Johanna Juliana Friederike Bacciarelli, née Richter (21 May 1733–1809 or later), was a German miniaturist, pastelist and court painter to the Polish kings.
Johanna Juliana Friederike Bacciarelli | |
|---|---|
| Born | 21 May 1733 |
| Died | 1809, 1811 or 1812 |
| Nationality | German |
| Known for | Painting |
Early life and education edit
Johanna was born on 21 May,[1][2] 1733 in Dresden,[1][3] in the artistic Richter family.[1] She studied painting with Charles Hutin and Marcello Bacciarelli.[3]
Career edit
In 1753, she began working at the Dresden court[3] and two years later married Bacciarelli.[1][3] She spent the years 1756–1764 in Warsaw,[1][3] and on 8 December, 1759, she received the title of court painter of Augustus III of Poland.[1] In 1764, she received the title of académicienne agregée at the Dresden Academy of Fine Arts,[1][2][3] later becoming its honorary member.[1] She spent the years 1764–1766 in Vienna,[1] where she created miniature copies of paintings for Elżbieta Grabowska,[3] then she returned with her husband to Warsaw.[1][3]
Johanna created miniatures, medallions and pastels.[2] She mainly portrayed nobility and kings, including Stanisław August Poniatowski,[1] painting portrait miniatures on ivory, which was unusual in Poland at the time.[1] Like Hutin, she used the technique of dry pointillism, limiting the use of pigments.[4] She taught many artists who went on to create the Warsaw school of miniature: Wincenty de Lesseur, Józef Kosiński, Franciszek Olexiński and Stanisław Marszałkiewicz.[3] As she rarely signed her works, most of the works were attributed to her according to tradition.[3]
Works attributed to Bacciarelli and her workshop can be found in the collection of the National Museum in Warsaw.[5]
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Illness and death edit
She suffered from epilepsy.[3] She died in Warsaw,[1][3] probably on 26 February,[1] 1809,[1][3] or in 1811 or 1812.[1]
Johanna's two daughters, Anna and Manon, continued the family's artistic traditions by learning to draw.[6] After studying with both parents, Anna became a miniaturist[1][3] and a singer.[1]
References edit
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Beyer, Andreas; Savoy, Bénédicte; Tegethoff, Wolf, eds. (2021). "Bacciarelli, Johanna Juliana Friederike". Allgemeines Künstlerlexikon – Internationale Künstlerdatenbank – Online (in German). Berlin, New York: K.G. Saur. Retrieved 2023-01-07.
- ^ a b c Jeffares, Neil (2020-06-23). "BACCIARELLI, Mme Marcello, née Johanna Juliana Friederike Richter" (PDF). Dictionary of pastellists before 1800 (Online ed.). Retrieved 2023-01-07.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Chamiec, Anna; Wiercińska, Iza. "Stanisław August Poniatowski, król Polski w latach 1764-1796". Muzeum Narodowe w Warszawie - Zbiory Cyfrowe (in Polish). Retrieved 2023-01-07.
- ^ "Marcello Bacciarelli w redingocie". Muzeum Narodowe w Warszawie - Zbiory Cyfrowe (in Polish). Retrieved 2023-01-07.
- ^ "Bacciarelli, Fryderyka Johanna Julianna". Muzeum Narodowe w Warszawie - Zbiory Cyfrowe (in Polish). Retrieved 2023-01-07.
- ^ Dzimira-Zarzycka, Karolina. "Rajecka i Vigée-Lebrun, czyli kto mógł namalować "Portret kobiety w ogniu"". Prenumeratorka (in Polish). Retrieved 2023-01-07.