliphoridae - Blow flies

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Family: Canacidae - Surge flies

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Family: Cecidomyiidae - Gall midges

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Family: Celyphidae - Beetle flies

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Family: Ceratopogonidae - Biting midges

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Family: Chamaemyiidae - Silver flies

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Family: Chaoboridae - Phantom midges

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Family: Chironomidae - Nonbiting midges

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Family: Chloropidae - Eye flies

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Family: Clusiidae - Druid flies

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Family: Conopidae - Thick-headed flies

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Family: Cryptochetidae

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Family: Cypselosomatidae

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Family: Culicidae - Mosquitoes

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Main article: List of mosquitoes of Sri Lanka

Family: Curtonotidae - Quasimodo flies

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Family: Diopsidae - Stalk-eyed flies

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Family: Dixidae - Meniscus midges

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Family: Dolichopodidae - Long-legged flies

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Family: Drosophilidae - Fruit flies

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Family: Empididae - Balloon flies

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Family: Ephydridae - Shore flies

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Family: Fanniidae - Little house flies

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Family: Hippoboscidae - Louse flies

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Family: Hybotidae - Dance flies

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Family: Lauxaniidae

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Family: Keroplatidae - Fungus gnats

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Family: Limoniidae - Limoniid crane flies

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Family: Lonchaeidae - Lance flies

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Family: Lygistorrhinidae

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Family: Micropezidae - Stilt-legged flies

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Family: Milichiidae - Freeloader flies

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Family: Muscidae - House flies

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Family: Mycetophilidae - Fungus gnats

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Family: Mydidae - Mydas flies

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Family: Nemestrinidae - Tangle-veined flies

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Family: Neriidae - Stilt-legged flies

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Family: Nycteribiidae - Bat flies

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Family: Pachyneuridae

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Family: Periscelididae

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Family: Phoridae - Scuttle flies

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Family: Pipunculidae - Big-headed flies

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Family: Platypezidae - Flat-footed flies

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Family: Platystomatidae - Signal flies

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Family: Psilidae - Rust flies

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Family: Psychodidae - Moth flies

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Family: Pyrgotidae - Picture-winged flies

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Family: Rhagionidae - Snipe flies

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Family: Rhiniidae

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Family: Rhinophoridae - Woodlouse flies

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Family: Sarcophagidae - Flesh flies

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Family: Sciaridae - Dark-winged fungus gnats

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Family: Scathophagidae - Dung flies

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Family: Scatopsidae - Dung midges

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Family: Scenopinidae - Window flies

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Family: Sciaridae - Dark-winged fungus gnats

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Family: Sciomyzidae - Marsh flies

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Family: Sepsidae - Black scavenger flies

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Family: Simuliidae - Black flies

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Family: Sphaeroceridae - Lesser dung flies

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Family: Stratiomyidae - Soldier flies

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Family: Streblidae - Streblid bat flies

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Family: Syrphidae - Hoverflies

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Family: Tabanidae - Horseflies

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Family: Tachinidae - Tachina flies

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Family: Tephritidae - Fruit flies

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Family: Therevidae - Stiletto flies

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Family: Tipulidae - Crane flies

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Family: Ulidiidae - picture-winged flies

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Family: Xylomyidae - Wood soldier flies

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Family: Xylophagidae - Awl-flies

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Notes

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  1. ^ Some authors draw a distinction in writing the common names of insects. True flies are in their view best written as two words, such as crane fly, robber fly, bee fly, moth fly, and fruit fly.

References

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  1. ^ "(Diptera: Culicidae) of Sri Lanka" (PDF). University of Kelaniya. Retrieved 25 May 2016.[permanent dead link]
  2. ^ "Molecular studies of Anopheles culicifacies (Diptera: Culicidae) in Sri Lanka". University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka. Retrieved 25 May 2016.
  3. ^ Jayasekara, Nalini; Chelliah, Robert V. "An annotated checklist of mosquitoes of Sri Lanka" (PDF). National Science Council of Sri Lanka. thakshana.nsf.ac.lk. p. 16. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 June 2016. Retrieved 25 May 2016.
  4. ^ "Observation on the mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) of Udawattakele forest, Sri Lanka". National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka. Amaresinghe, F.P. Retrieved 25 May 2016.
  5. ^ Jeyanthini, P.; Vinobaba, M. (6 July 2013). "Feeding preference of the predatory larvae of genus Lutzia". South Eastern University of Sri Lanka. Retrieved 26 May 2016.
  6. ^ Grimaldi, David (July 1988). "Drosophila (Hirtodrosophila) chandleri (Diptera: Drosophilidae) a New Species from Sri Lanka with Broad-Headed Males". Journal of the New York Entomological Society. 96 (3): 323–326. JSTOR 25009694.
  7. ^ "Parasitoids of Liriomyza sativae in Mid country of Sri Lanka" (PDF). Tropical agricultural research. Retrieved 26 May 2016.
  8. ^ Davies, D. M.; Györkös, H. (June 1987). "The Simuliidae (Diptera) of Sri Lanka". Canadian Journal of Zoology. 65 (6). nrcresearchpress.com: 1483–1502. doi:10.1139/z87-231. Retrieved 26 May 2016.
  9. ^ "A new species of Damalis FABRICIUS from Sri Lanka (Diptera: Asilidae)". Studia Dipterologica 4(1): 197-200. Retrieved 26 May 2016.
  10. ^ "Description of sandfly (diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) species from Sri Lanka". repo.lib.jfn.ac.lk. Retrieved 26 May 2016.
  11. ^ "New species and new collections of Ceratopogonidae Diptera From Sri lanka". 1982. Retrieved 26 May 2016.
  12. ^ Hauser, Martin; Rozkošný, Rudolf (1999). "An annotated list of Stratiomyidae (Diptera) from Sri Lanka with taxonomic notes on some genera". Masaryk University. Retrieved 26 May 2016.
  13. ^ "Studies on fruit fly infestation in banana cultivars in Sri Lanka" (PDF). Annals of the Sri Lanka Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 26 May 2016.
  14. ^ "Siphunculina species". ZipcodeZoo. Retrieved 26 May 2016.
  15. ^ Feijen, Hans R.; Feijen, Cobi (2020-06-07). "A revision of the genus Teleopsis Rondani (Diptera, Diopsidae) in Sri Lanka with descriptions of two new species and a review of the other stalk-eyed flies from the island". ZooKeys (946): 113–151. doi:10.3897/zookeys.946.53108. PMC 7358254. PMID 32728342. Retrieved 2021-08-22.
  16. ^ Bambaradeniya, Channa N. B. (2006). The Fauna of Sri Lanka: Status of Taxonomy, Research, and Conservation. ISBN 9789558177518. Retrieved 23 January 2016.
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