Harpophora maydis, also known by late wilt, the vascular maize disease it causes, is a species of fungus in the family Magnaporthaceae.
| Harpophora maydis | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Sordariomycetes |
| Order: | Magnaporthales |
| Family: | Magnaporthaceae |
| Genus: | Harpophora |
| Species: | H. maydis
|
| Binomial name | |
| Harpophora maydis (W. Gams, 2000)
| |
| Synonyms | |
|
Cephalosporium maydis Acremonium maydis Maganaporthaceae maydis | |
Taxonomy
editDiscovered in Egypt in 1960, the species was first described as Cephalosporium maydis (Samra, Sabet and Hingoran. 1962). Acremonium maydis, likely a result of misidentification, is often mischaracterised as the same species and as a result the name functions as a synonym for H. maydis. One reason for this is likely the similarities between H. maydis and other Cephalosporium species such as C. acremonium[1]
In 2000, Walter Gams created the genus Harpophora for a number of species in Cephalosporium that are morphologically phialophora-like, based upon Harpophora radiciola. As a result, many species of Cephalosporium, including C. maydis were moved there.[1]
Distribution
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H. maydis was initially discovered in Egypt in 1960 and has since been reported in approximately 10 other states.
The species is widespread on the Indian subcontinent, present in India, Pakistan, and Nepal. Reported first in India, originally in Andhra Pradesh and then later in Rajasthan and Punjab.[3][4] Within Pakistan, it has been present in the Punjab province since at least 1989.[5][2]
In Europe, the fungus is present in both Spain and Portugal as well as Hungary and Romania.
Its presence has been especially problematic in Israel since the early 2010s, where especially aggressive strains have been found.
References
edit- ^ a b Degani, Ofir; Ferrol, Nuria (2021). "A Review: Late Wilt of Maize—The Pathogen, the Disease, Current Status, and Future Perspective". J Fungi (Basel). 7 (11): 989. doi:10.3390/jof7110989. PMC 8621787. PMID 34829276.
- ^ a b Degani, Ofir; Movshowitz, Daniel; Dor, Schlomit; Meerson, Ari; Golblat, Yuval; Rabinovitz, Onn (2019). "Evaluating Azoxystrobin Seed Coating Against Maize Late Wilt Disease Using a Sensitive qPCR-Based Method". Plant Disease. 103 (2). The American Phytopathological Society: 238–248. doi:10.1094/PDIS-05-18-0759-RE. PMID 30457434. Retrieved 26 January 2024.
- ^ "Harpophora maydis (late wilt of maize)". CABI Digital Library. CABI. 2022. doi:10.1079/cabicompendium.109285. Retrieved 26 January 2024.
- ^ Payak, M. M.; Lal, S.; Janki, Lilaramani; Renfro, B. L. (1970). "Cephalosporium maydis-a new threat to Maize in India". Indian Phytopathology. 23 (3): 562–569. Retrieved 26 January 2024.
- ^ Ahmad, Yasmin; Mirza, M. Siddique; Ghaffar, A. (2000). "Pathogens Associated with Stalk Rot of Corn in Pakistan" (PDF). Pakistan Journal of Botany. 32 (2): 251–253. Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 January 2024. Retrieved 26 January 2024.