Elijah Hoole (architect)

Elijah Hoole (1837 – 27 March 1912) was an English architect of Methodist churches, settlement halls and social housing. In relation to the social housing, he worked closely with the social reformer Octavia Hill for over 40 years.

Early life

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Hoole was born in London in 1837 to Elijah Hoole, a Wesleyan Methodist missionary, and his wife, Elizabeth, the third daughter of the lock and safe manufacturer, Charles Chubb.[1]

Career

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Hoole was a pupil of James Simpson (not to be confused with James Simpson (engineer)) in 1854, and was subsequently his assistant until he set up his own practice in 1863.[2] [3]

Hoole had a long working relationship with Octavia Hill: he was her "favourite" architect[4] and worked for Hill for 40 years.[5] Hoole employed a Ruskinian style and approach to Arts and Crafts design.[6] In similar vein, he designed both the first university settlement, Toynbee Hall, [7] and the only Methodist settlement, Bermondsey Settlement.[8] He also designed Methodist churches in England, Canada and Belize.

Selected works

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With James Simpson:

With James Wilson:

On his own account:

  • Sunbury Wesleyan Chapel, Staines Road East, Sunbury-on-Thames, 1865. Replaced by a modern Methodist church.[17]
  • Wesleyan Methodist Chapel, Honduras Bay, Belize City, British Honduras (now called Belize), 1865–66. Hoole's chapel replaced one destroyed by fire in 1863. It featured an unusual octagonal spire, rising above a tapering square tower with an arched external entrance.[18] In turn, Hoole's chapel, known as Big Wesley, was destroyed in the 1931 British Honduras hurricane.[19]
 
Zabludowicz Collection, formerly Wesleyan Methodist Chapel, Kentish Town
 
George Street United Church in St John's
 
Toynbee Hall
 
Redcross Cottages from Red Cross Garden
 
Whitecross Cottages on Ayres Street
  • Redcross Cottages and Whitecross Cottages, Southwark, London, 1888–90. Social housing complex built adjacent to Octavia Hill's Red Cross Garden.[40] First to be built, in 1888, were the Tudor revival row of houses facing the garden, known as Redcross Cottages.[41] Whitecross Cottages were built in an Arts and Crafts style in 1890 behind Redcross Cottages on Ayres Street.[42] Adjacent to Redcross Cottages is the community hall, then called Red Cross Hall, and now called Bishop's Hall, and in private ownership.[43] In 1889 Hill and Hoole commissioned Walter Crane to decorate the interior with ten deeds of heroism in the daily life of ordinary people, of which three were executed and survive.[44] Each of the two rows of cottages is Grade II listed,[45] [46] as is the hall.[47]
 
Gable Cottages on Sudrey Street
  • Gable Cottages, Sudrey Street, Southwark, London, 1889.[48] Arts and Crafts Tudor style cottages. Grade II listed.[49]
 
Statue of John Wesley by John Adams-Acton on a pedestal by Elijah Hoole

Personal life

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Hoole married Judith Lidgett in 1868 at St John the Evangelist, Blackheath.[65] His wife was an aunt of the founder of the Bermondsey Settlement, John Scott Lidgett.[66] They had nine children, of whom two sons Elijah (born 1872) and George (born 1874) both practised for a time as architects. Hoole died in 1912, aged 74, and was buried on the western side of Highgate Cemetery. His grave (no.38653) no longer has a headstone.[citation needed]


References

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  1. ^ "A Dictionary of Methodism in Britain and Ireland: Dr Elijah Hoole". Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  2. ^ "A Dictionary of Methodism in Britain and Ireland: Dr Elijah Hoole". Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  3. ^ "A Dictionary of Methodism in Britain and Ireland: Simpson family of Leeds". Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  4. ^ "Kent County Council: Larksfield". 25 January 2008. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
  5. ^ "Whyte, William, "Octavia Hill: the practice of sympathy and the art of housing", in Baigent, Elizabeth & Cowell, Ben (Eds), 'Nobler imaginings and mightier struggles': Octavia Hill, social activism and remaking of British society, (2016: London Institute of Historical Research), pp 47-64 at p 48". Retrieved 2 May 2021.
  6. ^ "Whyte, William, "Octavia Hill: the practice of sympathy and the art of housing", in Baigent, Elizabeth & Cowell, Ben (Eds), 'Nobler imaginings and mightier struggles': Octavia Hill, social activism and remaking of British society, (2016: London Institute of Historical Research), pp 47-64 at p 48". Retrieved 2 May 2021.
  7. ^ "Historic England List Entry No 1065201". Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  8. ^ "Architecture of London & Vanished London: Bermondsey Settlement". 7 August 2009. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  9. ^ "A Dictionary of Methodism in Britain and Ireland: Simpson family of Leeds". Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  10. ^ "A Dictionary of Methodism in Britain and Ireland: Simpson family of Leeds". Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  11. ^ "Historic England List Entry No 1256884". Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  12. ^ "A Dictionary of Methodism in Britain and Ireland: Simpson family of Leeds". Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  13. ^ "Morley Archives: Central Methodist Church". Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  14. ^ "Historic England List Entry No 1250732". Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  15. ^ "A Dictionary of Methodism in Britain and Ireland: Dr Elijah Hoole". Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  16. ^ "Historic England List Entry No 1394431". Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  17. ^ "My Wesleyan Methodists: Sunbury on Thames". Retrieved 2 May 2021.
  18. ^ "My Wesleyan Methodists: Belize Wesleyan Methodist Chapel". Retrieved 2 May 2021.
  19. ^ "Big Wesley". Retrieved 2 May 2021.
  20. ^ "Historic England List Entry No 1139077". Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  21. ^ "Camden New Journal: "Protest over art collector Anita Zabludowicz's plan to redevelop Kentish Town chapel", 3 August 2017". Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  22. ^ "A Dictionary of Methodism in Britain and Ireland: Dr Elijah Hoole". Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  23. ^ "Hayes, Thomas, Recollections of Sixty-Three Years of Methodist Life, (1902: Charles H Kelly), p 110" (PDF). Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  24. ^ "A Dictionary of Methodism in Britain and Ireland: Dr Elijah Hoole". Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  25. ^ "Newfoundland Heritage: George Street United Church". Retrieved 2 May 2021.
  26. ^ "Architecture of Gloucestershire: Industrial Dwellings". 21 October 2009. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  27. ^ "Bristol Homes for Heroes: Slums in Bristol". Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  28. ^ "Historic England List Entry No 1390790". Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  29. ^ "Architecture of London: Lambeth Dwellings". 10 December 2009. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  30. ^ "Survey of London, Vol 23, Chapter 25". Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  31. ^ "Borough Photos: Surrey Lodge Dwellings". Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  32. ^ "Theatre Architecture: Old Vic". Retrieved 2 May 2021.
  33. ^ "Historic England List Entry No 1068710". Retrieved 2 May 2021.
  34. ^ "Architecture of London: Wesleyan Chapel, Holly Park, Crouch Hill, London". 14 February 2012. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  35. ^ "My Wesleyan Methodists: Holly Park, Crouch Hill". Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  36. ^ "The Underground Map: Holly Park Methodist Church". Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  37. ^ "Historic England List Entry No 1065201". Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  38. ^ "Williams Restoration: Toynbee Hall". Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  39. ^ "BBC News: The rise of 'facadism' in London, 14 November 2019". BBC News. 14 November 2019. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  40. ^ "London Gardens Trust: Red Cross Garden". Retrieved 29 April 2021.
  41. ^ "London Gardens Trust: Red Cross Garden". Retrieved 29 April 2021.
  42. ^ "London Gardens Trust: Red Cross Garden". Retrieved 29 April 2021.
  43. ^ "London Gardens Trust: Red Cross Garden". Retrieved 29 April 2021.
  44. ^ "Historic England List Entry No 1393613". Retrieved 29 April 2021.
  45. ^ "Historic England List Entry 1385814". Retrieved 29 April 2021.
  46. ^ "Historic England List Entry 1376544". Retrieved 29 April 2021.
  47. ^ "Historic England List Entry 1376545". Retrieved 29 April 2021.
  48. ^ "Victorian Web: Gable Cottages". Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  49. ^ "Historic England List Entry No 1385939". Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  50. ^ "A Dictionary of Methodism in Britain and Ireland: Dr Elijah Hoole". Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  51. ^ "Historic England List Entry No 1195538". Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  52. ^ "THE CENTENNIAL WESLEY STATUE". Christian Colonist. Vol. XIII, no. 32. South Australia. 15 May 1891. p. 8. Retrieved 2 May 2021 – via National Library of Australia.
  53. ^ "Historic England List Entry No 1195538". Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  54. ^ "Historic England List Entry No 1390790". Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  55. ^ "Writing Cities: Octavia Hill – A Housing Legacy". 3 April 2020. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  56. ^ "Architecture of London & Vanished London: Bermondsey Settlement". 7 August 2009. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  57. ^ "A Dictionary of Methodism in Britain and Ireland: Dr Elijah Hoole". Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  58. ^ "Newfoundland Heritage: Gower Street United Church". Retrieved 2 May 2021.
  59. ^ "Historic England List Entry No 1390631". Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  60. ^ "Historic England List Entry No 1390630". Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  61. ^ "Historic England List Entry No 1390631". Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  62. ^ "Lambeth Palace Library: St James the Less, Bethnal Green". Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  63. ^ "Historic England List Entry No 1357854". Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  64. ^ "A Dictionary of Methodism in Britain and Ireland: Dr Elijah Hoole". Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  65. ^ "Eastbourne Chronicle: "Marriage of Mr Elijah Hoole and Judith Lidgett", via Find My Past". Retrieved 30 April 2021.
  66. ^ "A Dictionary of Methodism in Britain and Ireland: Dr Elijah Hoole". Retrieved 1 May 2021.