Hammadid capture of Fez

Hammadid Capture of Fez
Date	1062
Location	Fez, Morocco
Result	Fez captured and briefly occupied by Buluggin ibn Muhammad
Belligerents
Hammadid dynasty	local Maghrawa rulers
Commanders and leaders
Buluggin ibn Muhammad	unknown
Strength
Unknown	Unknown
Casualties and losses
Unknown	A number of captives taken

The Hammadids captured Fez in 1062, during Buluggin ibn Muhammad's campaign against the Maghrawa tribe that controlled parts of present-day Morocco and western Algeria.

Background edit

Buluggin ibn Muhammad had just coordinated a campaign in Biskra where he restored Hammadid authority.^{[citation needed]}

Capture edit

Buluggin decided to lead an expedition against Fez, which was under the control of local Maghrawa (Zenata) rulers.^[1]^[2]^[3] Buluggin marched against the Almoravids, repelled them and then captured Fez.^[4]^[1]

Aftermath edit

Buluggin spent several months in Fez before leaving, taking with him some of the inhabitants of the city as captives.^[5]^[6]^[7] His paternal cousin Nasir ibn Alnas, who wished to avenge the death of his sister, took the opportunity to assassinate Buluggin during his return journey and then succeeded him as Hammadid ruler.^[5]^[6]^[4] Fez returned afterwards to the control of local Maghrawa, until it was besieged by the Almoravids for many years during the 1060s and eventually fell to them in 1069–70.^[2]^[8]^[3]

References edit

^ ^a ^b Idris, H.R. (1960–2007). "Ḥammādids". In Bearman, P.; Bianquis, Th.; Bosworth, C.E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W.P. (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Brill. ISBN 9789004161214.
^ ^a ^b Messier, Ronald A. (2010). The Almoravids and the Meanings of Jihad. ABC-CLIO. pp. 43–49. ISBN 978-0-313-38589-6.
^ ^a ^b Le Tourneau, Roger (1949). Fès avant le protectorat: étude économique et sociale d'une ville de l'occident musulman. Casablanca: Société Marocaine de Librairie et d'Édition. pp. 50–51.
^ ^a ^b Baadj, A.S. (2015). Saladin, the Almohads and the Banū Ghāniya: The Contest for North Africa (12th and 13th centuries). Studies in the History and Society of the Maghrib. Brill. pp. 41–42. ISBN 978-90-04-29857-6. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
^ ^a ^b Khaldūn, Ibn (1854). Histoire des Berbères et des dynasties musulmanes de l'Afrique Septentrionale (in French). Vol. 2. Impr. du Gouvernement.
^ ^a ^b Kaddache, Mahfoud (1982). L'Algérie médiévale (in French). Société nationale d'édition et de diffusion.
^ Baadj, A.S. (2015). Saladin, the Almohads and the Banū Ghāniya: The Contest for North Africa (12th and 13th centuries). Studies in the History and Society of the Maghrib. Brill. pp. 41–42. ISBN 978-90-04-29857-6. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
^ Abun-Nasr, Jamil (1987). A history of the Maghrib in the Islamic period. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 82. ISBN 0521337674.

[:052-1] Idris, H.R. (1960–2007). "Ḥammādids". In Bearman, P.; Bianquis, Th.; Bosworth, C.E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W.P. (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Brill. ISBN 9789004161214.

[:3-2] Messier, Ronald A. (2010). The Almoravids and the Meanings of Jihad. ABC-CLIO. pp. 43–49. ISBN 978-0-313-38589-6.

[:03-3] Le Tourneau, Roger (1949). Fès avant le protectorat: étude économique et sociale d'une ville de l'occident musulman. Casablanca: Société Marocaine de Librairie et d'Édition. pp. 50–51.

[:02-4] Baadj, A.S. (2015). Saladin, the Almohads and the Banū Ghāniya: The Contest for North Africa (12th and 13th centuries). Studies in the History and Society of the Maghrib. Brill. pp. 41–42. ISBN 978-90-04-29857-6. Retrieved 15 July 2021.

[:2-5] Khaldūn, Ibn (1854). Histoire des Berbères et des dynasties musulmanes de l'Afrique Septentrionale (in French). Vol. 2. Impr. du Gouvernement.

[:1-6] Kaddache, Mahfoud (1982). L'Algérie médiévale (in French). Société nationale d'édition et de diffusion.

[:0-7] Baadj, A.S. (2015). Saladin, the Almohads and the Banū Ghāniya: The Contest for North Africa (12th and 13th centuries). Studies in the History and Society of the Maghrib. Brill. pp. 41–42. ISBN 978-90-04-29857-6. Retrieved 15 July 2021.

[:15-8] Abun-Nasr, Jamil (1987). A history of the Maghrib in the Islamic period. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 82. ISBN 0521337674.

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