H syndrome, also known as Histiocytosis-lymphadenopathy plus syndrome or PHID,[1] is a rare genetic condition caused by mutations in the SLC29A3 gene which encode the human equilibrative nucleoside transporter (hENT3) protein.[2]
| H syndrome | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Histiocytosis-lymphadenopathy plus syndrome |
 | |
| This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner | |
It is also known as Faisalabad histiocytosis, familial Rosai-Dorfman disease, sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy and pigmented hypertrichosis with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus syndrome. [3]
Presentation
editThis syndrome has a number of different clinical features many of which start with the letter 'H' giving rise to the name of the syndrome. These features include[citation needed]
- Hyperpigmentation
- Hypertrichosis
- Hepatosplenomegaly
- Hearing loss
- Heart anomalies
- Hypogonadism
- Low height (short stature)
- Hyperglycemia/diabetes mellitus
- Hallux valgus/flexion contractures
Exophthalmos, malabsorption and renal anomalies have also been reported.[citation needed]
Genetics
editThe SLC29A3 gene is located on the long arm of chromosome 10 (10q22).[citation needed]The causative gene was identified in 2010.[4]
Pathogenesis
editThis is not understood at present.[citation needed]
Diagnosis
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Management
editThere is no curative treatment for this condition at present. Management is directed to the clinical features.[citation needed]
History
editThis condition was first described in 1998.[5]
References
edit- ^ Virginia P. Sybert (2017). Genetic Skin Disorders. Oxford University Press. pp. 182–. ISBN 978-0-19-027648-5.
- ^ Moynihan L M, Bundey SE, Heath D, Jones EL, McHale DP, Mueller RF, Markham, AF, Lench NJ (1998) Autozygosity mapping, to chromosome 11q25, of a rare autosomal recessive syndrome causing histiocytosis, joint contractures, and sensorineural deafness. Am J Hum Genet 62: 1123-1128
- ^ Dilip, Meena; Chauhan, Payal; Hazarika, Neirita; Kumar Kansal, Naveen (Jan–Feb 2018). "H Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of Literature". Indian Journal of Dermatology. 63 (1): 76–78. doi:10.4103/ijd.IJD_264_17. PMC 5838761. PMID 29527032.
- ^ Morgan NV, Morris MR, Cangul H, Gleeson D, Straatman-Iwanowska A, Davies N, Keenan S, Pasha S, Rahman F, Gentle D, Vreeswijk MPG, Devilee P, and 10 others. Mutations in SLC29A3, encoding an equilibrative nucleoside transporter ENT3, cause a familial histiocytosis syndrome (Faisalabad histiocytosis) and familial Rosai-Dorfman disease. PLoS Genet. 6: e1000833
- ^ Moynihan L M, Bundey SE, Heath D, Jones EL, McHale DP, Mueller RF, Markham, AF, Lench NJ (1998) Autozygosity mapping, to chromosome 11q25, of a rare autosomal recessive syndrome causing histiocytosis, joint contractures, and sensorineural deafness. Am J Hum Genet 62: 1123-1128