Wikipedia

Jurong Region MRT line

"Jurong Region Line" redirects here. For the former railway line in Singapore, see Jurong railway line.

The Jurong Region Line (JRL) is a Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) line under development in Singapore. It will serve the western parts of the country, particularly the new town of Tengah and its surrounding areas. First envisioned as a Light Rail Transit (LRT) line in 2001, it was put on hold throughout the 2000s before its current iteration as a MRT line was confirmed in 2013. The line is set to open in stages from 2027 to 2029.[1][2] It will be the first MRT line to be fully elevated, and the fifth MRT line to be completely automated and driverless.

Jurong Region Line
Logo of Jurong Region Line
Construction site
JRL site at Jurong East station
Overview
Native nameMalay: Laluan Daerah Jurong
Chinese: 裕廊区域线
Tamil: ஜூரோங் வட்டாரப் பாதை
StatusUnder construction
OwnerLand Transport Authority
LocaleSingapore
Termini
Stations24
Service
TypeRapid transit
SystemMass Rapid Transit (Singapore)
Services3
Depot(s)Tengah
Rolling stockHyundai Rotem J151
History
Planned opening
  • 2027 (2027) (Stage 1)
  • 2028 (2028) (Stage 2)
  • 2029 (2029) (Stage 3)
Technical
Line length24 km (15 mi)
CharacterFully elevated
Track gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)
Electrification750 V DC third rail
Route map

Legend
 JS1  NS4  BP1 
■
North–South Line
to Marina South Pier
Choa Chu Kang
■
Bukit Panjang LRT
to Fajar via Petir/Senja
 JS2 
Choa Chu Kang
West
 JS3 
 Tengah
Tengah Plantation
 JE1 
 JS4 
 Hong Kah
Tengah Park
 JE2 
Tengah Depot
Bukit Batok West
 JE3 
Pan Island Expressway
 JS5 
 Corporation
Toh Guan
 JE4 
 JS6 
 Jurong West
 JE5  EW24  NS1 
 JS7 
 Bahar Junction
Jurong East
 JW1 
 Gek Poh
■
East–West Line
to Pasir Ris
Pan Island Expressway
Jurong Town Hall
 JE6 
 JW2 
 Tawas
Ayer Rajah Expressway
 JW3 
 Nanyang Gateway
Pandan Reservoir
 JE7 
 JW4 
 Nanyang Crescent
 EW27 
 Boon Lay
 JS8 
Peng Kang Hill
Stabling Facility
■
East–West Line
to Tuas Link
 JW5 
 Peng Kang Hill
Enterprise
 JS9 
 Tukang
 JS10 
Ayer Rajah Expressway
 Jurong Hill
 JS11 
 Jurong Pier
 JS12 


Disabled access All stations are accessible

This diagram:

The JRL will have 24 stations, serving Choa Chu Kang in the north, Jurong Pier in the south, Peng Kang Hill in the west and Pandan Reservoir in the east. A West Coast extension to Haw Par Villa station, which is a part of the Circle Line, is under consideration. The line is coloured teal on the rail map. It will be the seventh MRT line in Singapore. It will use J151 trains supplied by Hyundai Rotem in a three to four-car formation, and a moving block signalling system supplied by Siemens.

History

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Origins and development

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A white paper released in 1996 showed a light rail line connecting to the Nanyang Technological University (NTU) from Boon Lay station on the East West Line (EWL).[3] An LRT line for the Jurong area was first announced in November 1998 as part of feasibility studies by the Land Transport Authority (LTA),[4] though communications minister Mah Bow Tan said the sustainability of such a project would depend on demand and ridership.[5]

The Jurong Region line (JRL) was formally announced on 23 October 2001 by transport minister Yeo Cheow Tong. The light rail line was planned to serve the residents of Jurong living in areas beyond the EWL alongside the students of NTU.[6][7] However, in May 2008, the project was put on hold due to the lack of financial viability based on passenger demands of the time.[8]

The JRL was included as part of the 2013 Land Transport Masterplan announced by transport minister Lui Tuck Yew in January that year.[9] In addition to new developments in Tengah, the line would serve NTU, Jurong West, Jurong Industrial Estate, West Coast and Choa Chu Kang.[9][10]

Initial phases

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The finalised alignment of the JRL and 24 stations were announced on 9 May 2018.[11][12] Spanning 24 kilometres (15 mi), the JRL would be built in three phases. The first phase, JRL west, consists of ten stations from Choa Chu Kang to Bahar Junction and two branches to Tawas and Boon Lay. The second phase, JRL east, consists of seven stations branching from Tengah to Pandan Reservoir. The final phase comprises seven stations extending the line to NTU and Jurong Pier. These phases were expected to be completed from 2026 to 2028.[13][14] However, the restrictions on construction due to the COVID-19 pandemic has led to delays of the JRL project, with the completion dates pushed by one year.[15]

The alignment, however, was considered confusing by many residents due to its many branches. Plenty of NTU students, while they welcomed the line connection, had commented they would prefer taking a direct bus route when travelling between the school and Boon Lay as they would have to transfer at Bahar Junction. Transport analysts said the finalised alignment was a compromise as the line had to navigate through built-up areas.[16] While the JRL would be an MRT line instead of an LRT, the line would use smaller train carriages that could navigate the tighter curves of the line alignment.[17]

To construct the line, a multi-storey car park in Choa Chu Kang was acquired along with the partial acquisition of 19 land plots, affecting only ancillary features such as green verges and fences.[18][19] The Choa Chu Kang and Jurong East bus interchanges were relocated on 16 December 2018 and 6 December 2020 respectively.[20][21] Pioneer Primary School merged with Juying Primary School in 2022 to facilitate a revised alignment of the line which would run through the former school premises.[22][23]

The first contracts for the construction of JRL stations were awarded in September 2019.[24][25] The contract to construct the line's Tengah Depot was awarded in November 2019,[26] followed by the rolling stock contract in February 2020.[27] The last station contract was awarded in May 2022.[28] Construction of the JRL officially began with a groundbreaking ceremony on 13 January 2023.[29][30][31] In May 2023, the LTA is calling for tenders to appoint operators for the JRL.[32]

West Coast extension

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On 25 August 2015, transport minister Lui announced the possibility of extending the JRL from Pandan Reservoir to connect with the Circle line at Haw Par Villa station via the Pasir Panjang area.[33] The extension would improve connections between the western part of Singapore and the Central Business District.[34][35] If built, the extension would be completed in 2030.[36] As of September 2022, feasibility studies are ongoing.[37][38][39]

Network and operations

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Route

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Geographically accurate map of the Jurong Region MRT line.
 
Pioneer Primary School was acquired to facilitate the construction of viaducts
 
Ongoing works on the site north of Peng Kang Hill station

The 24-kilometre (15 mi) JRL will serve 24 stations in Jurong and the west of Singapore.[40][41] There are four branches: to Choa Chu Kang in the north, Jurong Pier in the south, Pandan Reservoir in the east and Peng Kang Hill in the west.[42] The JRL is a general H-shaped network.[10]

Trains departing from Choa Chu Kang will switchback at Jurong Pier, then run towards Peng Kang Hill. Lastly, trains from Peng Kang Hill will switchback again and heading back to Choa Chu Kang, with Bahar Junction acting as an interchange point for the 3 converging services. The operation method will be similar to the Capital Airport Express in Beijing. Transfer to the east branch can only be done at Tengah.[43]

Feasibility studies for an extension to connect the east branch to the Circle Line at Haw Par Villa are currently ongoing.[44]

Stations

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Notes: Names stated are working names, except for stations that are already opened.

Jurong Region Line stations timeline
Date Project Description
2027 Stage 1 Choa Chu Kang - Boon Lay / Tawas
2028 Stage 2 Tengah - Pandan Reservoir
2029 Stage 3 Enterprise - Jurong Pier & Nanyang Gateway - Peng Kang Hill

Legend

 
Elevated		    
Line terminus		  
Transfer outside paid area
 
Ground-level 		 
Wheelchair accessible 		 
Bus interchange
 
Underground		  
Civil Defence Shelter 		           
Other transportation modes

List

Station code Station name Images Interchange;
Adjacent transportation 		Opening Cost
Stage 1 (under construction, to be ready by 2027)
 JS1  NS4  BP1 
   		 Choa Chu Kang      North–South Line 
   Bukit Panjang LRT 
―
  Choa Chu Kang		 2027;
3 years' time		 S$465.2 million
[45][note 1]
 JS2 
   		 Choa Chu Kang West   —
 JS3 
   		 Tengah      JRL East Branch  (2028)
―
  Tengah
 JS4 
   		 Hong Kah   — S$274.3 million
[46][note 2]
 JS5 
   		 Corporation  
 JS6 
   		 Jurong West   S$210.1 million
[47][note 3]
 JS7 
   		 Bahar Junction      JRL West Branch 
 JS8  EW27 
   		 Boon Lay      East–West Line 
―
  Boon Lay		 S$172.0 million
[48][note 4]
 JW1 
   		 Gek Poh   — S$226.6 million
[48][note 5]
 JW2 
   		 Tawas  
Stage 2 (under construction, to be ready by 2028)
 JE1 
   		 Tengah Plantation   — 2028;
4 years' time		 S$265.4 million
[49][note 6]
 JE2 
   		 Tengah Park  
 JE3 
   		 Bukit Batok West  
 JE4 
   		 Toh Guan   S$320.4 million
[50][note 7]
 JE5  NS1  EW24 
   		 Jurong East      North–South Line 
   East–West Line 
―
  Jurong East		 S$197.4 million
[51][note 8]
 JE6 
   		 Jurong Town Hall   — S$320.4 million[note 7]
 JE7 
   		 Pandan Reservoir  
Stage 3 (under construction, to be ready by 2029)
 JS9 
   		 Enterprise   — 2029;
5 years' time		 S$241.0 million
[52][note 9]
 JS10 
   		 Tukang  
 JS11 
   		 Jurong Hill   S$263.0 million
[53][54][note 10]
 JS12 
   		 Jurong Pier  
 JW3 
   		 Nanyang Gateway   S$263.0 million
[55][54][note 11]
 JW4 
   		 Nanyang Crescent  
 JW5 
   		 Peng Kang Hill   S$148.0 million
[56][note 12]

Infrastructure

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Rolling stock

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Exterior mockup of the J151

The JRL's rolling stock will comprise 62 J151 trains manufactured by Hyundai Rotem.[57][58][59] The fully-automatic trains will run in a three-car formation,[27] which can be lengthened to four cars when ridership increases.[60] To navigate the tight curves along the route, the JRL trains are smaller than those on the other MRT lines. Each car will be 18.6 metres (61 ft) long with a width of 2.75 metres (9.0 ft).[17] Both sides of the carriage will have three wider doors of 1.5 metres (4.9 ft) each to allow easier boarding and alighting.[27]

Powered by 750V DC third-rail,[28][60] the trains can run up to 70 km/h (43 mph).[58] In addition, the trains will have two new systems – Condition Based Maintenance (CBM) and Automatic Track Inspection (ATI)[58] – to allow real-time detection of train and track faults.[27] In the event of a power failure, the trains will have emergency batteries to bring passengers to the nearest station.[57]

Depot

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Tengah Depot will be the service and storage area for JRL trains.[13] Being constructed by China Railway 11 Bureau Group Corporation for S$739.5 million (US$498 million),[61] the at-grade 44.5 ha (110-acre) depot includes the Operation Control Centre and can accommodate up to 100 JRL trains.[13] Located west of Tengah,[62] the depot is also integrated with a bus depot and a workers’ dormitory.[26][61] There were plans for a stabling facility near Peng Kang Hill station that would have allowed enhanced launching and withdrawal operations of trains.[13][63]

Signalling

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The JRL is fully automatic, using Siemens' Trainguard Sirius Communications-based train control (CBTC) moving-block signalling system.[64][65][66] The radio-based signalling system manages the line's Automatic train control (ATC) under Automatic train operation (ATO) GoA 4 and can provide live data of JRL trains' positions and speeds.[64][67] Previously installed for the Downtown line (DTL), the CBTC subsystems consist of Automatic train protection (ATP) to govern train speed, Controlguide Rail 9000 Automatic Train Supervision (ATS) to track and schedule trains and Trackguard Westrace MKII Computer-based interlocking (CBI) system[68] that prevents incorrect signal and track points to be set.[69]

Platform screen doors by Siemens provide safety for passengers.[50][65]

Notes and references

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Notes

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  1. ^ Contract J102
  2. ^ Contract J103
  3. ^ Contract J105
  4. ^ Contract J106
  5. ^ Contract J107
  6. ^ Contract J108
  7. ^ a b Contract J109
  8. ^ Contract J110
  9. ^ Contract J111
  10. ^ Contract J112
  11. ^ Contract J113
  12. ^ Contract J115A

References

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  1. ^ "Jurong Region Line, Singapore's 7th MRT line, to open in phases from 2026". Channel NewsAsia. 9 May 2018. Archived from the original on 9 May 2018. Retrieved 9 May 2018.
  2. ^ "Jurong Region Line to open from 2026 in three phases". The New Paper. 10 May 2018. Archived from the original on 12 May 2018. Retrieved 12 May 2018.
  3. ^ White Paper: A World Class Land Transport System (PDF). Singapore: Land Transport Authority. 1996. pp. 45–46. ISBN 978-9971-88-488-8. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 August 2021. Retrieved 22 August 2021.
  4. ^ Kaur, Karamjit (27 November 1988). "Jurong May Be Next to Get LRT Line". The Straits Times. p. 50. Retrieved 3 June 2024 – via NewspaperSG.
  5. ^ Yeo, Geraldine (5 December 1998). "More MRT Lines Under Study". The Straits Times. p. 1. Archived from the original on 17 January 2023. Retrieved 3 June 2024.
  6. ^ "Speech By Mr Yeo Cheow Tong At the Official Opening of Dover Station on 23 Oct 2001". Ministry of Transport. 23 October 2001. Archived from the original on 5 October 2017. Retrieved 5 October 2017.
  7. ^ Chan, Kay Min; Vasoo, Sharon (24 October 2001). "3 New Rail Lines in Next 15 Years". The Straits Times. p. 1. Archived from the original on 17 February 2023. Retrieved 17 February 2023.
  8. ^ "No Plans to Develop Jurong LRT for Now". Land Transport Authority. 26 May 2008. Archived from the original on 6 October 2017. Retrieved 5 October 2017.
  9. ^ a b "Speech by Mr Lui Tuck Yew at visit to DTL1 Chinatown Station on 17 January 2013". Ministry of Transport. 17 January 2013. Archived from the original on 26 February 2020. Retrieved 19 September 2019.
  10. ^ a b Tan, Christopher. "MRT network size to double by 2030". The Straits Times. p. 1. Retrieved 22 June 2024.
  11. ^ "Speech by Minister Khaw Boon Wan at the Work Site of Canberra MRT Station". Ministry of Transport. 9 May 2018. Archived from the original on 13 May 2018. Retrieved 13 May 2018.
  12. ^ Lim, Adrian (9 May 2018). "New Jurong Region Line to Boost Access for NTU Students". The Straits Times. Archived from the original on 9 April 2021. Retrieved 9 April 2021.
  13. ^ a b c d "News Room – News Releases – Joint News Release By the Land Transport Authority (LTA) & SLA – Jurong Region Line: Enhancing Connectivity in the West". Land Transport Authority. 9 April 2021. Archived from the original on 9 April 2021. Retrieved 9 April 2021.
  14. ^ "Jurong Region Line to Serve NTU, Tengah Estate, Jurong Industrial Estate". Channel NewsAsia. Mediacorp. 9 May 2018. Archived from the original on 21 September 2019. Retrieved 21 September 2019.
  15. ^ "Written Reply By Minister for Transport Ong Ye Kung to Parliamentary Question on Prioritising Early Completion of Jurong Region MRT Line". Ministry of Transport. 1 February 2021. Archived from the original on 19 February 2021. Retrieved 24 March 2021.
  16. ^ "Residents and students welcome Jurong Region Line but find it confusing". Today. 21 September 2019. Archived from the original on 21 September 2019. Retrieved 21 September 2019.
  17. ^ a b Lim, Adrian (10 May 2018). "Smaller train cars for Jurong Region Line to navigate tight curves in built-up areas". The Straits Times. Archived from the original on 11 May 2018. Retrieved 3 March 2022.
  18. ^ Wong, Pei Ting (9 May 2018). "HDB multi-storey car park with shops to make way for construction of Jurong Region Line". Today. Retrieved 22 June 2024.
  19. ^ "Jurong Region Line: Enhancing Connectivity in the West". Singapore Land Authority. 18 June 2024. Retrieved 22 June 2024.
  20. ^ "New Choa Chu Kang Bus Interchange to Open on 16 December 2018". Land Transport Authority. 16 December 2018. Retrieved 1 June 2024.
  21. ^ Tan, Christopher (11 November 2020). "Jurong East bus interchange to be relocated from Dec 6 till 2027". The Straits Times. Retrieved 22 June 2024.
  22. ^ "School Mergers". Ministry of Education. 7 April 2021. Retrieved 22 June 2024.
  23. ^ Ng, Wei Kai (7 April 2021). "4 pairs of primary schools, 5 pairs of secondary schools to merge in S'pore as student numbers shrink". The Straits Times. Retrieved 22 June 2024.
  24. ^ "Work to construct 5 MRT stations on Jurong Region Line to start in 2020". CNA. 10 September 2019. Archived from the original on 2 November 2019. Retrieved 6 February 2020.
  25. ^ "LTA Awards Civil Contracts to Construct Five Stations for the Jurong Region Line". LTA. 10 September 2019. Retrieved 22 June 2024.
  26. ^ a b "LTA Awards Civil Contract to Construct Tengah Depot for the Jurong Region Line". LTA. 20 November 2019. Retrieved 22 June 2024.
  27. ^ a b c d "Hyundai Rotem Company Awarded Contract for 62 Jurong Region Line Trains". LTA. 6 February 2020. Archived from the original on 1 December 2021. Retrieved 20 March 2022.
  28. ^ a b "LTA Awards Two Contracts for Jurong Region Line". LTA. 18 May 2022. Retrieved 22 June 2024.
  29. ^ "Construction of Jurong Region Line begins, with 24 new MRT stations". CNA. 13 January 2023. Retrieved 13 January 2023.
  30. ^ "Construction of Jurong Region Line begins, MRT stations to open in three stages from 2027 to 2029". The Straits Times. 13 January 2023. Retrieved 13 January 2023.
  31. ^ "Work Commences for Jurong Region Line". LTA. 13 January 2023. Retrieved 13 January 2023.
  32. ^ "Tenders Called to Appoint Operators for Jurong Region Line and Cross Island Line". LTA. 9 May 2023. Retrieved 22 June 2024.
  33. ^ Tan, Christopher (25 August 2015). "LTA studying possible extension of planned Jurong Region Line to connect to Circle Line". The Straits Times. Retrieved 29 July 2022.
  34. ^ "More MRT Stations to be Upgraded and Possible Extension of Jurong Region Line". Land Transport Authority. 25 August 2015. Retrieved 29 July 2022.
  35. ^ "陆路交通管理局：裕廊区域线和环线地铁连接起". 八频道新闻 (in Chinese). 25 August 2015. Archived from the original on 5 October 2017. Retrieved 5 October 2017.
  36. ^ Yeo, Marissa (25 August 2015). "Jurong line may be extended to link with Circle Line". Today. Archived from the original on 29 July 2022. Retrieved 29 July 2022.
  37. ^ "Studies for West Coast extension ongoing". Land Transport Authority. 24 July 2019. Retrieved 29 July 2022.
  38. ^ "Studies for West Coast extension ongoing". The Straits Times. 24 July 2019. Archived from the original on 24 July 2019. Retrieved 24 July 2019.
  39. ^ Lee, Amanda (24 September 2022). "Authorities studying if Jurong Lake District, Jurong Town Hall stations will be linked as interchange: S. Iswaran | The Straits Times". www.straitstimes.com. Retrieved 24 September 2022.
  40. ^ "Singapore's Jurong Region Line alignment finalised". Metro Report International. Archived from the original on 12 May 2018. Retrieved 12 May 2018.
  41. ^ "New Jurong Region Line will connect NTU to existing Choa Chu Kang and Boon Lay stations". todayonline.com. Archived from the original on 12 May 2018. Retrieved 12 May 2018.
  42. ^ "Jurong Region Line". Land Transport Authority. Archived from the original on 6 September 2017. Retrieved 12 May 2018.
  43. ^ "Residents and students welcome Jurong Region Line but find it confusing". TODAYonline. Archived from the original on 12 May 2018. Retrieved 13 May 2018.
  44. ^ Tan, Christopher (25 August 2015). "LTA studying possible extension of planned Jurong Region Line to connect to Circle Line". The Straits Times. Singapore. Archived from the original on 14 July 2019. Retrieved 14 May 2018.
  45. ^ "Jurong Region Line Contract J102, Singapore | Aurecon". Archived from the original on 10 July 2021. Retrieved 10 July 2021.
  46. ^ "LTA awards two contracts worth S$740m to build 5 MRT stations on Jurong Region Line". www.businesstimes.com.sg. Archived from the original on 10 July 2021. Retrieved 3 November 2021.
  47. ^ "LTA | News Room | 1 | LTA Awards Civil Contract to Construct Two Stations for the Jurong Region Line". 9 December 2019. Archived from the original on 9 December 2019. Retrieved 9 December 2019.
  48. ^ a b "LTA | News Room | news-releases | LTA Awards Three Civil Contracts to Construct Four Stations for the Jurong Region Line". 13 February 2020. Archived from the original on 13 February 2020. Retrieved 13 February 2020.
  49. ^ "LTA | News Room | news-releases | LTA Awards Civil Contract to Construct Three Stations for the Jurong Region Line". www.lta.gov.sg. Archived from the original on 18 March 2020. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  50. ^ a b "LTA awards 4 Jurong Region Line contracts worth more than S$682 million". CNA. Archived from the original on 17 July 2020. Retrieved 17 July 2020.
  51. ^ "LTA | News Room | news-releases | LTA Awards Three Civil Contracts to Construct Four Stations for the Jurong Region Line". 13 February 2020. Archived from the original on 13 February 2020. Retrieved 13 February 2020.
  52. ^ "LTA Awards Civil Contract to Construct Two Stations for the Jurong Region Line". Land Transport Authority. 12 May 2021. Archived from the original on 12 May 2021. Retrieved 12 May 2021.
  53. ^ "Contract J112" (PDF). Land Transport Authority. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 April 2021. Retrieved 8 April 2021.
  54. ^ a b "Two Civil Contracts to Construct Four Stations for the Jurong Region Line Awarded". Land Transport Authority. 6 April 2021. Archived from the original on 6 April 2021. Retrieved 8 April 2021.
  55. ^ "Contract J113" (PDF). Land Transport Authority. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 April 2021. Retrieved 9 April 2021.
  56. ^ "LTA Awards Two Contracts for Jurong Region Line". Land Transport Authority. Retrieved 18 May 2022.
  57. ^ a b "Jurong Region Line to use Korean trains with emergency battery propulsion". The Straits Times. 6 February 2020. Archived from the original on 6 February 2020. Retrieved 6 February 2020.
  58. ^ a b c "소식-상세". 현대로템 (in Korean). 7 February 2020. Archived from the original on 19 March 2022. Retrieved 20 March 2022.
  59. ^ "Contract J151" (PDF). LTA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 29 December 2021. Retrieved 20 March 2022.
  60. ^ a b Sim, Fann (9 May 2018). "Jurong Region Line to serve NTU, Tengah estate, Jurong Industrial Estate". Channel NewsAsia. Archived from the original on 9 May 2018. Retrieved 12 May 2018.
  61. ^ a b Toh, Ting Wei (20 November 2019). "LTA awards $739.5 million project to build Tengah Depot for Jurong Region Line". The Straits Times. Retrieved 22 June 2024.
  62. ^ "早上尖峰时段公交乘客比率提高". 联合早报 (in Chinese). 17 June 2017. Archived from the original on 28 April 2018. Retrieved 13 May 2018.
  63. ^ "Contract J115" (PDF). LTA. 18 February 2020. Retrieved 22 June 2020.
  64. ^ a b "Siemens Mobility to install CBTC on Jurong Region Line in Singapore". Siemens Press. Archived from the original on 6 February 2021. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  65. ^ a b "LTA Awards Four Jurong Region Line Contracts". LTA. 17 July 2020. Retrieved 22 June 2024.
  66. ^ "Trainguard MT" (PDF). Siemens Assets. Retrieved 23 June 2024.
  67. ^ "Communications-Based Train Control System". Siemens Mobility Global. 24 April 2024. Retrieved 23 June 2024.
  68. ^ "Trackguard Westrace Mk ll" (PDF). Siemens Assets. Retrieved 23 June 2024.
  69. ^ "Siemens-equipped driverless underground metro line in Singapore starts operations for Downtown Line 2". Siemens Press. 13 December 2019. Retrieved 23 June 2024.
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