Lighthill's eighth power law

In aeroacoustics, Lighthill's eighth power law states that power of the sound created by a turbulent motion, far from the turbulence, is proportional to eighth power of the characteristic turbulent velocity, derived by Sir James Lighthill in 1952.[1][2] This is used to calculate the total acoustic power of the jet noise. The law reads as

where

  • is the acoustic power in the far-field,
  • is the proportionality constant (or Lighthill's constant),
  • is the uniform fluid density,
  • is the speed of sound,
  • is the characteristic length scale of the turbulent source and
  • is the characteristic velocity scale of the turbulent source.

The eighth power is experimentally verified and found to be accurate for low speed flows, i.e., Mach number is small, . And also, the source has to be compact to apply this law.

References

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  1. ^ Lighthill, M. J. (1952, March). On sound generated aerodynamically I. General theory. In Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A (Vol. 211, No. 1107, pp. 564–587). The Royal Society.
  2. ^ Lighthill, M. J. (1954, February). On sound generated aerodynamically. II. Turbulence as a source of sound. In Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A (Vol. 222, No. 1148, pp. 1–32).