Kalb-Ali Khan Kangarlu (Persian: کلبعلی خان کنگرلو) was the khan (governor) of the Nakhichevan Khanate from 1787 to 1809.[1] Since the death of the Iranian king (shah) Nader Shah in 1747, Kalb-Ali's family—which was part of the Kangarlu tribe—had been in control of Nakhichevan. His father, Heydar Qoli Khan, was the one who had established control.[2] The Kangarlu were a branch of the Turkoman Ustajlu tribe, which was part of the Qizilbash tribal confederacy.[3]
Kalb-Ali Khan Kangarlu | |
|---|---|
| Khan of Nakhichevan | |
| In office 1787–1809 | |
| Monarchs | Jafar Khan, Sayed Morad Khan, Lotf Ali Khan, Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar, Fath-Ali Shah Qajar |
| Preceded by | Jafarqoli Khan |
| Succeeded by | Abbasqoli Khan Kangarlu |
| Personal details | |
| Children | Ehsan Khan |
| Parent |
|
| Tribe | Kangarlu |
Following the Treaty of Georgievsk in 1787 between the Russian Empire and the east Georgian kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti, Kalb-Ali tried to establish contact with Russia. This action angered the Qajar king of Iran, Agha Mohammad Khan (r. 1789–1797), who as a result had Kalb-Ali seized and taken to Tehran in 1796, where he was blinded.[4] Another khan, Mohammad Khan Qajar of Erivan, had attempted the same, but his Qajar ancestry saved from the same punishment; he was instead put under house arrest.[5] Following the assassination of Agha Mohammad Khan in 1797, Kalb-Ali went back to Nakhichevan, where he was appointed as its khan by Agha Mohammad Khan's successor, Fath-Ali Shah Qajar (r. 1797–1834).[6] In return, Kalb-Ali supplied Fath-Ali Shah's army with soldiers from the Kangarlu tribe. In 1809, Prince Abbas Mirza annexed Nakhichevan and sent Kalb-Ali to Erivan. In Nakhichevan, he installed Kalb-Ali's sons, Nazar-Ali Beg and Abbas Qoli Agha as his deputies.[1]
References edit
- ^ a b Bournoutian 2021, p. 283.
- ^ Bournoutian 2021, p. 63 (note 18).
- ^ Oberling 2010, p. 495.
- ^ Bournoutian 2021, pp. 258, 283. For information about the treaty, see p. 16.
- ^ Bournoutian 2021, p. 264.
- ^ Bournoutian 2021, p. 283. For information about Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar's death and his succession, see pp. 20–21.
Sources edit
- Bournoutian, George (2021). From the Kur to the Aras: A Military History of Russia's Move into the South Caucasus and the First Russo-Iranian War, 1801–1813. Brill. ISBN 978-9004445154.
- Oberling, P. (2010). "Kangarlu". In Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). Encyclopædia Iranica, Volume XV/5: Ḵamsa of Jamāli–Karim Devona. London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. p. 495. ISBN 978-1-934283-28-8.