The 1998 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XVIII Olympic Winter Games, was a winter multi-sport event held in Nagano, Japan, from 7 to 22 February 1998.[1] A total of 2,176 athletes representing 72 National Olympic Committees (NOCs) participated in the Games in 68 events across 14 disciplines.[2]
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The discipline of snowboarding made its debut, with four events contested, two for men and two for women.[3] Additionally, the Olympic program saw the addition of a women's tournament in ice hockey, the first time that women had participated in that sport in Olympic history.[4] At the time, it was believed that curling made its debut as a medal event, having been a demonstration sport three times at the 1932, 1988, and 1992 Winter Olympics;[5] however, in 2006, the International Olympic Committee ruled that the 1924 Olympic tournament in Chamonix, France, had been an official medal event,[6] retroactively making the Nagano tournament the second time curling has been contested for official medals.[5]
Germany won the most medals, with 29, and the most gold medals, with 12. Norway finished second in both tallies, with 10 gold medals and 25 medals of all colors. Of the 72 NOCs to participate at Nagano, 24 won at least one medal, 15 of those won at least one gold medal.[7] Denmark, participating in a Winter Olympic Games for the ninth time, won its first-ever medal at a Winter Olympics.[8][9] Bulgaria and the Czech Republic won their first Winter Olympic gold medals in Nagano. The Czech Republic had previously won two gold medals as part of Czechoslovakia,[10] and Bulgaria had won a bronze medal in the 1980 Winter Olympics.[11]
Larisa Lazutina of Russia won five medals, the most of any competitor; she won three golds, a silver, and a bronze medal in cross-country skiing, winning a medal in every women's event in her sport.[12] Norwegian cross-country skier Bjørn Dæhlie won four medals, including three golds. A further nine competitors earned three medals apiece, with forty-seven total individuals winning multiple medals.[13]
Alpine skiing edit
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| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| Men's downhill[14] |
Jean-Luc Crétier France
|
Lasse Kjus Norway
|
Hannes Trinkl Austria
|
| Men's slalom[15] |
Hans Petter Buraas Norway
|
Ole Kristian Furuseth Norway
|
Thomas Sykora Austria
|
| Men's giant slalom[16] |
Hermann Maier Austria
|
Stephan Eberharter Austria
|
Michael von Grünigen Switzerland
|
| Men's super-G[17] |
Hermann Maier Austria
|
Didier Cuche Switzerland
|
None awarded[a] |
| Hans Knauß Austria
| |||
| Men's combined[18] |
Mario Reiter Austria
|
Lasse Kjus Norway
|
Christian Mayer Austria
|
| Women's downhill[19] |
Katja Seizinger Germany
|
Pernilla Wiberg Sweden
|
Florence Masnada France
|
| Women's slalom[20] |
Hilde Gerg Germany
|
Deborah Compagnoni Italy
|
Zali Steggall Australia
|
| Women's giant slalom[21] |
Deborah Compagnoni Italy
|
Alexandra Meissnitzer Austria
|
Katja Seizinger Germany
|
| Women's super-G[22] |
Picabo Street United States
|
Michaela Dorfmeister Austria
|
Alexandra Meissnitzer Austria
|
| Women's combined[23] |
Katja Seizinger Germany
|
Martina Ertl Germany
|
Hilde Gerg Germany
|
Biathlon edit
.JPG)
| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| Men's 20 km[24] |
Halvard Hanevold Norway
|
Pieralberto Carrara Italy
|
Alexei Aidarov Belarus
|
| Men's 10 km[25] |
Ole Einar Bjørndalen Norway
|
Frode Andresen Norway
|
Ville Räikkönen Finland
|
| Men's 4 × 7.5 km |
 Germany (GER)[26]Ricco Groß Peter Sendel Sven Fischer Frank Luck |
 Norway (NOR)[27]Egil Gjelland Halvard Hanevold Dag Bjørndalen Ole Einar Bjørndalen |
 Russia (RUS)[28]Pavel Muslimov Vladimir Drachev Sergei Tarasov Viktor Maigourov |
| Women's 15 km[29] |
Ekaterina Dafovska Bulgaria
|
Olena Petrova Ukraine
|
Uschi Disl Germany
|
| Women's 7.5 km[30] |
Galina Koukleva Russia
|
Uschi Disl Germany
|
Katrin Apel Germany
|
| Women's 4 × 7.5 km |
Germany (GER)[26] Uschi Disl Martina Zellner Katrin Apel Petra Behle |
Russia (RUS)[28] Olga Melnik Galina Koukleva Albina Akhatova Olga Romasko |
Norway (NOR)[27] Ann-Elen Skjelbreid Annette Sikveland Gunn Margit Andreassen Liv Grete Skjelbreid Poirée |
Bobsleigh edit
| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| Two-man |
 Canada (CAN)[31]Pierre Lueders David MacEachern |
none awarded[b] | Germany (GER)[32] Christoph Langen Markus Zimmermann |
 Italy (ITA)[33]Günther Huber Antonio Tartaglia | |||
| Four-man |
Germany (GER)[32] Christoph Langen Markus Zimmermann Marco Jakobs Olaf Hampel |
 Switzerland (SUI)[34]Marcel Rohner Markus Nüssli Markus Wasser Beat Seitz |
 France (FRA)[35]Bruno Mingeon Emmanuel Hostache Éric Le Chanony Max Robert |
 Great Britain (GBR)[36]Sean Olsson Dean Ward Courtney Rumbolt Paul Attwood |
Cross-country skiing edit
Curling edit
Figure skating edit
| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| Men's singles[54] |
Ilia Kulik Russia
|
Elvis Stojko Canada
|
Philippe Candeloro France
|
| Ladies' singles[55] |
Tara Lipinski United States
|
Michelle Kwan United States
|
Chen Lu China
|
| Pairs |
Russia (RUS)[56] Oksana Kazakova Artur Dmitriev |
Russia (RUS)[56] Elena Berezhnaya Anton Sikharulidze |
Germany (GER)[57] Mandy Wötzel Ingo Steuer |
| Ice dancing |
Russia (RUS)[56] Pasha Grishuk Evgeny Platov |
Russia (RUS)[56] Anjelika Krylova Oleg Ovsyannikov |
France (FRA)[58] Marina Anissina Gwendal Peizerat |
Freestyle skiing edit
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| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| Men's moguls[59] |
Jonny Moseley United States
|
Janne Lahtela Finland
|
Sami Mustonen Finland
|
| Men's aerials[60] |
Eric Bergoust United States
|
Sébastien Foucras France
|
Dmitri Dashinski Belarus
|
| Women's moguls[61] |
Tae Satoya Japan
|
Tatjana Mittermayer Germany
|
Kari Traa Norway
|
| Women's aerials[62] |
Nikki Stone United States
|
Xu Nannan China
|
Colette Brand Switzerland
|
Ice hockey edit
Luge edit
| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| Men's singles[68] |
Georg Hackl Germany
|
Armin Zöggeler Italy
|
Jens Müller Germany
|
| Women's singles[69] |
Silke Kraushaar Germany
|
Barbara Niedernhuber Germany
|
Angelika Neuner Austria
|
| Men's doubles |
Stefan Krauße and Jan Behrendt Germany[70]
|
Chris Thorpe and Gordon Sheer United States[71]
|
Mark Grimmette and Brian Martin United States[71]
|
Nordic combined edit
| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| Individual[72] |
Bjarte Engen Vik Norway
|
Samppa Lajunen Finland
|
Valeri Stolyarov Russia
|
| Team |
Norway (NOR)[73] Halldor Skard Kenneth Braaten Bjarte Engen Vik Fred Børre Lundberg |
 Finland (FIN)[74]Samppa Lajunen Jari Mantila Tapio Nurmela Hannu Manninen |
France (FRA)[75] Sylvain Guillaume Nicolas Bal Ludovic Roux Fabrice Guy |
Short track speed skating edit
| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| Men's 500 m[76] |
Takafumi Nishitani Japan
|
An Yulong China
|
Hitoshi Uematsu Japan
|
| Men's 1,000 m[77] |
Kim Dong-sung South Korea
|
Li Jiajun China
|
Éric Bédard Canada
|
| Men's 5,000 m relay |
Canada (CAN)[78] Éric Bédard Derrick Campbell François Drolet Marc Gagnon |
 South Korea (KOR)[79]Chae Ji-hoon Lee Jun-hwan Lee Ho-eung Kim Dong-sung |
 China (CHN)[80]Li Jiajun Feng Kai Yuan Ye An Yulong |
| Women's 500 m[81] |
Annie Perreault Canada
|
Yang Yang (S) China
|
Chun Lee-kyung South Korea
|
| Women's 1,000 m[82] |
Chun Lee-kyung South Korea
|
Yang Yang (S) China
|
Won Hye-kyung South Korea
|
| Women's 3,000 m relay |
South Korea (KOR)[79] Chun Lee-kyung Won Hye-kyung An Sang-mi Kim Yun-mi |
China (CHN)[80] Yang Yang (A) Yang Yang (S) Wang Chunlu Sun Dandan |
Canada (CAN)[78] Christine Boudrias Isabelle Charest Annie Perreault Tania Vicent |
Ski jumping edit
| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| Individual, normal hill[83] |
Jani Soininen Finland
|
Kazuyoshi Funaki Japan
|
Andreas Widhölzl Austria
|
| Individual, large hill[84] |
Kazuyoshi Funaki Japan
|
Jani Soininen Finland
|
Masahiko Harada Japan
|
| Team |
Japan (JPN)[85] Takanobu Okabe Hiroya Saitō Masahiko Harada Kazuyoshi Funaki |
Germany (GER)[86] Sven Hannawald Martin Schmitt Hansjörg Jäkle Dieter Thoma |
 Austria (AUT)[87]Reinhard Schwarzenberger Martin Höllwarth Stefan Horngacher Andreas Widhölzl |
Snowboarding edit
| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| Men's halfpipe[88] |
Gian Simmen Switzerland
|
Daniel Franck Norway
|
Ross Powers United States
|
| Men's giant slalom[89] |
Ross Rebagliati Canada
|
Thomas Prugger Italy
|
Ueli Kestenholz Switzerland
|
| Women's halfpipe[90] |
Nicola Thost Germany
|
Stine Brun Kjeldaas Norway
|
Shannon Dunn-Downing United States
|
| Women's giant slalom[91] |
Karine Ruby France
|
Heidi Maria Renoth Germany
|
Brigitte Köck Austria
|
Speed skating edit
.jpg)
| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| Men's 500 m[92] |
Hiroyasu Shimizu Japan
|
Jeremy Wotherspoon Canada
|
Kevin Overland Canada
|
| Men's 1,000 m[93] |
Ids Postma Netherlands
|
Jan Bos Netherlands
|
Hiroyasu Shimizu Japan
|
| Men's 1,500 m[94] |
Ådne Søndrål Norway
|
Ids Postma Netherlands
|
Rintje Ritsma Netherlands
|
| Men's 5,000 m[95] |
Gianni Romme Netherlands
|
Rintje Ritsma Netherlands
|
Bart Veldkamp Belgium
|
| Men's 10,000 m[96] |
Gianni Romme Netherlands
|
Bob de Jong Netherlands
|
Rintje Ritsma Netherlands
|
| Women's 500 m[97] |
Catriona Le May Doan Canada
|
Susan Auch Canada
|
Tomomi Okazaki Japan
|
| Women's 1,000 m[98] |
Marianne Timmer Netherlands
|
Christine Witty United States
|
Catriona Le May Doan Canada
|
| Women's 1,500 m[99] |
Marianne Timmer Netherlands
|
Gunda Niemann-Stirnemann Germany
|
Christine Witty United States
|
| Women's 3,000 m[100] |
Gunda Niemann-Stirnemann Germany
|
Claudia Pechstein Germany
|
Anni Friesinger Germany
|
| Women's 5,000 m[101] |
Claudia Pechstein Germany
|
Gunda Niemann-Stirnemann Germany
|
Lyudmila Prokasheva Kazakhstan
|
Multiple medalists edit
Athletes who won three or more medals during the 1998 Winter Olympics are listed below.[13]
| Athlete | Nation | Sport | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Larisa Lazutina | Russia (RUS)
|
Cross-country skiing | 3 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| Bjørn Dæhlie | Norway (NOR)
|
Cross-country skiing | 3 | 1 | 0 | 4 |
| Olga Danilova | Russia (RUS)
|
Cross-country skiing | 2 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
| Kazuyoshi Funaki | Japan (JPN)
|
Ski jumping | 2 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
| Chun Lee-kyung | South Korea (KOR)
|
Short track speed skating | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 |
| Katja Seizinger | Germany (GER)
|
Alpine skiing | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 |
| Gunda Niemann-Stirnemann | Germany (GER)
|
Speed skating | 1 | 2 | 0 | 3 |
| Uschi Disl | Germany (GER)
|
Biathlon | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| Mika Myllylä | Finland (FIN)
|
Cross-country skiing | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
| Yang Yang (S) | China (CHN)
|
Short track speed skating | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| Rintje Ritsma |  Netherlands (NED)
|
Short track speed skating | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
Notes edit
See also edit
References edit
- ^ The Organizing Committee for the XVIII Olympic Winter Games, Nagano 1998 (1998). The XVIII Olympic Winter Games Official Report – Volume I (PDF). Nagano, Japan: LA84 Foundation. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 May 2010. Retrieved 18 January 2010.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ "Nagano 1998 Winter Olympics – results & video highlights". International Olympic Committee. Archived from the original on 1 September 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ Litsky, Frank (1 February 1998). "Nagano '98; Snowboarding". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 27 May 2015. Retrieved 20 January 2018.
- ^ Walker, Teresa (5 January 2018). "Canadian women know what's expected in hockey". South Bend Tribune. Retrieved 20 January 2018.
- ^ a b Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Curling at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 7 July 2017. Retrieved 20 January 2018.
- ^ "Scotland Wins an Olympic Gold... 82 Years Later". The Herald. Glasgow, Scotland. 23 January 2006. p. 16.
- ^ "1998 Medal Count". CNN Sports Illustrated. Archived from the original on 29 June 2011. Retrieved 20 January 2018.
- ^ "Denmark and the Olympic Games". denmark.dk. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark. Archived from the original on 6 July 2017. Retrieved 20 January 2018.
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Denmark". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 9 June 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ Druzin, Randi (23 February 1998). "The XVIII Winter Games: Ice Hockey; In Prague, 70,000 Fans Gather to Savor Moment". The New York Times. Retrieved 20 January 2018.
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Bulgaria". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 13 June 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ Grasso, John; Mallon, Bill (2015). Historical Dictionary of the Olympic Movement (5th ed.). Rowman & Littlefield. p. 331. ISBN 978-1442248595.
- ^ a b Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "1998 Nagano Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 12 July 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Alpine Skiing at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games: Men's Downhill". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 4 July 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Alpine Skiing at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games: Men's Slalom". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 2 July 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Alpine Skiing at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games: Men's Giant Slalom". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 30 June 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ a b Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Alpine Skiing at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games: Men's Super-G". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 4 July 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Alpine Skiing at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games: Men's Combined". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 4 July 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Alpine Skiing at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games: Women's Downhill". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 1 July 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Alpine Skiing at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games: Women's Slalom". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 2 January 2018. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Alpine Skiing at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games: Women's Giant Slalom". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 30 June 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Alpine Skiing at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games: Women's Super-G". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 1 July 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Alpine Skiing at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games: Women's Combined". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 1 July 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Biathlon at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games: Men's 20 kilometres". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 2 July 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Biathlon at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games: Men's 10 kilometres Sprint". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 2 July 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ a b Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Germany Biathlon at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 10 July 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ a b Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Norway Biathlon at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 9 July 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ a b Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Russia Biathlon at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 10 July 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Biathlon at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games: Women's 15 kilometres". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Biathlon at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games: Women's 7.5 kilometres Sprint". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 5 July 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Canada Bobsleigh at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 2 July 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ a b Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Germany Bobsleigh at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 30 June 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Italy Bobsleigh at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 3 July 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Switzerland Bobsleigh at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 1 July 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "France Bobsleigh at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 30 June 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Great Britain Bobsleigh at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 3 July 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Cross Country Skiing at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games: Men's 10 kilometres". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 10 June 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Cross Country Skiing at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games: Men's 10/15 kilometres Pursuit". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 14 June 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Cross Country Skiing at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games: Men's 30 kilometres". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 12 June 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Cross Country Skiing at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games: Men's 50 kilometres". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 13 June 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ a b Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Norway Cross Country Skiing at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 10 June 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ a b Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Italy Cross Country Skiing at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 13 June 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Finland Cross Country Skiing at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 10 June 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Cross Country Skiing at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games: Women's 5 kilometres". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 9 June 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Cross Country Skiing at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games: Women's 5/10 kilometres Pursuit". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 16 August 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Cross Country Skiing at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games: Women's 15 kilometres". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 9 June 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Cross Country Skiing at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games: Women's 30 kilometres". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 9 June 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Russia Cross Country Skiing at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 9 June 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Switzerland Curling at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 30 June 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ a b Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Canada Curling at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 4 July 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Norway Curling at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 30 June 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Denmark Curling at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 5 July 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Sweden Curling at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 2 July 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Figure Skating at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games: Men's Singles". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 9 July 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
- ^ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Figure Skating at the 1998 Nagano Winter Games: Women's Singles". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 10 June 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
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External links edit
- "Nagano 1998". Olympics.com. International Olympic Committee.