Wikipedia

List of Santalales of South Africa

Santalales is an order of flowering plants. Many of the members of the order are parasitic plants, mostly hemiparasites, able to produce sugars through photosynthesis, but tapping the stems or roots of other plants to obtain water and minerals, though some are obligate parasites, with low concentrations of chlorophyll and derive the majority of their sustenance from their hosts' vascular tissues. Most have seeds without testae (seed coats), which is unusual for flowering plants.

The anthophytes are a grouping of plant taxa bearing flower-like reproductive structures. They were formerly thought to be a clade comprising plants bearing flower-like structures. The group contained the angiosperms - the extant flowering plants, such as roses and grasses - as well as the Gnetales and the extinct Bennettitales.[1]

23,420 species of vascular plant have been recorded in South Africa, making it the sixth most species-rich country in the world and the most species-rich country on the African continent. Of these, 153 species are considered to be threatened.[2] Nine biomes have been described in South Africa: Fynbos, Succulent Karoo, desert, Nama Karoo, grassland, savanna, Albany thickets, the Indian Ocean coastal belt, and forests.[3]

The 2018 South African National Biodiversity Institute's National Biodiversity Assessment plant checklist lists 35,130 taxa in the phyla Anthocerotophyta (hornworts (6)), Anthophyta (flowering plants (33534)), Bryophyta (mosses (685)), Cycadophyta (cycads (42)), Lycopodiophyta (Lycophytes(45)), Marchantiophyta (liverworts (376)), Pinophyta (conifers (33)), and Pteridophyta (cryptogams (408)).[4]

Three families are represented in the literature. Listed taxa include species, subspecies, varieties, and forms as recorded, some of which have subsequently been allocated to other taxa as synonyms, in which cases the accepted taxon is appended to the listing. Multiple entries under alternative names reflect taxonomic revision over time.

Loranthaceae

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Family: Loranthaceae,[4]

Actinanthella

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Genus Actinanthella:[4]

Agelanthus

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Genus Agelanthus:[4]

Erianthemum

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Genus Erianthemum:[4]

Helixanthera

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Genus Helixanthera:[4]

Loranthus

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Genus Loranthus:[4]

Moquinia

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Genus Moquinia:[4]

Moquiniella

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Genus Moquiniella:[4]

Odontella

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Genus Odontella:[4]

Oncocalyx

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Genus Oncocalyx:[4]

Pedistylis

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Genus Pedistylis:[4]

Plicosepalus

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Genus Plicosepalus:[4]

Septulina

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Genus Septulina:[4]

Tapinanthus

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Genus Tapinanthus:[4]

Tieghemia

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Genus Tieghemia:[4]

Vanwykia

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Genus Vanwykia:[4]

Olacaceae

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Family: Olacaceae,[4]

Olax

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Genus Olax:[4]

Ximenia

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Genus Ximenia:[4]

  • Ximenia americana L. indigenous
    • Ximenia americana L. var. microphylla Welw. ex Oliv. indigenous
  • Ximenia caffra Sond. indigenous
    • Ximenia caffra Sond. var. caffra, indigenous
    • Ximenia caffra Sond. var. natalensis Sond. indigenous

Santalaceae

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Family: Santalaceae,[4]

Colpoon

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Genus Colpoon:[4]

Lacomucinaea

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Genus Lacomucinaea:[4]

Osyridicarpos

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Genus Osyridicarpos:[4]

Osyris

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Genus Osyris:[4]

Rhoiacarpos

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Genus Rhoiacarpos:[4]

Thesidium

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Genus Thesidium:[4]

Thesium

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Genus Thesium:[4]

Viscum

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Genus Viscum:[4]

References

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  1. ^ Doyle, J. A.; Donoghue, M. J. (1986). "Seed plant phylogeny and the origin of the angiosperms - an experimental cladistic approach". Botanical Review. 52 (4): 321–431. doi:10.1007/bf02861082.
  2. ^ Butler, Rhett A. (1 July 2019). "Total number of plant species by country". Mongabay. Retrieved 21 July 2019.
  3. ^ "Vegetation of South Africa". PlantZAfrica.com. SA National Biodiversity Institute. Retrieved 24 July 2019.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac "species_checklist_20180710.csv". South African National Biodiversity Institute. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
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