The enzyme ent-kaurene synthase (EC 4.2.3.19) catalyzes the chemical reaction

ent-kaurene synthase
Identifiers
EC no.4.2.3.19
CAS no.9055-64-5
Databases
IntEnzIntEnz view
BRENDABRENDA entry
ExPASyNiceZyme view
KEGGKEGG entry
MetaCycmetabolic pathway
PRIAMprofile
PDB structuresRCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum
Gene OntologyAmiGO / QuickGO
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NCBIproteins
ent-copalyl diphosphate ent-kaurene + diphosphate

This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically those carbon-oxygen lyases acting on phosphates. The systematic name of this enzyme class is ent-copalyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase (cyclizing, ent-kaurene-forming). Other names in common use include ent-kaurene synthase B, ent-kaurene synthetase B, ent-copalyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase, and (cyclizing). This enzyme participates in diterpenoid biosynthesis.

In Stevia

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In Stevia spp., ent-kaurene synthase is a required part of the biosynthesis of steviol.[1][2] Hajihashemi et al., 2013 find that it is involved in the drought stress response and – because it mimics drought stress – paclobutrazol toxicity.[1][2] Both inhbit transcription of steviol glycoside synthesis genes including ent-kaurene synthase.[1][2] This is believed to reduce steviol content in the final plant product.[1][2]

References

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  1. ^ a b c d Zhou, Xuan; Gong, Mengyue; Lv, Xueqin; Liu, Yanfeng; Li, Jianghua; Du, Guocheng; Liu, Long (2021). "Metabolic engineering for the synthesis of steviol glycosides: current status and future prospects". Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 105 (13). Springer: 5367–5381. doi:10.1007/s00253-021-11419-3. ISSN 0175-7598.
  2. ^ a b c d Hajihashemi, Shokoofeh (2021). "Agronomic practices". Steviol Glycosides. Elsevier. pp. 31–56. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-820060-5.00002-9.