Francisco Mariño y Soler[1] (9 October 1780; 31 August 1876) was a soldier, politician, and aristocrat. He was a patriot and Knight of the Order of Santiago.
Francisco Mariño y Soler | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Lieutenant Colonel of Colombia Army during the War of Independence, Counselor of War, Brigadier General in Retirement, Senator of the Republic. | |
| In office 1809–1863 | |
| Major of Sogamoso City | |
| Senator of Republic of New Granada | |
| Senator of Granadine Confederation | |
| Senator of United States of Colombia | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Francisco Mariño y Soler 9 October 1780 Tunja, New Kingdom of Granada, Spanish Empire (present-day Colombia) |
| Died | 31 August 1876 Tibasosa, Colombia (present-day Colombia) |
| Nationality | Spain - Colombia |
| Spouse(s) | Ana María Pinzón y Currea (first) Camila Franco y Currea (second) |
Neogranadinan Revolution edit
As an intellectual and fervent defender of the human rights, he absorbs much of the eighteenth and nineteenth century literature. At the outbreak of revolution in New Granada, he is placed at the service of the Republic and is appointed Colonel of the Liberation Army.[2]
He moves on to carry out some undercover reconnaissance using his social position and then proceeds to financially support the independence from Spain, affording Simon Bolivar's militia with lodging and victuals in addition to providing Bolívar's revolutionary armies with hefty stipends and numerous choice saddled horses on several occasions, until the liberation was completed.
When events thrust, the Restoration of the Spanish Monarchy and Pacification by the Spanish crown headed by General Pablo Morillo, brings about a violent pacification in the lands of the New Granada. From the Captaincy General of Venezuela Morillo warns the War Ministry of Spain about the situation and the three Mariño brothers rebellion, in special about Francisco and Ignacio.
Morillo receives absolute power to carry out his duties as General and reconquistador. He then imprisons and executes the majority of noblemen. Except for Francisco who is arrested instead, tried and confined to his house in Tibasosa (the same building that serves today as the Biblioteca Pública Francisco Mariño y Soler[3]). While there, he devotes most of the time to reading and maturing his political outlook.
The sentence imposed on Francisco was never brought about.[4] The very hand of the Spanish Crown over his head prevented General Pablo Morillo to vent his rage against him while also preserving his brother, Captain Fray Ignacio Mariño y Torres. However, Francisco's honors were stripped instead.
As a military, he fought in the Battle of Vargas Swamp near Bonza and the Battle of Boyacá.[5]
Republican life edit
At the dawn of Colombia's independence, Francisco becomes Mayor of the city of Sogamoso and after that he serves as a Senator of the Republic of New Granada, Granadine Confederation and United States of Colombia, where he is involved in the creation of laws and furthers the development of the nascent democracy. A fervent Catholic, he serves the state in different ways. One of those ways was to deliver most of its wealth and wealth to the nation that he helped build. As a politician, he was a constituent congressman and senator at different stages of development of Colombia.
Private life edit
He retired from office when he considered the duties to his nation to be completely fulfilled, and settled in his hacienda "Ayalas", where he dedicated his time to agriculture and the care of his numerous offspring.
He was a Knight of the Order of the Liberator and the only Colombian to-date to have received the honorable title of Cincinnatus, an honor that he shares with George Washington.
- NOTE:
- Cincinnatus: Epigraph used after L. Quinctius Cincinnatus -and generally used to describe a virtuous Roman patrician-, a model of civic virtue. Cincinnatus saved Rome from the Celtic invasions of the North. Although the Roman dictatorship is attached to his name, it was not really a dictatorship as we know it today. This used to be an office held for a set time retrofitted with all the powers while implying the officer's resignation after completion of their missions.
- The meaning of Cincinnatus when applied to Washington and Mariño is that of worthy, honest, generous, brave, noble, patrician of the nation. Essentially Primus Inter Pares.
This rare gentleman, as active and courageous in war as he was modest and peaceful in the home of his elders, determined his life in such fashion that he subjected himself to an unchanging hygienic system whereby he managed to live for almost a century.
He used to: get up at dawn, have a light breakfast at seven in the morning, walk great distances, eat sparingly at two in the afternoon, and go to bed at seven o'clock.
He had no vices; he did not even drink spirits. He never uttered a lie, or any word that would hurt. A firm believer in God, he knew how to worship uprightly.
Family edit
Born in the Tunja city, Francisco Mariño y Soler was member of one of the most noble colonial families in Kingdom of New Granada which descends from one of the oldest and most noble lineages of Spain, the Mariño Lineage,[6][7] undoubtedly related to most ancient, noble and royal lineages [8] as stated in the history of the Grandees of Spain, The Mariño surname, has been associated through myth with mermaids: "Vilaxoán tiene a los Mariño, una familia de nobles vinculada a los seres mitológicos del mar, estrechamente relacionados con los mitos y las leyendas gallegas. El apellido de quienes fueron dueños del pazo de Sobrán hunde sus raíces, de hecho, en la nómina de seres fabulosos que se pasean por Galicia" [9]
His parents were Miguel Augustín Mariño de los Reyes and María Josefa Soler y Currea. He was a great-great-grandson of Jerónimo Mariño de Lobeira y Sotomayor,[10] Spanish explorer, settler, captain of the king and high justice in Santa Rosa de Viterbo, who arrived in America from Pontevedra between 1639 and 1641. His half-brother Ignacio Mariño y Torres,[11] Dominican priest, colonel of liberty Army and Magister Misioniss and his cousin Santiago Mariño Carige Fitzgerald,[12] General in Chief of East Army and President of Republic of Venezuela. Remarkably, his ancestors were: ambassadors,[13][14][15] priests,[16] ship owners,[17] troubadours,[18][19] businessmen, explorers, colonizers and rulers.
Titles edit
- Knight of the Order of Santiago.
- Knight of the Order of Alcántara.
- Knight of the Order of the Liberator.
Military grades and charges edit
- Lieutenant Colonel of the Liberation Army.
- Brigadier General at retirement.
- Mayor of the City of Sogamoso.
- Senator of the Republic.
Republic Honors edit
- Cincinato.
- Patrician.
Thought edit
Francisco Mariño y Soler in images edit
-
Francisco Mariño y Soler's Sabre. -
Francisco Mariño y Soler bust in Tibasosa, Boyacá main square. -
Francisco Mariño y Soler and Camila Franco y Currea (de Mariño) tombs in Tibasosa, Boyacá, Colombia.
References edit
- ^ Hollmann de Villaveces, Fenita Quintero González, Miguel Wenceslao Restrepo Posada, José Balen, Eduardo, Genealogías de Santa Fe de Bogotá, Book V, published by: Fernando Restrepo Uribe, 2006-06-30. ISBN 978-958-97876-3-2
- ^ Rodriguéz Camargo, Jesús Alfonso, general Secretary of Congress of Republic of Colombia / Project of Law 075 from 2010, www.imprentia.gov.co Archived 2016-04-07 at the Wayback Machine, 2010.
- ^ "Biblioteca Púbica Municipal Francisco Mariño y Soler". Archived from the original on 2017-08-24. Retrieved 2017-08-24.
- ^ TIBASOSA EN LA CAMPAÑA LIBERTADORA, Tibasosa en la campaña libertadora, August 10, 1999, Newspaper El Tiempo, www.eltiempo.com
- ^ Caballero Calderon, Eduardo. Brevario, El Malpensante Archived 2018-01-18 at the Wayback Machine.
- ^ http://pares.mcu.es/ Garcia Oro, José, de Barcelos Pedro (B:R:A:G [PARES] Files
- ^ Genealogías de Ortegal, 2010, www.xenealogiasdeortegal.net. [Mariño, S, XII and XIV
- ^ Estudios Arqueológicos / Archeological Studies, Pages 393, 394, 395, Edited and Published by: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas de Galicia, Printed by: Estilo Estugraf Impresores, Galicia, Spain. ISBN 978-84-00-08621-3Cerveira de Alburquerque, Eduardo. De la Iglésia González Antonio.
- ^ Luaña, Susana. Los ojos azules del hijo de la sirena, Una leyenda relaciona a los Mariño y sus descendientes con los seres mitológicos del mar. La Voz de Galicia, June 20 on 2014. www.lavozdegalicia.es
- ^ Hollmann de Villaveces, Fenita Quintero González, Miguel Wenceslao Restrepo Posada, José Balen, Eduardo, Genealogias de Santa Fe de Bogotá, Tomo V, Edited by: Restrepo Uribe, Fernando, 2006. ISBN 978-958-97876-3-2
- ^ Quijano Otero, José María. El Alma del Padre Mariño / The Priest Mariño Soul, Biblioteca del Banco de la República de Colombia Luis Ángel Arango. www.banrepcultural.org
- ^ Franco Vargas, Constancio. El Jeneral, Santiago Mariño, Biblioteca del Banco de la República de Colombia Luis Ángel Arango. www.banrepcultural.org
- ^ Foundation Duke House of Medinacelli, Payo Gómez de Sotomayor, Marshall and Ambassador of Castilla. www.fundacionmedinacelli.org
- ^ da Ponte, Vasco / de Salazar y Castro, Luis / Manso Porto, Carmen / Vila Suso. Gómez de Soutomaior, s. XV and XVII, Xenealogías de Ortegal, 200 - 2016. www.xenealogiasdeortegal.net
- ^ De Molina Gonzalo Argote, Historia del Gran Tamorlan, pgs, 2, 3, Printed by: Don Antonio de Sancha, M. DCC. LXXXII, Madrid, Spain
- ^ Garcia Oro, José / Gallo Felgueiras, (Albuequerque Eduardo). Familia Marinho, Vasco Pérez Mariño, Bispo de Orense, presente no conselho de Alfonso XI de Vallodolid, January 16 on 1336. Foros Geneall.net, May 16 on 2001. www.geneall.net
- ^ Gallego Dominguez, Olga Coloquio Galaico Minhoto, Volume II, Documentos sobre Portugal. Sobre el pago de tres naos encargadas por el Rey de Portugal a Juan Mariño, hidalgo de la Cámara del Emperador en Bayona. foros Geneall.net, May 8, 2001, #139646. www.geneall.net
- ^ Cotarello y Valledor, Amador. Songs of Payo Gómez Chariño/ Cancionero de Payo Gómez Chariño, poetas Gallegos del siglo XIII, Published 1931 by Tip. de Archivos in Madrid. Written in Spanish. Library of Congress PQ9469.G6 C57
- ^ Cotarello y Valledor, Amador. Brothers Iohannis Marinus / Los Hermanos Eans Mariño, poetas Gallegos del siglo XIII, Published 1933 by Tip. de Archivos in Madrid. Written in Spanish. Library of Congress PQ9469.E3 C6
External links edit
- Portal de Archivos Españoles
- National Museum of Colombia. Board independence and heroes.
- National Library of Colombia
- Luis Angel Arango Library Archived 2022-05-01 at the Wayback Machine
- Colombian Academy of History Archived 2017-02-02 at the Wayback Machine
- Consello da Cultura Gallega, Os documentos do Tombo de Toxos Outos.
- "TIBASOSA EN LA CAMPAÑA LIBERTADORA". El Tiempo (Colombia) article.
- Enciclopedia Salvat. Salvat Editores. Edition of 1959.