The George Tooke Shield is a rugby league competition in southern New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory. Founded in 1927, the competition is a part of the broader Canberra Rugby League Division of the New South Wales Rugby League.[2][3]

George Tooke Shield
Current season or competition:
2022 Canberra Rugby League
SportRugby league
Instituted1927
Inaugural season1927
Number of teams10
Country Australia
Premiers Crookwell Green Devils (2022)
Most titles Bungendore Tigers (8 titles)
Broadcast partnerBarTV Sports [1]

Senior Grade Clubs edit

With the advent of the ACTRL in 1982, the George Tooke Shield effectively became the continuation of the Group 8 competition. Note: Other Clubs from the Canberra Rugby League enter teams in Second Division Lower Grades

Club Colours City/Suburb State Home venue Est. Second Division Seasons Second Division Premierships
Total Most recent
Binalong Brahmans   Binalong NSW Binalong Recreation Ground 1930 2000–05, 2007, 2010–11, 2013–14, 2017–19, 2021–present 3 2014
Boorowa Rovers   Boorowa NSW Boorowa Showground 1998 2005–06, 2010–19, 2021–present 0
Bungendore Tigers   Bungendore NSW Mick Sherd Oval 1952 1952, 1955–70, 1977–81, 1988–present 8 2015
Cootamundra Bulldogs   Cootamundra NSW Les Boyd Oval 1922 2021–present 0
Crookwell Green Devils   Crookwell NSW Crookwell Memorial Oval 1925 1994–19, 2021–present 5 2022
Harden-Murrumburrah Hawks   Harden NSW McLean Oval 1920 2009–19, 2021–present 2 2017
North Canberra Bears   Canberra

(Kaleen)

ACT Kaleen Enclosed Oval 1971 1982, 1984–88, 2016–19, 2021–present 3 2019
University of Canberra Stars   Canberra

(Holt)

ACT Raiders Belconnen 2010 2013, 2017–19, 2021–present 0

Former Clubs edit

Club Colours City George Tooke Shield Seasons Reason George Tooke Shield Premierships
Total Last
George Tooke Shield
ADFA Knights   Canberra 2011, 2015–18 Folded 0
Boomanulla Raiders   Canberra 1979–83, 1989–16, 2019, 2021–present Folded 1 1991
Braidwood Bears   Braidwood 1995–96, 1999–00, 2004–06, 2008–11, 2016 Folded 0
Burrangong Bears   Young 1942–2021, 2023 In recess 0
Cooma United Stallions   Cooma 2001–04 Moved to Group 16 Premiership 2 2003
Duntroon Titans   Canberra 2005–07 Folded 0
East Canberra Tigers   Canberra 1995, 1999 Folded 0
Gordon Highlanders   Goulburn 2008–11, 2013, 2020 Folded 1 2020
Goulburn Exchange Rabbitohs   Goulburn 1995–97, 1999–00, 2002–10, 2012 Folded 1 1996
Gunning Roos  
Harman Seadogs   Canberra 1999–11 Folded 0
Hall Hornets   Canberra 2011–12 Folded 1 2012
Jerrabomberra Diggers   Queanbeyan 1995, 1997–98 Folded 0
Northern Power 2000 Folded 0
Sails Pirates   Canberra 1997 Folded 0
Snowy River Bears   Jindabyne 1997–02 Moved to Group 16 Premiership 0
South Pacific 1998 Folded 0
South Tuggeranong Knights   Canberra 1998–02 Merged with Tuggeranong United Buffaloes & Valley Dragons to form Tuggeranong Bushrangers 1 2000
Southwest Brahmans   Binalong 2008 Demerged to form Harden Hawks and Binalong Brahmans 0
Tuggeranong Bushrangers   Canberra 2003–05, 2007–08 Pulled team out of Second Division 1 2007
University Scholars   Canberra 1998, 2002–05 Moved to Canberra Raiders Cup as North Belconnen Scholars 1 2004
Valley Dragons   Canberra 1999–01 Moved to Canberra Raiders Cup 0
Valley Statesmen   Canberra 1998–06 Folded 0
West Belconnen Warriors   Canberra 2006–08, 2010 Pulled team out of Second Division 0
Yass Magpies   Yass 1995–98, 2000, 2013–14 Moved to Canberra Raiders Cup 3 1998

George Tooke Shield Grand Finals edit

Year Premiers Score Runners-up Match Information
Date Venue Referee
Federal Capital Territory and District Rugby League (1927–36)
1927 Hall   11 – 2   Duntroon 24 September 1927 Duntroon Sports Ground, Canberra
1928 Acton Rovers   7 – 3   Russell Hill 1 September 1928 Manuka Oval, Canberra I. Lott
1929 South City   13 – 2   Hall
1930 West City   6 – 5   Hall 16 August 1930
1931 North City   7 – 0   South City
1932 (2) West City   11 – 0   North City 17 September 1932 Acton, Canberra C. Parker
1933 (2) South City   7 – 5   Hall 2 September 1933 Manuka Oval, Canberra
1934 (3) South City   9 – 8   Molonglo 1 September 1934 Stevens
1935 (4) South City   8 – 7   Molonglo
1936 Queanbeyan United Blues   6 – 0   Canberra City 19 September 1936 Northbourne Oval, Canberra J. Baker
1937 No Second Division Competition
1938
1939
1940 No Group Competition Due to World War II
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
ACT District Rugby League (1946–76)
1946 (2) North City   15 – 5   West City 22 September 1946 Queanbeyan Showground, Queanbeyan
1947 (3) North City   6 – 3   Causeway Rovers 6 September 1947
1948 (4) North City   15 – 10   Causeway Rovers 28 August 1948 Northbourne Oval, Canberra
1949 (5) North City   8 – 0   Causeway Rovers
1950 (6) North City   10 – 9   Causeway Rovers
1951 Causeway Rovers   10 – 9   North City
1952 Captains Flat Redmen   11 – 10   Causeway Rovers 21 September 1952 Northbourne Oval, Canberra
1953 (7) North City   21 – 2   Causeway Rovers 30 August 1953 Manuka Oval, Canberra K. Gibb
1954 No Second Division Competition
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964 Harman   20 – 15   Canberra Rovers 23 August 1964 Queanbeyan Showground, Queanbeyan
1965 Royal Australian Air Force   11 – 3   Captains Flat Redmen
1966 Bungendore Tigers   9 – 7   Braidwood Bears 4 September 1966 Queanbeyan Showground, Queanbeyan
1967 Queanbeyan Kangaroos   11 – 9   Bungendore Tigers 27 August 1967 Seiffert Oval, Queanbeyan
1968 (2) Captains Flat Redmen   4 – 3   Bungendore Tigers 25 August 1968 Northbourne Oval, Canberra
1969 Woden Valley Rams   30 – 4   ANU-Harman 23 August 1969 Seiffert Oval, Queanbeyan
1970 (3) Captains Flat Redmen   12 – 7   Woden Valley Rams 30 August 1970 Seiffert Oval, Queanbeyan
1971 (4) Captains Flat Redmen   25 – 8   St Christophers Saints 5 September 1971 Northbourne Oval, Canberra L. Petherbridge
1972 North Canberra Bears   39 – 16   Captains Flat Redmen 10 September 1972 Manuka Oval, Canberra B. Chapman
1973 West Canberra Magpies   25 – 6   Belconnen United Panthers 9 September 1973 Manuka Oval, Canberra
1974 (2) Bungendore Tigers   5 – 3   Australian National University 8 September 1974 Manuka Oval, Canberra A. Laird
1975 Harman Sailors   13 – 4   West Canberra Magpies 14 September 1975 Manuka Oval, Canberra
1976 Canberra Camels   12 – 7   Harman Sailors 29 August 1976 Northbourne Oval, Canberra
Group 19 Second Division (1977–79)
1977 (2) Canberra Camels   7 – 5   Captains Flat Redmen 4 September 1977 Manuka Oval, Canberra
1978 (5) Captains Flat Redmen   16 – 3   Canberra Camels 3 September 1978 Northbourne Oval, Canberra
1979 (6) Captains Flat Redmen   21 – 7   Australian National University 23 September 1979 Northbourne Oval, Canberra J. Ellis
ACT Rugby League Second Division (1980–85)
1980 (3) Canberra Camels   15 – 10   Captains Flat Redmen 27 September 1980 Northbourne Oval, Canberra N. Wardle
1981 (7) Captains Flat Redmen   15 – 5   Canberra Camels 6 September 1981 Northbourne Oval, Canberra J. Ellis
1982 Lakes United Sharks   18 – 5   North Canberra Bears 19 September 1982 Workers Arena, Goulburn R. Cambridge
1983 Weston Creek Rabbitohs   18 – 6   Harman Super Sailors 18 September 1983 Seiffert Oval, Queanbeyan R. Lloyd
1984 (2) Harman Super Sailors   28 – 8   North Canberra Bears 16 September 1984 Northbourne Oval, Canberra D. Sparks
1985 (4) Ambassador Camels   38 – 6   North Canberra Bears 8 September 1985 Northbourne Oval, Canberra D. Sparks
Canberra Cup (1986–98)
1986 Yass United Magpies   13 – 6   Ambassador Camels 21 September 1986 Northbourne Oval, Canberra A. Thompson
1987 Gunning Kangaroos   10 – 6   Valley Statesmen 30 August 1987 Northbourne Oval, Canberra G. Jones
1988 Valley Statesmen   7 – 2   Queanbeyan RSL Diggers 28 August 1988 Northbourne Oval, Canberra G. Jones
1989 Queanbeyan RSL Diggers   35 – 2   Canberra Giants 17 September 1989 Northbourne Oval, Canberra N. Maher
1990 (2) Yass United Magpies   26 – 18   Bungendore Tigers 15 September 1990 Seiffert Oval, Queanbeyan G. Jones
1991 Bogong Warriors   34 – 16   Valley Dragons 14 September 1991 Seiffert Oval, Queanbeyan A. Thompson
1992 Valley Dragons   24 – 20   Valley Statesmen 13 September 1992 Seiffert Oval, Queanbeyan A. Thompson
1993 (2) Jerrabomberra Diggers   28 – 8   Bogong Warriors 12 September 1993 Seiffert Oval, Queanbeyan R. Cranston
1994 Crookwell Green Devils   20 – 12   Jerrabomberra Diggers 27 August 1994 Northbourne Oval, Canberra J. Elliott
East Canberra Tigers   15 – 8   Canberra Gladiators 27 August 1994 Northbourne Oval, Canberra B. Cummins
1995 Sails Pirates   6 – 4   Bungendore Tigers 2 September 1995 Seiffert Oval, Queanbeyan B. Cummins
1996 (3) Harman Sailors   14 – 12   Sails Pirates R. Gallacher
1997 (2) Valley Statesmen   20 – 16   South Tuggeranong Knights 30 August 1997 Boomanulla Oval, Canberra B. Cobb
1998 (3) Bungendore Tigers   30 – 6   Goulburn Stockmen G. Pfeiffer
George Tooke Shield (1995–Present)
1995 (3) Yass United Magpies   15 – 4   Jerrabomberra Diggers 2 September 1995 Seiffert Oval, Queanbeyan R. Cranston
1996 Goulburn Exchange Rabbitohs   16 – 6   Crookwell Green Devils R. Cranston
1997 (4) Yass United Magpies   32 – 12   Sails Pirates 30 August 1997 Boomanulla Oval, Canberra G. Pfeiffer
1998 (5) Yass United Magpies   30 – 8   South Tuggeranong Knights B. Bolton
1999 (4) Bungendore Tigers   17 – 16   Crookwell Green Devils 12 September 1999 Seiffert Oval, Queanbeyan B. Bolton
2000 South Tuggeranong Knights   20 – 12   Goulburn Exchange Rabbitohs I. Freeman
2001 (5) Bungendore Tigers   26 – 14   South Tuggeranong Knights Seiffert Oval, Queanbeyan R. Gallacher
2002 Cooma United Stallions   18 – 16   Crookwell Green Devils 15 September 2002 Seiffert Oval, Queanbeyan R. Gallacher
2003 (2) Cooma United Stallions   16 – 14   Binalong Brahmans 31 August 2003 Seiffert Oval, Queanbeyan D. Feenan
2004 University Scholars   28 – 8   Boomanulla Raiders 29 August 2004 Seiffert Oval, Queanbeyan D. Feenan
2005 (2) Crookwell Green Devils   34 – 22   Tuggeranong Valley Bushrangers 28 August 2005 Seiffert Oval, Queanbeyan S. Johnson
2006 (3) Crookwell Green Devils   14 – 8   Bungendore Tigers 3 September 2006 Seiffert Oval, Queanbeyan R. Moore
2007 Tuggeranong Valley Bushrangers   17 – 14   Bungendore Tigers 9 September 2007 Seiffert Oval, Queanbeyan R. Moore
2008 (6) Bungendore Tigers   23 – 14   Southwest Brahmans 28 September 2008 Seiffert Oval, Queanbeyan M. Dagwell
2009 Harden-Murrumburrah Hawks   17 – 14   Bungendore Tigers 27 September 2009 Seiffert Oval, Queanbeyan J. Tennent
2010 Binalong Brahmans   25 – 12   Harden-Murrumburrah Hawks 19 September 2010 Seiffert Oval, Queanbeyan J. West
2011 (7) Bungendore Tigers   28 – 22   Binalong Brahmans 11 September 2011 Seiffert Oval, Queanbeyan M. Forster
2012 Hall Hornets   34 – 12   Bungendore Tigers 9 September 2012 Raiders Belconnen, Canberra T. Flynn
2013 (2) Binalong Brahmans   32 – 6   Harden-Murrumburrah Hawks 31 August 2013 Binalong Recreation Ground, Binalong M. Jones
2014 (3) Binalong Brahmans   30 – 4   Harden-Murrumburrah Hawks 30 August 2014 Binalong Recreation Ground, Binalong R. Moore
2015 (8) Bungendore Tigers   28 – 12   Yass United Magpies 29 August 2015 Mick Sherd Oval, Bungendore H. Fallah
2016 (2) North Canberra Bears   17 – 12   Harden-Murrumburrah Hawks 10 September 2016 McLean Oval, Harden H. Fallah
2017 (2) Harden-Murrumburrah Hawks   24 – 20   Crookwell Green Devils 9 September 2017 Crookwell Memorial Oval, Crookwell T. Flynn
2018 (4) Crookwell Green Devils   22 – 16   North Canberra Bears 8 September 2018 Crookwell Memorial Oval, Crookwell G. Widdowson
2019 (3) North Canberra Bears   24 – 16   Crookwell Green Devils 14 September 2019 Jamison Oval, Canberra G. Widdowson
2020 Gordon Highlanders   24 – 10   Bungendore Tigers 26 September 2020 Mick Sherd Oval, Bungendore L. Barrow
2021 Competition Suspended Due to Covid-19
2022 (5) Crookwell Green Devils   14 – 10   Bungendore Tigers 3 September 2022 Mick Sherd Oval, Bungendore D. Charman
2023 Boorowa Rovers   22 – 8   Crookwell Green Devils 9 September 2023 Crookwell Memorial Oval, Crookwell D. Charman

Team performance edit

Team Winners Runners-up Years won Years runner-up
  Bungendore Tigers 8 10 1966, 1974, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2008, 2011, 2015 1967, 1968, 1990, 1995, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012, 2020, 2022
  Captains Flat Redmen 7 4 1952, 1968, 1970, 1971, 1978, 1979, 1981 1965, 1972, 1977, 1980
  North City 7 3 1931, 1946, 1947, 1948, 1949, 1950, 1953 1932, 1936, 1951
  Crookwell Green Devils 5 6 1994, 2005, 2006, 2018, 2022 1996, 1999, 2002, 2017, 2019, 2023
  Yass United Magpies 5 1 1986, 1990, 1995, 1997, 1998 2015
  Ambassador Camels 4 3 1976, 1977, 1980, 1985 1978, 1981, 1986
  South City 4 1 1929, 1933, 1934, 1935 1931
  North Canberra Bears 3 4 1972, 2016, 2019 1982, 1984, 1985, 2018
  Harman Sailors 3 2 1975, 1984, 1996 1976, 1983
  Binalong Brahmans 3 2 2010, 2013, 2014 2003, 2011
  Harden-Murrumburrah Hawks 2 4 2009, 2017 2010, 2013, 2014, 2016
  Jerrabomberra Diggers 2 3 1989, 1993 1988, 1994, 1995
  Valley Statesmen 2 2 1988, 1997 1987, 1992
  West City 2 1 1930, 1932 1946
  Cooma United Stallions 2 0 2002, 2003
  Canberra Rovers 1 7 1951 1947, 1948, 1949, 1950, 1952, 1953, 1964
  Hall 1 3 1927 1929, 1930, 1933
  South Tuggeranong Knights 1 3 2000 1997, 1998, 2001
  Boomanulla Raiders 1 2 1991 1993, 2004
  Sails Pirates 1 2 1995 1996, 1997
  Woden Valley Rams 1 1 1969 1970
  West Canberra Magpies 1 1 1973 1975
  Valley Dragons 1 1 1992 1991
  Goulburn Exchange Rabbitohs 1 1 1996 2000
  Tuggeranong Valley Bushrangers 1 1 2007 2005
  Acton Rovers 1 0 1928
  Queanbeyan United Blues 1 0 1936
  Harman/Navy 1 0 1964
  Royal Australian Air Force 1 0 1965
  Queanbeyan Kangaroos 1 0 1967
  Lakes United Sharks 1 0 1982
  Weston Creek Rabbitohs 1 0 1983
  Gunning Roos 1 0 1987
  East Canberra Tigers 1 0 1994
  Belconnen United Scholars 1 0 2004
  Hall Hornets 1 0 2012
  Gordon Highlanders 1 0 2020
  Boorowa Rovers 1 0 2023
  Molonglo 0 2 1934, 1935
  Australian National University 0 2 1974, 1979
  Duntroon 0 1 1927
  Russell Hill 0 1 1928
  Braidwood Bears 0 1 1966
  ANU-Harman 0 1 1969
  South Woden Saints 0 1 1971
  Belconnen United Panthers 0 1 1973
  Canberra Giants 0 1 1989
  Canberra Gladiators 0 1 1994
  Goulburn Stockmen 0 1 1998
  Southwest Brahmans 0 1 2008

Second Division Under 18/19s Grand Finals edit

Year Premiers Score Runners-up Match Information
Date Venue Referee
George Tooke Shield Under 18s (1995–96)
1995 East Canberra Tigers   30 – 6   Yass United Magpies 2 September 1995 Seiffert Oval, Queanbeyan B. Northey
1996 Goulburn Exchange Rabbitohs   22 – 0   Yass United Magpies M. Cutler
1997 No Second Division Under 18s Competition
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
Canberra Raiders Cup Under 18s Division 2 (2011–15)
2011 Queanbeyan Kangaroos   32 – 26   Queanbeyan United Blues 11 September 2011 Seiffert Oval, Queanbeyan A. Williams
2012 Bungendore Tigers   28 – 12   Tuggeranong Valley Bushrangers 23 September 2012 Seiffert Oval, Queanbeyan J. West
2013 Gungahlin Bulls   24 – 16   Queanbeyan Kangaroos 1 September 2013 Seiffert Oval, Queanbeyan L. Barrow
2014 Tuggeranong Valley Bushrangers   30 – 6   Gungahlin Bulls 7 September 2014 Seiffert Oval, Queanbeyan J. Gould
2015 (2) Gungahlin Bulls   20 – 14   Tuggeranong Valley Bushrangers 6 September 2015 Seiffert Oval, Queanbeyan L. Barrow
George Tooke Shield Youth League (2016–18)
2016 (2) Tuggeranong Valley Bushrangers   14 – 4   Harden-Murrumburrah Hawks 10 September 2016 McLean Oval, Harden J. Gould
2017 Harden-Murrumburrah Hawks   36 – 0   North Canberra Bears 9 September 2017 Crookwell Memorial Oval, Crookwell L. Barrow
2018 Yass United Magpies   10 – 2   Harden-Boorowa 8 September 2018 Crookwell Memorial Oval, Crookwell J. Wharehinga
Canberra Raiders Cup Under 19s Division 2 (2019–Present)
2019 (3) Tuggeranong Valley Bushrangers   15 – 12   North Canberra Bears 14 September 2019 Jamison Oval, Canberra C. Davis
2020 No Competition Due to COVID-19
2021 No Second Division Under 19s Competition
2022 Woden Valley Rams   34 – 14   Tuggeranong Valley Bushrangers 3 September 2022 Mick Sherd Oval, Bungendore J. Black
2023 No Second Division Under 19s Competition

Team performance edit

Team Winners Runners-up Years won Years runner-up
  Tuggeranong Valley Bushrangers 3 3 2014, 2016, 2019 2012, 2015, 2022
  Gungahlin Bulls 2 1 2013, 2015 2014
  Yass United Magpies 1 2 2018 1995, 1996
  Queanbeyan Kangaroos 1 1 2011 2013
  Harden-Murrumburrah Hawks 1 1 2017 2016
  East Canberra Tigers 1 0 1995
  Goulburn Exchange Rabbitohs 1 0 1996
  Bungendore Tigers 1 0 2012
  Woden Valley Rams 1 0 2022
  North Canberra Bears 0 2 2017, 2019
  Queanbeyan United Blues 0 1 2011
  Harden-Boorowa 0 1 2018

Second Division (George Tooke Shield) Ladies League Tag edit

Year Premiers Score Runners-up Match Information
Date Venue Referee
George Tooke Shield Touch Premiership (2014)
2014 Binalong Jersey Girls   7 – 2   Harden-Murrumburrah Hawkettes 30 August 2014 Binalong Recreation Ground, Binalong
George Tooke Shield Ladies League Tag (2015–Present)
2015 Bungendore Tigerettes   10 – 8   Harden-Murrumburrah Hawkettes 29 August 2015 Mick Sherd Oval, Bungendore A. O'Brien
2016 Harden-Murrumburrah Hawkettes   7 – 6   Bungendore Tigerettes 10 September 2016 McLean Oval, Harden A. O'Brien
2017 (2) Bungendore Tigerettes   28 – 16   Harden-Murrumburrah Hawkettes 9 September 2017 Crookwell Memorial Oval, Crookwell A. O'Brien
2018 (2) Harden-Murrumburrah Hawkettes   14 – 10   Bungendore Tigerettes 8 September 2018 Crookwell Memorial Oval, Crookwell J. Black
2019 (3) Harden-Murrumburrah Hawkettes   34 – 6   Crookwell She Devils 14 September 2019 Jamison Oval, Canberra A. Richardson
2020 Burrangong Bears   20 – 14   Bungendore Tigerettes 26 September 2020 Mick Sherd Oval, Bungendore A. Richardson
2021 Competition Suspended Due to Covid-19
2022 (4) Harden-Murrumburrah Hawkettes   28 – 2   Boorowa Roverettes 3 September 2022 Mick Sherd Oval, Bungendore G. Doherty
2023 (5) Harden-Murrumburrah Hawkettes   10 – 0   Cootamundra Bullettes 9 September 2023 Crookwell Memorial Oval, Crookwell A. Batten

Team performance edit

Team Winners Runners-up Years won Years runner-up
  Harden-Murrumburrah Hawkettes 5 3 2016, 2018, 2019, 2022, 2023 2014, 2015, 2017
  Bungendore Tigerettes 2 3 2015, 2017 2016, 2018, 2020
  Binalong Jersey Girls 1 0 2014
  Burrangong Bears 1 0 2020
  Crookwell She Devils 0 1 2019
  Boorowa Roverettes 0 1 2022
  Cootamundra Bullettes 0 1 2023

Second Division Women's Tackle edit

Year Premiers Score Runners-up Match Information
Date Venue Referee
Katrina Fanning Cup (2022–Present)
2022 Harden-Murrumburrah Worhawks   10 – 4   South Coast United Marlins 3 September 2022 Mick Sherd Oval, Bungendore M. Bayley
2023 Queanbeyan United Blues   32 – 14   Harden-Murrumburrah Worhawks 9 September 2023 Crookwell Memorial Oval, Crookwell J. Severs

Team Performance edit

Team Winners Runners-up Years won Years runner-up
  Harden-Murrumburrah Worhawks 1 1 2022 2023
  Queanbeyan United Blues 1 0 2023
  South Coast United Marlins 0 1 2022

References edit

  1. ^ "Watch George Tooke Shield matches LIVE on BarTV Sports!".
  2. ^ "Association: Canberra Region Rugby League". www.playrugbyleague.com. Retrieved 2022-11-13.
  3. ^ Perry, Ethan (2022-06-10). "Why George Tooke Shield is 'more than just a pub comp'". The Canberra Times. Retrieved 2022-11-13.