Jiong (Chinese: ; pinyin: jiǒng; Jyutping: gwing2) is a once obscure Chinese character meaning a "patterned window".[1] Since 2008, it has become an internet phenomenon and widely used to express embarrassment and gloom because of the character's resemblance to a sad facial expression.[2]

Jiong (囧) in Kaishu, Clerical, Seal, and Oracle bone scripts (top to bottom)

Original meanings

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  1. Window, according to Xu Shen's 2nd-century dictionary Shuowen Jiezi: "窻牖麗廔闓明" ('an open and light window').
  2. Granary. 米囧 means "put the new rice into a granary".
  3. Sacrificial place. Based on Chouli.
  4. Toponym.

Internet emoticon

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A stylised version of the 囧 emoticon

The character for jiong is nowadays more widely used on the Internet as an ideographic emoticon representing a range of moods, as it resembles a person's face. It is commonly used to express ideas or feelings such as annoyance, shock, embarrassment, awkwardness, etc.

The use of jiong as an emoticon can be traced to 2005 or earlier; it was referenced on 20 January 2005 in a Chinese-language article on Orz.[3] The character is sometimes used in conjunction with orz, OTZ, or its other variants to form "囧rz", representing a person on their hands and knees (jiong forming the face, while r and z represent arms and legs, respectively) and symbolising despair or failure.

Encoding

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The character is included in Unicode at U+56E7 ().[4] Unicode also includes U+518F (), which is considered a variant.[5]

Character information
Preview
Unicode name CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-56E7 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-518F
Encodings decimal hex dec hex
Unicode 22247 U+56E7 20879 U+518F
UTF-8 229 155 167 E5 9B A7 229 134 143 E5 86 8F
Numeric character reference 囧 囧 冏 冏
Shift JIS[6] 153 103 99 67
EUC-JP[7] 143 182 250 8F B6 FA 209 200 D1 C8
GBK / GB 18030[8] 135 229 87 E5 131 215 83 D7
KPS 9566-2011[9] 200 130 C8 82
Big5[10] 202 168 CA A8 202 106 CA 6A
EUC-TW[11][12] 142 162 163 200 8E A2 A3 C8 142 162 163 172 8E A2 A3 AC
CCCII / EACC[4][13][14] 33 115 119 21 73 77 33 105 110 21 69 6E
Kangxi Dictionary reference[15][16] Page 217, character 10 Page 129, character 12

References

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  1. ^ Li & Li 2014, pp. 252–3.
  2. ^ Hammond & Richey 2014, p. 141.
  3. ^ "心情很orz嗎? 網路象形文字幽默一下". NOWnews.com. Archived from the original on 2012-11-15. Retrieved 2013-03-14.
  4. ^ a b "Unihan data for U+56E7". Unicode Consortium.
  5. ^ "Unihan data for U+56E7". Unicode Consortium. kKoreanName 2015:U+518F 冏
  6. ^ Unicode Consortium (2015-12-02) [1994-03-08]. "Shift-JIS to Unicode".
  7. ^ Unicode Consortium; IBM. "EUC-JP-2007". International Components for Unicode.
  8. ^ Standardization Administration of China (SAC) (2005-11-18). GB 18030-2005: Information Technology—Chinese coded character set.
  9. ^ Chung, Jaemin (2018-01-05). "Information on the most recent version of KPS 9566 (KPS 9566-2011?)" (PDF). UTC L2/18-011.
  10. ^ van Kesteren, Anne. "big5". Encoding Standard. WHATWG.
  11. ^ "[囧] 2-2348". CNS 11643 Word Information. National Development Council.
  12. ^ "[冏] 2-232C". CNS 11643 Word Information. National Development Council.
  13. ^ "Unihan data for U+518F". Unicode Consortium.
  14. ^ "EACC to Unicode". Library of Congress.
  15. ^ "Page 217". Kangxi Dictionary.
  16. ^ "Page 129". Kangxi Dictionary.

Bibliography

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