Hydrazinium nitroformate

Hydrazinium nitroformate (HNF) is a salt of hydrazine and nitroform (trinitromethane).[1][2] It has the molecular formula [H2NNH3]+[C(NO2)3][3] and is soluble in most solvents.

Hydrazinium nitroformate
Names
Other names
Hydrazine nitroform; HNF
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ECHA InfoCard 100.101.390 Edit this at Wikidata
  • InChI=1S/CN3O6.H4N2/c5-2(6)1(3(7)8)4(9)10;1-2/h;1-2H2/q-1;/p+1
    Key: DTXWOSBMROEDNN-UHFFFAOYSA-O
  • N[NH3+].[O-][N+](=O)[C-]([N+]([O-])=O)[N+]([O-])=O
Properties
CH5N5O6
Molar mass 183.080 g·mol−1
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Hydrazinium nitroformate is an energetic oxidizer. Research is being conducted at the European Space Agency to investigate its use in solid rocket propellants.[4][5] It tends to produce propellants which burn very rapidly and with very high combustion efficiency. Its high energy leads to high specific impulse propellants. It is currently an expensive research chemical available only in limited quantities. A disadvantage of HNF is its limited thermal stability.

References

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  1. ^ H. F. R. Schoyer, W. H. M. Welland-Veltman, J. Louwers, P. A. O. G. Korting, A. E. D. M. van der Heijden, H. L. J. Keizers, and R. P. van den Berg (2002). "Overview of the Development of Hydrazinium Nitroformate". Journal of Propulsion and Power. 18 (1): 131–137. doi:10.2514/2.5908.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. ^ P. S. Dendage, D. B. Sarwade, S. N. Asthana & H. Singh (2001). "Hydrazinium nitroformate (HNF) and HNF based propellants: A review". Journal of Energetic Materials. 19 (1): 41–78. Bibcode:2001JEnM...19...41D. doi:10.1080/07370650108219392. S2CID 98538776.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  3. ^ Dickens, Brian (1967). "Crystal structure of hydrazine nitroform [N2H5+C(NO2)3]". Chemical Communications (5): 246–247. doi:10.1039/c19670000246.
  4. ^ "Preparing for the Future". Vol. 6, no. 1. European Space Agency. March 1996. {{cite magazine}}: Cite magazine requires |magazine= (help)
  5. ^ Tydon, Walter (31 July 1970). Minimum Cost Design Launch Vehicle Design/Costing Study TOR-0059(6526-01)2. Vol. 2, Background Studies. The Aerospace Corporation. pp. 4–13, 4–14.