Heinrich Schild

Heinrich Schild (22 October 1895 – 18 February 1978) was a German politician. He was a member of the German Party (DP), and later joined the Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU).

Life and career

Heinrich Schild was born in Elberfeld to a family of craftsmen. After gaining a degree in economics, followed by a doctorate in Cologne in 1921,^[1] he started work in 1922 for the Reich Association of German Skilled Crafts and Trades, which had been founded in October 1919 in Hanover. He was a member of the National Socialist German Workers' Party and, from the end of March 1933 to the end of September 1934, he was General Secretary of the German Skilled Crafts and Trades Association in Berlin; in this role, he fought off the attack of the German Labour Front (DAF) made on the basis of the “Law on the Preparation of the Organic Development of the German Economy” of February 1934.^[2] Schild's success in the power struggle between the skilled crafts and trades and the DAF^[3] led to his exclusion from the party.

Going back to 1931, he had supported the ceramics workers who had been affected by the bankruptcy of the Velten-Vordamm stoneware factories^[de] and the closure of the Haël Workshops for Artistic Ceramics, paving the way for the founding of the HB Workshops for Ceramics in the former cocklestove factory in Marwitz (Brandenburg) in May 1934. He provided the start-up capital and worked without pay as managing director. The transformation of the business at his behest into a German Commercial Partnership (OHG) in 1938 and Hedwig Bollhagen's retrospective completion of her master tradesman examinations further protected the ceramic crafts and trades from the attacks of the German Labour Front.

In 1946, Schild left the former Soviet zone of occupation and went to live in West Germany. From 1949 to 1958, he was the General Manager of the State Federation of Skilled Crafts and Trades Associations of NRW e.V. In addition to this, he was General Secretary of the Rhineland-Westphalia Skilled Crafts and Trades Association and managing director of the North Rhine-Westphalia State Association of the German medium-sized business sector, a lobbying association for the interests of small and medium-sized businesses. Following this, he became self-employed and worked as a business consultant.

Political party

Schild was a member of the Germany Party (DP) from 1953 onwards and he left the party on 1 July 1960. On 20 September 1960, he joined the CDU.

Member of the German Parliament

Schild was a member of the German Bundestag from 1953 until 1961. From 15 December 1958 until 29 November 1961, he was also a member of the European Parliament.

From 1961 until 1969, he was a member of the regional parliament in the Oberberg district, and in 1963/64 as the chairman of the CDU parliamentary group.

Public office

From 1964 until 1969, Schild was Head of the District Authority of the Oberberg district.

Publications

Chronicle of the Communities of Nümbrecht and Marienberghausen. Nümbrecht 1977.

Literature

Rudolf Vierhaus and Ludolf Herbst (publishers): Biographical handbook of the members of the German Bundestag 1949–2002. Volume 2, N–Z, Saur, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-598-23782-0, page 738
Rüdiger Hachtmann: The Economic Empire of the German Labour Front 1933–1945. Wallstein publishing house, Göttingen, 2012, ISBN 978-3835310377

References

^ Heinrich Schild: Pay and working conditions in the German painting trade in the twentieth century under the influence of the employee and employer associations, Hanover 1922.
^ Michael Wolffsohn: Industry and the skilled crafts and trades in conflict with state economic policy? – Studies on the policy of job creation in Germany 1930-1934, Berlin 1977.
^ Felix Schüler: The skilled crafts and trades in the Third Reich. Enforced conformation and what followed, Bad Wörrishofen 1951; Valentin Chesi: Structure and functions of the skilled crafts and trades organisation in Germany since 1933. A contribution to association theory (studies on groups and associations, volume 4) Berlin 1966.

[1] Heinrich Schild: Pay and working conditions in the German painting trade in the twentieth century under the influence of the employee and employer associations, Hanover 1922.

[2] Michael Wolffsohn: Industry and the skilled crafts and trades in conflict with state economic policy? – Studies on the policy of job creation in Germany 1930-1934, Berlin 1977.

[3] Felix Schüler: The skilled crafts and trades in the Third Reich. Enforced conformation and what followed, Bad Wörrishofen 1951; Valentin Chesi: Structure and functions of the skilled crafts and trades organisation in Germany since 1933. A contribution to association theory (studies on groups and associations, volume 4) Berlin 1966.

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