Henry Whitehead (22 September 1825 – 5 March 1896) was a Church of England priest and the assistant curate of St Luke's Church in Soho, London, during the 1854 cholera outbreak.[1]
A former believer in the miasma theory of disease, Whitehead worked to disprove false theories, but eventually came to prefer John Snow's idea that cholera spreads through water contaminated by human waste. Snow's work — and Whitehead's own investigations[2] — convinced Whitehead that the Broad Street pump was the source of the local infections. Whitehead then joined with Snow in tracking the contamination to a cesspool that leaked into the water table which led to the outbreak's index case.[3] Whitehead identified a "Baby Lewis" at 40 Broad Street where a leakage in the basement contaminated the well as patient zero of the outbreak.[4]
Whitehead's work with Snow combined demographic study with scientific observation, setting important precedent for the burgeoning science of epidemiology.[5]
Whitehead served in several other London parishes before moving to Brampton, now in Cumbria, in 1874, where he was appointed the local vicar. He was instrumental in instigating a movement to build a new church in Brampton, which culminated in Phillip Webb's St. Martin's Church, the only church design of Webb's ever built and now a Grade I listed building. Whitehead moved on to Newlands in Cumberland in 1884, finally becoming vicar of Lanercost for five years until his death.[6]
References
edit- ^ "Reverend Henry Whitehead". Fielding School of Public Health. Retrieved 16 September 2023.
- ^ Johnson, Steven (2006). The Ghost Map: The Story of London's Most Terrifying Epidemic - and How it Changed Science, Cities and the Modern World. Riverhead Books. ISBN 1-59448-925-4.
- ^ Johnson, Steven (2006). The Ghost Map: The Story of London's Most Terrifying Epidemic - and How it Changed Science, Cities and the Modern World. Riverhead Books. p. 206. ISBN 1-59448-925-4.
- ^ Johnson, Steven (2021). Extra Life (1st ed.). Riverhead Books. p. 78. ISBN 978-0-525-53885-1.
- ^ Frerichs, Ralph R (11 October 2006). "Reverend Henry Whitehead" (HTTP). Retrieved 10 December 2007.
- ^ "The Rev Henry Whitehead (1825-1896)". Cumbrian Lives - Towards a Dictionary of Cumbrian Biography. Retrieved 16 September 2023.
External links
edit- "The Broad Street Pump:An Episode in the Cholera Epidemic of 1854", The Reverend H. Whitehead in Macmillan's Magazine, Volume XIII, Nov. 1865 - Apr. 1886, pp. 113–122