List of countries by inequality-adjusted Human Development Index
This is a list of countries by inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI), as published by the UNDP in its 2024 Human Development Report. According to the 2016 Report, "The IHDI can be interpreted as the level of human development when inequality is accounted for", whereas the Human Development Index itself, from which the IHDI is derived, is "an index of potential human development (or the maximum IHDI that could be achieved if there were no inequality)".[1][2] However the past several reports, including HDR 23/24 don't compare them in this way.
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/2022-24_UN_Human_Development_Report_%28inequality-adjusted%29.svg/430px-2022-24_UN_Human_Development_Report_%28inequality-adjusted%29.svg.png)
0.800–1.000 (very high) 0.700–0.799 (high) 0.550–0.699 (medium) | 0.220–0.549 (low) Data unavailable |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/2024_Inequality-Adjusted_Human_Development_Index.svg/430px-2024_Inequality-Adjusted_Human_Development_Index.svg.png)
0.900–0.910 0.850–0.899 0.800–0.849 0.750–0.799 0.700–0.749 0.650–0.699 | 0.600–0.649 0.550–0.599 0.500–0.549 0.450–0.499 0.400–0.449 | 0.350–0.399 0.300–0.349 0.250–0.299 0.222–0.249 Data unavailable |
Methodology
editThe index captures the HDI of the average (calculated using not arithmetic, but geometric mean) person in society, which is less than the aggregate HDI when there is inequality in the distribution of health, education and income. Under perfect equality, the HDI and IHDI are equal; the greater the difference between the two, the greater the inequality.
The IHDI, estimated for the world and specific countries, captures the losses in human development due to inequality in health, education and income. Losses in all three dimensions vary across countries, ranging from just a few percent (Czech Republic, Slovenia) up to over 40% (Comoros, Central African Republic). Overall loss takes into account all three dimensions.[3]
List
editThe table below ranks countries according to their inequality-adjusted human development index (IHDI). Data is based on 2022 estimates.
2022 inequality-adjusted HDI (IHDI) (2024 report)
editRank | Country | 2022 estimates (2024 report)[4][5] | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
IHDI | HDI | Overall loss (%) due to inequality | ||
1 | Iceland | 0.910 | 0.959 | 5.1 |
2 | Norway | 0.903 | 0.966 | 6.5 |
3 | Denmark | 0.898 | 0.952 | 5.7 |
4 | Switzerland | 0.891 | 0.967 | 7.9 |
5 | Finland | 0.886 | 0.942 | 5.9 |
6 | Ireland | 0.886 | 0.950 | 6.7 |
7 | Netherlands | 0.885 | 0.946 | 6.4 |
8 | Slovenia | 0.882 | 0.926 | 4.8 |
9 | Germany | 0.881 | 0.950 | 7.3 |
10 | Sweden | 0.878 | 0.952 | 7.8 |
11 | Belgium | 0.878 | 0.942 | 6.8 |
12 | United Kingdom | 0.865 | 0.940 | 8.0 |
13 | Canada | 0.864 | 0.935 | 7.6 |
14 | Australia | 0.860 | 0.946 | 9.1 |
15 | Austria | 0.859 | 0.926 | 7.2 |
16 | United Arab Emirates | 0.859 | 0.937 | 8.3 |
17 | New Zealand | 0.856 | 0.939 | 8.8 |
18 | Czech Republic | 0.848 | 0.895 | 5.3 |
19 | Japan | 0.844 | 0.920 | 8.3 |
20 | South Korea | 0.841 | 0.929 | 9.5 |
21 | Hong Kong | 0.840 | 0.956 | 12.1 |
22 | Luxembourg | 0.839 | 0.927 | 9.5 |
23 | Malta | 0.837 | 0.915 | 8.5 |
24 | Estonia | 0.835 | 0.899 | 7.1 |
25 | Cyprus | 0.827 | 0.907 | 8.8 |
26 | Singapore | 0.825 | 0.949 | 13.1 |
27 | United States | 0.823 | 0.927 | 11.2 |
28 | France | 0.820 | 0.910 | 9.9 |
29 | Croatia | 0.817 | 0.878 | 6.9 |
30 | Andorra | 0.810 | 0.884 | 8.4 |
31 | Israel | 0.808 | 0.915 | 11.7 |
32 | Slovakia | 0.808 | 0.855 | 5.5 |
33 | Latvia | 0.802 | 0.879 | 8.8 |
34 | Italy | 0.802 | 0.906 | 11.5 |
35 | Greece | 0.801 | 0.893 | 10.3 |
36 | Hungary | 0.800 | 0.851 | 6.0 |
37 | Poland | 0.797 | 0.881 | 9.5 |
38 | Spain | 0.796 | 0.911 | 12.6 |
39 | Lithuania | 0.795 | 0.879 | 9.6 |
40 | Portugal | 0.774 | 0.874 | 11.4 |
41 | Montenegro | 0.756 | 0.844 | 10.4 |
42 | Belarus | 0.750 | 0.801 | 6.4 |
43 | Russia | 0.747 | 0.821 | 9.0 |
44 | Argentina | 0.747 | 0.849 | 12.0 |
45 | Serbia | 0.740 | 0.805 | 8.1 |
46 | Romania | 0.739 | 0.827 | 10.6 |
47 | Kazakhstan | 0.734 | 0.802 | 8.5 |
48 | Georgia | 0.728 | 0.814 | 10.6 |
49 | Brunei Darussalam | 0.727 | 0.823 | 11.7 |
50 | Oman | 0.721 | 0.819 | 12.0 |
51 | Armenia | 0.721 | 0.786 | 8.3 |
52 | Uruguay | 0.720 | 0.830 | 13.3 |
53 | Turkey | 0.717 | 0.855 | 16.1 |
54 | Seychelles | 0.715 | 0.802 | 10.8 |
55 | Azerbaijan | 0.707 | 0.760 | 7.0 |
56 | Chile | 0.704 | 0.860 | 18.1 |
57 | Bulgaria | 0.703 | 0.799 | 12.0 |
58 | Moldova | 0.698 | 0.763 | 8.5 |
59 | Malaysia | 0.692 | 0.807 | 14.3 |
60 | Albania | 0.687 | 0.789 | 12.9 |
61 | Thailand | 0.681 | 0.803 | 15.2 |
62 | North Macedonia | 0.679 | 0.765 | 11.2 |
63 | Ukraine | 0.676 | 0.734 | 7.9 |
64 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 0.667 | 0.779 | 14.4 |
65 | Bahamas | 0.663 | 0.820 | 19.1 |
66 | China | 0.662 | 0.788 | 16.0 |
67 | Costa Rica | 0.656 | 0.806 | 18.6 |
68 | Tonga | 0.654 | 0.739 | 11.5 |
69 | Panama | 0.647 | 0.820 | 21.1 |
70 | Mongolia | 0.645 | 0.741 | 13.0 |
71 | Mexico | 0.641 | 0.781 | 17.9 |
72 | Kyrgyzstan | 0.634 | 0.701 | 9.6 |
73 | Palau | 0.633 | 0.797 | 20.6 |
74 | Fiji | 0.632 | 0.729 | 13.3 |
75 | Sri Lanka | 0.630 | 0.780 | 19.2 |
76 | Ecuador | 0.630 | 0.765 | 17.6 |
77 | Dominican Republic | 0.627 | 0.766 | 18.1 |
78 | Mauritius | 0.625 | 0.796 | 21.5 |
79 | Marshall Islands | 0.620 | 0.731 | 15.2 |
80 | Barbados | 0.617 | 0.809 | 23.7 |
81 | Jordan | 0.615 | 0.736 | 16.4 |
82 | Peru | 0.607 | 0.762 | 20.3 |
83 | Vietnam | 0.607 | 0.726 | 16.4 |
84 | Samoa | 0.602 | 0.702 | 14.2 |
85 | Venezuela | 0.600 | 0.699 | 14.2 |
86 | Maldives | 0.597 | 0.762 | 21.7 |
87 | Philippines | 0.590 | 0.710 | 16.9 |
88 | Algeria | 0.588 | 0.745 | 21.1 |
89 | Indonesia | 0.588 | 0.713 | 17.5 |
90 | Palestine | 0.587 | 0.716 | 18.0 |
91 | Tajikistan | 0.585 | 0.679 | 13.8 |
92 | Iran | 0.584 | 0.780 | 25.1 |
93 | Jamaica | 0.584 | 0.706 | 17.3 |
94 | Paraguay | 0.582 | 0.731 | 20.4 |
95 | Brazil | 0.577 | 0.760 | 24.1 |
World | 0.576 | 0.739 | 22.1 | |
96 | Tunisia | 0.574 | 0.732 | 21.6 |
97 | Colombia | 0.568 | 0.758 | 25.1 |
98 | Egypt | 0.561 | 0.728 | 22.9 |
99 | Bolivia | 0.560 | 0.698 | 19.8 |
100 | El Salvador | 0.548 | 0.674 | 18.7 |
101 | Tuvalu | 0.545 | 0.653 | 16.5 |
102 | Saint Lucia | 0.539 | 0.725 | 25.7 |
103 | Kiribati | 0.528 | 0.628 | 15.9 |
104 | Gabon | 0.526 | 0.693 | 24.1 |
105 | Iraq | 0.519 | 0.673 | 22.9 |
106 | Morocco | 0.508 | 0.698 | 27.2 |
107 | Nicaragua | 0.507 | 0.669 | 24.2 |
108 | Botswana | 0.488 | 0.708 | 31.1 |
109 | Honduras | 0.480 | 0.624 | 23.1 |
110 | Myanmar | 0.475 | 0.608 | 21.9 |
111 | Cabo Verde | 0.471 | 0.661 | 28.7 |
112 | Bangladesh | 0.470 | 0.670 | 29.9 |
113 | Laos | 0.466 | 0.620 | 24.8 |
114 | Bhutan | 0.465 | 0.681 | 31.7 |
115 | South Africa | 0.462 | 0.717 | 35.6 |
116 | São Tomé and Príncipe | 0.459 | 0.613 | 25.1 |
117 | Guatemala | 0.453 | 0.629 | 28.0 |
118 | India | 0.444 | 0.644 | 31.1 |
119 | Cambodia | 0.438 | 0.600 | 27.0 |
120 | Kenya | 0.438 | 0.601 | 27.1 |
121 | Nepal | 0.424 | 0.601 | 29.5 |
122 | Timor-Leste | 0.407 | 0.566 | 28.1 |
123 | Papua New Guinea | 0.407 | 0.568 | 28.3 |
124 | Namibia | 0.399 | 0.615 | 34.6 |
125 | Republic of the Congo | 0.385 | 0.593 | 35.1 |
126 | Ghana | 0.378 | 0.602 | 37.2 |
127 | Rwanda | 0.377 | 0.548 | 31.2 |
128 | Uganda | 0.377 | 0.550 | 31.5 |
129 | Eswatini | 0.372 | 0.610 | 39.0 |
130 | Tanzania | 0.372 | 0.532 | 30.1 |
131 | Zimbabwe | 0.370 | 0.550 | 32.7 |
132 | Nigeria | 0.369 | 0.548 | 32.7 |
133 | Cameroon | 0.362 | 0.587 | 38.3 |
134 | Pakistan | 0.360 | 0.540 | 33.3 |
135 | Malawi | 0.359 | 0.508 | 29.3 |
136 | Mauritania | 0.351 | 0.540 | 35.0 |
137 | Togo | 0.345 | 0.547 | 36.9 |
138 | Angola | 0.344 | 0.591 | 41.8 |
139 | Zambia | 0.344 | 0.569 | 39.5 |
140 | Djibouti | 0.341 | 0.515 | 33.8 |
141 | Haiti | 0.335 | 0.552 | 39.3 |
142 | Senegal | 0.334 | 0.517 | 35.4 |
143 | Comoros | 0.334 | 0.586 | 43.0 |
144 | Lesotho | 0.332 | 0.521 | 36.3 |
145 | Sudan | 0.331 | 0.516 | 35.9 |
146 | Madagascar | 0.328 | 0.487 | 32.6 |
147 | Ethiopia | 0.324 | 0.492 | 34.1 |
148 | Côte d'Ivoire | 0.318 | 0.534 | 40.4 |
149 | Democratic Republic of the Congo | 0.315 | 0.481 | 34.5 |
150 | Gambia | 0.311 | 0.495 | 37.2 |
151 | Liberia | 0.310 | 0.487 | 36.3 |
152 | Guinea-Bissau | 0.310 | 0.483 | 35.8 |
153 | Benin | 0.309 | 0.504 | 38.7 |
154 | Afghanistan | 0.300 | 0.462 | 35.1 |
155 | Yemen | 0.285 | 0.424 | 32.8 |
156 | Guinea | 0.285 | 0.471 | 39.5 |
157 | Sierra Leone | 0.277 | 0.458 | 39.5 |
158 | Mali | 0.277 | 0.410 | 32.4 |
159 | Burundi | 0.273 | 0.420 | 35.0 |
160 | Mozambique | 0.270 | 0.461 | 41.4 |
161 | Niger | 0.262 | 0.394 | 33.5 |
162 | Burkina Faso | 0.261 | 0.438 | 40.4 |
163 | Chad | 0.238 | 0.394 | 39.6 |
164 | Central African Republic | 0.237 | 0.387 | 38.8 |
165 | South Sudan | 0.222 | 0.381 | 41.7 |
See also
edit- Economic inequality
- Human Development Report
- List of countries by Human Development Index
- List of countries by income equality
- List of countries by planetary pressures–adjusted Human Development Index
- List of countries by share of income of the richest one percent
- Median income
- Per capita income
- Poverty
- Social inequality
- Social Progress Index
- Welfare's effect on poverty
References
edit- ^ Human Development Reports, Composite indices — HDI and beyond (2015) 87
- ^ "Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI)". Hdr.undp.org. Retrieved 2010-11-05.
- ^ "Frequently Asked Questions - Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI)". United Nations.
- ^ "Download IHDI dataset". hdr.undp.org. UNDP. Retrieved 13 September 2022.
- ^ "All composite indices and components time series (1990-2021)". hdr.undp.org. UNDP. Retrieved 13 September 2022.