Kurt Hermann[1] Tiedke (30 May 1924 – 15 April 2015) was a German university professor, politician and party functionary of the Socialist Unity Party (SED).
Kurt Tiedke | |||||||||||||
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 Tiedke in 1982 | |||||||||||||
| Principal of the "Karl Marx" Party Academy | |||||||||||||
| In office 23 June 1983 – 14 November 1989 | |||||||||||||
| First Deputy |
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| Preceded by | Hanna Wolf | ||||||||||||
| Succeeded by | Götz Dieckmann | ||||||||||||
| First Secretary of the Socialist Unity Party in Bezirk Magdeburg | |||||||||||||
| In office 11 February 1979 – 22 June 1983 | |||||||||||||
| Second Secretary |
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| Preceded by | Alois Pisnik | ||||||||||||
| Succeeded by | Werner Eberlein | ||||||||||||
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| Personal details | |||||||||||||
| Born | Kurt Hermann Tiedke 30 May 1924 Krebsfelde, Free City of Danzig (now Rakowiska, Poland) | ||||||||||||
| Died | 15 April 2015 (aged 90) | ||||||||||||
| Political party | Party of Democratic Socialism (1989–1990) | ||||||||||||
| Other political affiliations | Socialist Unity Party (1948–1989) | ||||||||||||
| Alma mater | |||||||||||||
| Occupation |
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| Awards |
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Central institution membership
Other offices held
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A teacher at the SED's "Karl Marx" Party Academy in the 1950s, he was the longtime head of the Propaganda Department of the Central Committee of the SED before briefly serving as First Secretary of the Bezirk Magdeburg SED, also becoming a member of the National Defense Council of the GDR.
He returned to the party academy in 1983 as principal upon the retirement of Hanna Wolf. Until until his ouster during the Peaceful Revolution, Tiedke steadfastly held onto the SED's hardline stance.
Life and career
editEarly career
editTiedke was born as the son of a carpenter and, like the majority of boys, was a member of the Hitler Youth, reaching the rank of Oberrottenführer. He subsequently began an apprenticeship as surveyor in Tiegenhof. At the age of 18, he was conscripted into the Reich Labor Service and later into the Wehrmacht.[2][3]
While in Soviet captivity, he attended an anti-fascist school and, after returning to Germany in 1948,[3] joined the ruling Socialist Unity Party (SED). He began a party career in the State of Brandenburg, serving as instructor, cadre department head and finally Second Secretary of the Seelow district SED.[2]
From 1950 to 1951, he was a student and then, until 1960, a teacher at the "Karl Marx" Party Academy (German: Parteihochschule „Karl Marx“) (PHS). After graduating from the CPSU Higher Party School "W. I. Lenin" in Moscow in 1957,[2][3] he was made head of the PHS' CPSU and International Workers' Movement Department.[2]
SED Central Committee
edit
Afterward, he held various senior positions in the apparatus of the Central Committee of the SED. He was initially made deputy head of the Propaganda and Agitation Department in 1961.[2] When the Department was split up later that year,[4][5] he became head of the separated Propaganda Department.[2][5]
Starting in January 1963 (VI. Party Congress), he was a candidate member, and from April 1967 (VII. Party Congress) to its collective resignation in December 1989, a full member of the Central Committee of the SED.[2][3]
Bezirk Magdeburg SED First Secretary
editIn February 1979, Tiedke was elected to the position of the First Secretary of the Bezirk Magdeburg SED, succeeding longtime incumbent Alois Pisnik.[2][3][6][7][8]
Pisnik officially retired for health reasons, but in reality was removed on the instigation of SED General Secretary Erich Honecker and his economic czar Günter Mittag for his repeated criticism of central economic management, especially supply shortages in and undue planning expectations for his Bezirk. Tiedke did not have much of a connection to the Bezirk, but was regarded as loyal.[7]
Tiedke additionally became member of the National Defense Council of the GDR later that year,[2] likely due to the long western border of Bezirk Magdeburg with West Germany, and of the Volkskammer in 1981,[2] nominally representing rural constituencies in his Bezirk, first in the northeast, then in the southwest.[9][10]
Tiedke was awarded the Patriotic Order of Merit in silver in 1964, in gold in 1974 and the Order of Karl Marx in 1984.[2]
Party Academy Principal
edit
In June 1983, he returned to the "Karl Marx" Party Academy, succeeding retiring hardliner Hanna Wolf as principal.[2][3][8][11][12][13]
Though Tiedke represented a generational shift at the leadership of the PHS, he did not introduce ideological changes, adhering strictly to the Marxist–Leninist doctrine. Tiedke did introduce university-style seminars, which he pretended to have invented, calling it the triumph of "modern socialist pedagogy".[8]
Mikhail Gorbachev's election as head of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) and his reform program perestroika and glasnost challenged the SED and the PHS. After ignoring them, party leadership claimed there was no need for any changes in the GDR. As Honecker and Gorbachev increasingly drifted apart in the later half of the 1980s, the PHS loyally supported the hardliners. In his reports to chief party ideologue Kurt Hager, Tiedke claimed that visiting Soviet functionaries were praising the SED and criticizing Gorbachev's reform program.[8]
Peaceful Revolution
editDuring the Peaceful Revolution, the PHS was set to develop an ideological offensive. In May 1989 Hanna Wolf and Wolfgang Schneider published a lengthy article in the party newspaper Neues Deutschland, defending Stalin and attacking glasnost.[8][14]
On 14 November 1989, he was removed from the position of principal.[2] Prorector Götz Dieckmann was installed as his successor, who led the party academy until its dissolution in June 1990.[15]
He was expelled from the SED's successor party, the Party of Democratic Socialism (PDS), in March 1990, after which he operated in the milieu of the German Communist Party (DKP) and its press.[2]
Death
editTiedke passed away in 2015 at the age of 90.[1][2][3]
His two sons held positions in journalism during and after the GDR period.
References
edit- ^ a b "Kurt Hermann Tiedke". trauer.moz.de (in German). Märkische Oderzeitung. 2015-04-18. Retrieved 2024-08-18.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o "Tiedke, Kurt". www.bundesstiftung-aufarbeitung.de. Wer war wer in der DDR? (in German). Federal Foundation for the Reappraisal of the SED Dictatorship. 2009. Retrieved 2024-08-18.
- ^ a b c d e f g "DDR-Politiker Kurt Tiedke gestorben". junge Welt (in German). 2015-04-22. p. 2. Retrieved 2024-08-18.
- ^ Gräfe, Sylvia, ed. (2005). "Abteilung Agitation im ZK der SED". www.argus.bstu.bundesarchiv.de (in German). Berlin: German Federal Archives. Retrieved 2024-08-18.
- ^ a b Horn, Andreas, ed. (2005). "Abteilung Propaganda im ZK der SED". www.argus.bstu.bundesarchiv.de (in German). Berlin: German Federal Archives. Retrieved 2024-08-18.
- ^ "Bezirksleitung Magdeburg der SED (1952 - 1990)". www.bundesarchiv.de. German Federal Archives. 2006. Retrieved 2024-08-18.
- ^ a b Niemann, Mario (2006). "»Vom Standpunkt des Pessimismus jedoch kann man keine erfolgreiche Parteiarbeit organisieren« Die Absetzung des 1. Sekretärs des Bezirks Magdeburg Alois Pisnik im Februar 1979". www.kommunismusgeschichte.de. Jahrbuch für Historische Kommunismusforschung (in German). Aufbau Verlag. pp. 217–236. Retrieved 2024-08-18.
- ^ a b c d e Orlow, Dietrich (2021), Orlow, Dietrich (ed.), "The PHS Under Kurt Tiedke, 1983–1989", The Parteihochschule Karl Marx under Ulbricht and Honecker, 1946-1990: The Perseverance of a Stalinist Institution, Palgrave Studies in Political History, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 49–83, doi:10.1007/978-3-030-70225-0_5, ISBN 978-3-030-70225-0, retrieved 2024-08-18
- ^ Volkskammer der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik 1981-1986 (PDF) (in German). VEB Staatsverlag der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik. 1981. p. 37. Retrieved 2024-08-18.
- ^ Volkskammer der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik 1986-1990 (PDF) (in German). VEB Staatsverlag der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik. 1986. p. 38. Retrieved 2024-08-18.
- ^ "Optimismus und Schöpfertum kennzeichnen unser Handeln". www.nd-archiv.de (in German). Neues Deutschland. 1983-06-22. Retrieved 2024-08-18.
- ^ "Neuer Rektor an der Parteihochschule .Karl Marx'". www.nd-archiv.de (in German). Neues Deutschland. 1983-06-23. Retrieved 2024-08-18.
- ^ Horn, Andreas, ed. (2007). "Parteihochschule Karl Marx beim ZK der SED". www.argus.bstu.bundesarchiv.de (in German). Berlin: German Federal Archives. Retrieved 2024-08-18.
- ^ Orlow, Dietrich (2019). "The Last Hurrah: Hanna Wolf's and Wolfgang Schneider's May, 1989 Defense of Stalinism". The International Newsletter of Communist Studies. 24 (31–32): 111–120. ISSN 1862-698X.
- ^ "Dieckmann, Götz". www.bundesstiftung-aufarbeitung.de. Wer war wer in der DDR? (in German). Federal Foundation for the Reappraisal of the SED Dictatorship. 2009. Retrieved 2024-08-18.