Harman and Co. was a well-known and respected English banking firm in the City of London. It was founded around 1740 by Quaker partners Jonathan Gurnell (1684-1753)[1] (who married in 1711 Grizell Wilmer of Pitzhanger Manor) and Joseph Hoare (d. 1729), and was in business until 1846.[2] The firm traded extensively with Portugal[3] and were agents for the Russian Imperial Court in St. Petersburg.[4]
| Formerly |
|
|---|---|
| Industry | Finance |
| Founded | c. 1740 in London England |
| Founders |
|
| Defunct | 1846 |
| Headquarters | London, England, UK |
Key people |
|
| Products | Financial services |
The firm had close ties to the Society for Effecting the Abolition of the Slave Trade[5] The only surviving brother of one of its founders was the abolitionist Samuel Hoare Jr. Jeremiah Harman, son of one of the early investors, was one of the first merchants to support the abolition movement.[5]
Henry Hope, later a significant international merchant banker, apprenticed in the firm during 1754-1760[6][7]
Family Relations of the Company edit
Founder Jonathan Gurnell had left a quaker farming background in Westmorland to try is fortune in London.[8] By his mid twenties he was established as a Portuguese merchant.[8] William Penn and other leading Quakers had attended his marriage in 1711 to Grizzle Wilmer of a family highest Quaker and earlier Puritan credentials.[8] This marriage brought Jonathan Grendel three sons and three daughters.[8] Hanna, one of his daughters married Jeremiah Harman in 1732, she later died young in 1741.[8]
The Harmans and Hoards were descended from military officers who had served in Ireland before the families became Quaker.[8]
After the death of Jonathan Gurnell and two of his sons, in the early 1750's the firm was reorganized as a partnership of his remaining son, Thomas Gurnell and is son-in-law Samuel Hoare.[8] Soon after in 1762 the grandson John harman would join the partnership.[8]
When Samuel Hoare retired in 1774 his place in the firm was replaced with his son, Jonathan Hoare, who was considered to be a disappointment as a merchant.[8] Jonathan moved into "fast society" in a rather "un-Quakerly" fashion, becoming a close friend of the Price of Wales.[8] This left more and more of the firm to be run by his cousin John Harman.[8]
After the deaths Thomas Gurnell and Samuel Hoare Sr. The Harmans eased Jonathan Hoare out of the firm, which then became Harman & Co.[8] Jonathan's other business ventures were also unsuccessful and he was eventually dependant on his brother Samual Hoare Jr.[8]
After the death of John Harman in 1817,[9] his son Jeremiah Harman would then become the sole principle partner until his death in 1846,[3] at which time Harman and Co. would shortly after shut its doors in the hands of the two remaining patterns: Edward Harman and Henry Harman.[4]
Name Changes edit
- Jonathan Gurnell & Co., The firm was started by Jonathan Gurnell and was named after him for many years.
- Gurnell and Hoare c. 1750 - c. 1754[10] at Frederick Place in Old Jewry, London. Samuel Hoare Sr (1716–1796), son-in-law, was involved in the company from the beginning.[11] When his grandson John Harman joined the firm, the name was changed to Gurnell, Hoare, and Harman.
- Gurnell, Hoare, Harman & Co. (Sometimes Gurnell, Hoare, and Harman or Gurnell, Hoare & Co) c.1754[12] - c. 1783[13] at Frederick Place in Old Jewry, London.
- Harman, Hoare, and Co. c.1786[14] - c.1792[15] at Frederick Place in Old Jewry, London
- Harman and Co. c.1804[16]-1846 at Adam's Court of Old Broad Street, London. John's son Jeremiah Harman took over as a principal partner. He was a well-known banker, from 1816-1818 Governor of the Bank of England,[3] and remained a partner of the firm until his death in 1844.
References edit
- ^ Puritan family of Wilmer: their alliances and connections
- ^ Jennings, Judith (November 12, 2013). The Business of Abolishing the British Slave Trade, 1783-1807. Routledge. ISBN 9781317791874 – via Google Books.
- ^ a b c "The Gentleman's Magazine (London, England)". F. Jefferies. May 13, 1844 – via Google Books.
- ^ a b Evans, David Morier (May 13, 1849). "The Commercial Crisis, 1847-1848: Being Facts and Figures Illustrative of the Events of that Important Period Considered in Relation to the Three Epochs of the Railway Mania, the Food and Money Panic and the French Revolution. To which is Added an Appendix..." Letts, Son and Steer – via Google Books.
- ^ a b "The City of London and slavery: evidence from the first dock companies, 1795–1800" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-05-18. Retrieved 2015-05-06.
- ^ Fox, George (May 13, 1925). "The Short Journal and Itinerary Journals of George Fox". CUP Archive – via Google Books.
- ^ "The Gentleman's Magazine, Volume 81, Part 1; Volume 109". 1811.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Dunn, Richard S.; Dunn, Mary Maples (29 September 2015). The World of William Penn. University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 374. ISBN 978-1-5128-0196-5.
- ^ A History of Higham House
- ^ Jennings, Judith (November 12, 2013). The Business of Abolishing the British Slave Trade, 1783-1807. Routledge. ISBN 9781317791874 – via Google Books.
- ^ "Journal of the Cork Historical and Archaeological Society". Cork Historical and Archaeological Society. May 13, 1892 – via Google Books.
- ^ History of the Wilmer family, together with some account of its descendants
- ^ "The New Complete Guide to All Persons who Have Any Trade Or Concern with the City of London, and Parts Adjacent". Longman,Rivingtonand sons. May 13, 1783 – via Google Books.
- ^ "Browse - London Lives". www.londonlives.org.
- ^ "Catalogue description Insured: John Harman, Jonathan Hoare and Jeremiah Harman, Fredericks Place, the Old..." July 6, 1792 – via National Archive of the UK.
- ^ Borrow, George (May 13, 1825). "Celebrated Trials and Remarkable Cases of Criminal Jurisprudence from the Earliest Records to the Year 1825". Knight and Lacey – via Google Books.