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The following events occurred in June 1911:

June 22, 1911: George V crowned King at Westminster Abbey
June 4, 1911: Il Vittoriano dedicated in Italy
June 28, 1911: A piece of Mars falls on Egypt
June 6, 1911: Colima Volcano erupts in Mexico

June 1, 1911 (Thursday)

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  • The Senate voted 48–20 to reopen the investigation of U.S. Senator William Lorimer of Illinois, after voting against his expulsion on March 1.[1]
  • Chiang Kai-shek first reached national prominence when he delivered a stirring public lecture advocating a socialist government for China, which he would eventually govern.[2]

June 2, 1911 (Friday)

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June 3, 1911 (Saturday)

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June 4, 1911 (Sunday)

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June 5, 1911 (Monday)

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June 6, 1911 (Tuesday)

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June 7, 1911 (Wednesday)

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June 8, 1911 (Thursday)

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June 9, 1911 (Friday)

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June 10, 1911 (Saturday)

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June 11, 1911 (Sunday)

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  • For the first time, the U.S. Senate approved an amendment to the U.S. Constitution to have its members elected directly by the people, rather than by state legislatures. The 64-24 approval of the proposed Seventeenth Amendment, which changed the requirement of Article I, Section 3, was on an altered version of what had passed the House of Representatives. Voting on the "Bristow Amendment" (proposed by Joseph L. Bristow of Kansas), which added the language that "Congress may at any time by law make or alter" the date upon which the states voted on U.S. Senators, had ended in a 44–44 tie, which was broken by U.S. Vice-president James S. Sherman.[22]
  • The Chamizal dispute was resolved when the International Boundary Commission, consisting of representatives from the U.S., Mexico, and Canada, made its decision in a dispute over a 600-acre piece of land known as El Chamizal, which had been south of the Rio Grande in 1848, until the river's course was shifted by a major flood in 1864 and El Chamizal north of the border. The Commission ruled that 437 of the acres should be returned to Mexico. The U.S. refused to abide by the ruling. On October 28, 1967, the 1911 ruling was finally certified by a new treaty between the two nations, a concrete channel was constructed to prevent further shifting of the Rio Grande, the 5,000 American residents were moved out, and El Chamizal was returned to Mexico.[23][24]
  • Born: Norman Malcolm, American philosopher; in Selden, Kansas (d. 1990).[citation needed]

June 12, 1911 (Monday)

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  • By a margin of 64–24, the U.S. Senate passed the House resolution for a constitutional amendment to permit direct election of U.S. Senators. At the time, the state legislatures elected their representatives in the Senate. An amendment to the House bill, providing for federal supervision of Senate elections, was tied 44-44, and Vice-president Sherman broke the tie in favor of the Senate bill.[25] The House finally accepted the amended version, 238–39, on May 12, 1912, sending the Seventeenth Amendment to the states for ratification. On April 8, 1913, Connecticut became the 36th of the 48 states to ratify the addition to the United States Constitution.[26]
  • Sultan Mehmed V of Turkey offered terms of peace for the Albanians within the Ottoman Empire, granting amnesty to Albanian insurgents who surrendered their weapons, and lifting the ban on Albanian-language schools.[27]
  • Born: Milovan Djilas, Yugoslavian and Montenegrin Marxist; in Mojkovac, Kingdom of Montenegro (d. 1995).[citation needed]

June 13, 1911 (Tuesday)

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June 14, 1911 (Wednesday)

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June 15, 1911 (Thursday)

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June 16, 1911 (Friday)

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  • The Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company was incorporated in the State of New York.[35] On February 14, 1924, it would change its name to International Business Machines, more commonly known as IBM and grow in size to become, at one time, the largest manufacturer of electric typewriters and, later, computers.[36]
  • Halley's Comet was photographed for the last time in more than 70 years, as it moved on out of the solar system. It would not be seen again from Earth until October 16, 1982.[37]

June 17, 1911 (Saturday)

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  • Arab rebels surprised Turkish troops in a battle at the port city of Gheesan (now Jizan, Saudi Arabia), and killed and wounded many of them. By mistake, the Turkish gunboat Sutebbe shelled its own troops. One estimate placed the number of Turkish dead at at least 1,000.[38]
  • The Women's Coronation March saw the largest demonstration up to that time in favor of British women's suffrage. Forty thousand women marched in London from Thames Embankment to Albert Hall along the route of the coronation procession.[39]
  • The University of Iceland (Haskoli Islands) was founded in Reykjavik with the consolidation of a theological college, a medical school and a law school. The largest higher education institute in the nation, the university has 12,000 students and 1,100 faculty members.[40]

June 18, 1911 (Sunday)

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  • The Detroit Tigers broke the record for greatest comeback in a baseball game, after trailing the Chicago White Sox by twelve runs. Down 13–1, the Tigers won 16–15. The feat has been duplicated only twice, on June 15, 1925 (the Athletics beat the Indians 17-15 after being down 14–2), and on August 5, 2001 (the Indians won 15-14 after trailing the Mariners 12-0 and 14–2).[41]
  • As the water level from inside the wreckage of the USS Maine was lowered, the first human remains from the 1898 explosion were found. Sixty-eight of the men on the Maine were not recovered out of 252 killed.[42]
  • Died: James Proctor Knott, 80, former Governor of Kentucky, for whom Knott County, Kentucky was named.[citation needed]

June 19, 1911 (Monday)

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  • The first Constituent Assembly of the Republic of Portugal, with 192 deputies, convened. The first order of business was to vote for permanent banishment of the former royal family of Braganza. The United States recognized the new republic the same day.[43]
  • The General Motors Export Company was organized as the auto manufacturer made plans to begin selling GM vehicles overseas.[44]

June 20, 1911 (Tuesday)

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  • The first trolleybus service was inaugurated in the United Kingdom, with the cities of Leeds and Bradford being the first to use the electric buses that drew power from overhead wires.[45]
  • Actress Sarah Bernhardt, on a visit to the United States, became the first woman to be admitted for a reception at New York's all-male Players Club, breaking a tradition dating back to the social club's founding by Edwin Booth in 1888.[46] Legend has it that "The Divine Miss Sarah" was trapped in the club's elevator for an hour while being escorted to see the apartment that Booth had occupied prior to his death in 1893.[47]

June 21, 1911 (Wednesday)

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June 22, 1911 (Thursday)

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June 23, 1911 (Friday)

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  • Prime Minister of France Ernest Monis, recovering from injuries sustained on May 21, lost a vote of confidence in the Chamber of Deputies, 243-224, and he and the entire cabinet resigned. The resolution was brought by Deputy Andre Hesse, three days after the Minister of War, General François Goiran, remarked that there was no provision for a Commander in Chief of French forces in time of war.[54]
  • Led by Luigj Gurakuqi, Albanian nationalists gathered in the village of Gerche in Montenegro and drafted the "Gerche Memorandum," later reprinted in Libri i Kuq (The Red Book). Demands were made in for Albanian autonomy within the Ottoman Empire, the teaching of the Albanian language in schools, and representation in the Turkish parliament by Albanian deputies.[34]
  • Born: Eddie Miller, American jazz musician; in New Orleans (d. 1991).[citation needed]

June 24, 1911 (Saturday)

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June 25, 1911 (Sunday)

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June 26, 1911 (Monday)

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June 27, 1911 (Tuesday)

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June 28, 1911 (Wednesday)

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  • The Nakhla meteorite fell in Egypt at about 9:00 am, near the city of El-Nakhla outside of Alexandria, with 10 kilograms (22 pounds) of mass breaking into forty pieces. The Nakhla meteorite was later determined to be one of 36 Martian meteorites originating from the planet Mars. In 2006, it was suggested by a team led by David McKay that the Nakhla meteorite, as well as an Antarctic one examined in 1996, showed signs of microbe alteration, evidence of life having once existed on Mars. One of the pieces of the Nakhla meteorite was said to have killed a dog, but as one author notes, "there is no real evidence for this having actually happened."[62]
  • Wisconsin became the first[63] U.S. state to enact a state income tax, when the state Senate approved the House bill by a margin of 15–14.[64] Governor Francis E. McGovern signed the bill into law on July 13.[65]

June 29, 1911 (Thursday)

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June 30, 1911 (Friday)

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References

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  1. ^ "New Lorimer Inquiry", New York Times, June 2, 1911.
  2. ^ Frederic E. Wakeman, History and Will: Philosophical Perspectives of Mao Tse-tung's Thought (University of California Press, 1973).
  3. ^ Susan Gillis, Fort Lauderdale: the Venice of America (Arcadia Publishing, 2004) p. 22.
  4. ^ "Madero En Route for Mexico City", New York Times, June 3, 1911.
  5. ^ Rogers, Katharine M. (2002). L. Frank Baum, Creator of Oz. Macmillan. p. 176.
  6. ^ "Killed by a High Dive". The New York Times. June 4, 1911.
  7. ^ "Italy's Tribute to Victor Emmanuel", New York Times, June 5, 1911.
  8. ^ Şükran Vahide and Ibrahim M. Abu-Rabi, Islam in Modern Turkey: An Intellectual Biography of Bediuzzaman Said Nursi (SUNY Press, 2005) p. 101.
  9. ^ a b The Britannica Year-Book 1913: A Survey of the World's Progress Since the Completion in 1910 of the Encyclopædia Britannica (Encyclopædia Britannica, 1913) p. xi.
  10. ^ "1,300 Are Dead in Earthquake", New York Times, June 9, 1911.
  11. ^ "Mexico City Shaken; 63 Dead, Many Hurt", New York Times, June 8, 1911.
  12. ^ Frank McLynn, Villa and Zapata: A History of the Mexican Revolution (Basic Books, 2002) p. 106.
  13. ^ "Mexican Capital Acclaims Madero"], New York Times, June 8, 1911.
  14. ^ "We Help Madero to Suppress Rebels- Mexican Troops to Travel to Lower California Over Railways in This Country", New York Times, June 9, 1911.
  15. ^ "Belgian Cabinet Out", New York Times, June 9, 1911.
  16. ^ Kim MacQuarrie, The Last Days of the Incas (Simon and Schuster, 2008) p. 379.
  17. ^ Peter R. DeMontravel, A Hero to His Fighting Men: Nelson A. Miles, 1839-1925 (Kent State University Press, 1998) p. 368.
  18. ^ "German Warship Launched; Second Turbine Dreadnought Is Named Frederick the Great", New York Times, June 11, 1911.
  19. ^ Gary Staff, German Battleships 1914-18 (Osprey Publishing, 2010) p. 14.
  20. ^ "Russia Greets Our Fleet", New York Times, June 12, 1911.
  21. ^ "Bacon at Norse Millenary", New York Times, June 11, 1911.
  22. ^ "Senate Adopts Popular Vote", New York Times, June 13, 1911.
  23. ^ "Chamizal, El", in Mexico and the United States, by Lee Stacy (Marshall Cavendish, 2002) p. 146.
  24. ^ "Two Presidents End Long Border Dispute With Pageantry", Spokane Spokesman-Review, October 29, 1967, p. 1.
  25. ^ "Senate Passes Direct Vote Bill", Milwaukee Sentinel, June 13, 1911, p. 1.
  26. ^ Julian E. Zelizer, The American Congress: The Building of Democracy (Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2004) pp. 361-362.
  27. ^ Miranda Vickers, The Albanians: A Modern History (I.B. Tauris, 1999) p. 64.
  28. ^ Dubal, David (2003). The Essential Canon of Classical Music. Macmillan. p. 365.
  29. ^ "Gives Control to American". The New York Times. June 14, 1911.
  30. ^ DeNovo, John A. (1963). American Interests and Policies in the Middle East, 1900-1939. University of Minnesota Press. p. 55.
  31. ^ John F. Wukovits, Eisenhower (Macmillan, 2009) p. 14.
  32. ^ William H. Flayhart, Perils of the Atlantic: Steamship Disasters, 1850 to the Present (W. W. Norton & Company, 2003) p. 227.
  33. ^ "The Giant Olympic A Luxurious Floating Hotel", New York Times, June 25, 1911.
  34. ^ a b Gawrych, George (2006). The Crescent and the Eagle: Ottoman Rule, Islam and the Albanians, 1874-1913. I.B.Tauris. p. 186.
  35. ^ "The origins of IBM". IBM.com. Retrieved 10 July 2024.
  36. ^ Kenneth Lee, Trouncing the Dow: A Value-based Method for Making Huge Profits (McGraw-Hill Professional, 1998) p. 123.
  37. ^ Robert Burnham, Great Comets (Cambridge University Press, 2000).
  38. ^ "Arabs Rout Turks; 1,000 Die-- Rebels Surprise Ottoman Column- Gunboat Shells Troops by Mistake", New York Times, June 24, 1911.
  39. ^ "Women's Freedom League", in Elizabeth Crawford, The Women's Suffrage Movement: A Reference Guide, 1866-1928 (Routledge, 2001) p. 722.
  40. ^ "University of Iceland (UofI)", in Historical Dictionary of Iceland (Guðmundur Hálfdanarson, ed.) (Scarecrow Press, 2008) p. 220.
  41. ^ Tan, Cecilia; Nowlin, Bill (2006). The 50 Greatest Red Sox Games. John Wiley and Sons. p. 102.
  42. ^ "Human Bones Found in Wreck of Maine". The New York Times. June 20, 1911.
  43. ^ "We Recognize New Republic", New York Times, June 20, 1911
  44. ^ Alfred P. Sloan, My Years with General Motors (Random House, 1964) p. 8.
  45. ^ "West Yorkshire's role in history", BBC.co.uk, January 15, 2010.
  46. ^ "Bernhardt Honored at Players Club", New York Times, June 20, 1911.
  47. ^ "A Male Bastion Bows, In Gracious Greeting", New York Times, April 22, 1989.
  48. ^ Sjeng Scheijen, Diaghilev: A Life (Oxford University Press US, 2010) pp. 231-232.
  49. ^ "Biggest of Liners Gets Noisy Welcome", New York Times, June 22, 1911
  50. ^ "Conducting Wagner: The Search for Melos," by Christopher Fifield, in Wagner in Performance (Yale University Press, 1992) p. 7.
  51. ^ "Coronation Is Most Splendid in All of History", New York Times, June 23, 1911.
  52. ^ R.W. Rennison, Civil Engineering Heritage: Northern England (Thomas Telford, 1996) p. 244.
  53. ^ Norma Cook Everist, Open the Doors and See All the People: Stories of Congregational Identity and Vocation (Augsburg Books, 2004) p. 97.
  54. ^ New York Times, June 23, 1911..
  55. ^ Milan N. Vego, Austro-Hungarian Naval Policy, 1904-14 (Taylor & Francis, 1996) p. 83.
  56. ^ Mica Nava, Visceral Cosmopolitanism: Gender, Culture and the Normalisation of Difference (Berg Publishers, 2007) p. 31.
  57. ^ "Amateur Motorists Start for the Coast", New York Times, June 27, 1911.
  58. ^ Curt McConnell, The Record-setting Trips: By Auto from Coast to Coast, 1909-1916 (Stanford University Press, 2003).
  59. ^ "Beachey in Biplane Skims Niagara River", New York Times, June 28, 1911.
  60. ^ Cecil R. Roseberry, Glenn Curtiss, Pioneer of Flight (Syracuse University Press, 1991) p. 298.
  61. ^ Smith, Emily B. (December 1931). "Chronicles of Oklahoma, Swanson County". Chronicles of Oklahoma. Oklahoma State University. Archived from the original on 2 July 2017.
  62. ^ Martin Beech, Terraforming: The Creating of Habitable Worlds (Springer, 2009) pp. 23-26.
  63. ^ Patrick Robertson, Robertson's Book of Firsts: Who Did What for the First Time (Bloomsbury Publishing, 2011).
  64. ^ "May Submit Income Tax to the Voters; Is Passed by Senate", Racine (WI) Journal, June 29, 1911, p. 1.
  65. ^ "Income Bill Just, Says Governor", Racine (WI) Journal, July 14, 1911, p. 10.
  66. ^ "First Russian Dreadnought", New York Times, June 30, 1911.
  67. ^ "Russia Heeds Our Protest", New York Times, June 30, 1911
  68. ^ James Keller and Meyer Berger, Men of Maryknoll (Ayer Publishing, 1972)
  69. ^ Norman Polmar and Dana Bell, One Hundred Years of World Military Aircraft (Naval Institute Press, 2004) p. 9.
  70. ^ José E. Álvarez, The Betrothed of Death: The Spanish Foreign Legion during the Rif Rebellion, 1920-1927 (Greenwood Publishing Group, 2001) p. 11.