James Cubitt (1836–1914) was a Victorian church architect specialising in building non-conformist chapels.[1]
Background edit
Cubitt was the son of a Baptist minister, from Norfolk who taught at Spurgeon's Pastor's College in South Norwood Hill[2] — then on the outskirts of London.[3]
Career edit
Cubitt was articled to the firm of Isaac Charles Gilbert, in Nottingham (1851–56) and joined W. W. Pocock building chapels for the Wesleyans. From 1862, he formed his own office, forming a partnership with Henry Fuller in 1868.[2]
Architectural philosophy edit
Cubitt's philosophy was laid out in his book, Church Design for Congregations. He attacked as obsolete the traditional nave and aisle design. When the "columns are thick or moderately thick, it inevitably shuts out a multitude of people from the service ... When, on the other hand, its columns are thin, the inconvenience is removed, but the architecture is ruined ... The type as it remains is but a shadow of its former self – a medieval church in the last stage of starvation". Too many architects were failing the principal criteria of their brief: "to produce a grand and beautiful church in which everyone could see and hear the service".[1] His chapels are built as broad uncluttered spaces around a central pulpit and Lord's table.[3]
Works and memorials edit
Cubitt lived most of his professional life at Loughton, where he built several private houses and three schools. He is commemorated by a blue plaque on Monghyr Cottage, 2 Traps Hill, Loughton, where he died, and was buried in an unmarked grave next to his wife in Loughton Cemetery.[3]
Works edit
Architectural designs edit
- Emmanuel Congregational Church in Cambridge (1873)
- Union Chapel, Islington (1877).[4]
- Church of the Redeemer, Edgbaston, Birmingham (1882)
- Welsh Presbyterian Chapel on Charing Cross Road (1888)
- Dulwich Grove United Reformed Church (formerly Congregational), East Dulwich London (1890).[5]
- Staples Road Junior School, Loughton (1888)
- Sunnybank, nos 7-9 Woodbury Hill, Loughton, Essex (1889)
- Streatham United Reformed Church (formerly Congregational)on Streatham High Road (1901)[6]
Publications edit
- Cubitt, James (1870). Church Designs for Congregations. London: Crosby, Lockwood & Son. Retrieved 18 July 2023..[7]
- Cubitt, James (1892). Nonconformist Church Building. London: James Clarke & Co..[7]
- Cubitt, James (1911). A Short Specification of Materials, Labour, and Goods, for Works Connected with Buildings. London: Crosby, Lockwood & Son. Retrieved 18 July 2023..[8]
See also edit
- Dissenting Gothic
- Cubitt - James Cubitt is no relation to his contemporary engineers and master builders of the same name.
References edit
- ^ a b History of the Union Chapel Archived 2009-06-25 at the Wayback Machine accessed 7 June 2009
- ^ a b James Cubitt (1836-1912) Archived 2009-04-26 at the Wayback Machine (Archiseek) accessed 7 June 2009
- ^ a b c Binfield, Clyde (2001). The Contexting of a Chapel Architect: James Cubitt 1836-1912 (Occasional Publications 2). United Kingdom: The Chapels Society. Retrieved 18 July 2023.
- ^ "Union Chapel". programme.openhouse.org.uk. Open House. Retrieved 18 July 2023.
- ^ "Dulwich Grove United Reformed Church and Church Hall". britishlistedbuildings.co.uk. British Listed Buildings. Retrieved 18 July 2023. (Includes a picture of the building)
- ^ "Architect James Cubitt- Streatham Congregational church". The Streatham Society. Retrieved 28 March 2024.
- ^ a b Clerkin, Paul (2009). "James Cubitt (1836-1912)". uk.archiseek.com. Archiseek.
- ^ "A Short Specification of Materials, Labour, and Goods for Works Connected with Buildings". The Scotsman. 30 January 1911. p. 2 col.2. Retrieved 18 July 2023 – via British Newspaper Archive.
Sources edit
- The Buildings of Loughton and notable people of the town Chris Pond (Loughton and Dist Historical Society, 2nd ed, 2010)
External links edit
Media related to James Cubitt at Wikimedia Commons
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