Electoral results for the district of Melbourne

This is a list of electoral results for the Electoral district of Melbourne in Victorian state elections.

Members for Melbourne edit

Member Party Term
  Archibald Michie None 1856–1859
  David Moore None 1856–1859
  William Stawell None 1856–1857
  Henry Langlands None 1857–1859
  James Service None 1857–1859
  Geoffrey Carter None 1889–1900
  Edward Findley Labor 1900–1901
  James Boyd Ministerialist 1901–1908
  Alexander Rogers Labor 1908–1924
  Tom Hayes Labor 1924–1955
  Labor (Anti-Communist) 1955–1955
  Arthur Clarey Labor 1955–1972
  Barry Jones Labor 1972–1977
  Keith Remington Labor 1977–1988
  Neil Cole Labor 1988–1999
  Bronwyn Pike Labor 1999–2012
  Jennifer Kanis Labor 2012–2014
  Ellen Sandell Greens 2014–present

Election results edit

Elections in the 2020s edit

2022 edit

2022 Victorian state election: Melbourne[1][2][3]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Greens Ellen Sandell 15,855 37.3 −1.3
Labor Rebecca Thistleton 13,033 30.6 −5.1
Liberal George Palackalody 7,522 17.7 +0.3
Victorian Socialists Colleen Bolger 2,323 5.5 +5.5
Reason Nicola Foxworthy 1,601 3.8 0.0
Animal Justice Rabin Bangaar 701 1.6 −0.3
Family First Michael Janson 535 1.3 +1.3
Freedom Steven J. Smith 521 1.2 +1.2
Ind. (Indigenous) Laylah Al-Saimary 428 1.0 +1.0
Total formal votes 42,519 96.6 +1.3
Informal votes 1,485 3.4 −1.3
Turnout 44,004 80.7 +0.1
Notional two-party-preferred count
Labor Rebecca Thistleton 31,895 75.0 +0.6
Liberal George Palackalody 10,624 25.0 -0.6
Two-candidate-preferred result
Greens Ellen Sandell 25,593 60.2 +8.5
Labor Rebecca Thistleton 16,926 39.8 −8.5
Greens hold Swing +8.5

Elections in the 2010s edit

2018 edit

2018 Victorian state election: Melbourne[4]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Greens Ellen Sandell 15,755 38.85 −2.59
Labor Jennifer Kanis 14,568 35.92 +6.65
Liberal Darin Schade 6,920 17.06 −7.03
Reason Leo Close 1,513 3.73 +3.73
Animal Justice Lawrence Pope 830 2.05 −0.12
Liberal Democrats Benjamin Rookes 410 1.01 +1.01
Independent Peter Hanlon 328 0.81 +0.81
Aussie Battler Kim Fuhrmann 233 0.57 +0.57
Total formal votes 40,557 95.29 −1.21
Informal votes 2,004 4.71 +1.21
Turnout 42,561 84.46 −3.08
Two-party-preferred result
Labor Jennifer Kanis 30,521 75.25 +4.79
Liberal Darin Schade 10,036 24.75 −4.79
Two-candidate-preferred result
Greens Ellen Sandell 20,816 51.33 −1.04
Labor Jennifer Kanis 19,741 48.68 +1.04
Greens hold Swing −1.04

2014 edit

Victorian state election, 2014: Melbourne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Greens Ellen Sandell 15,333 41.4 +8.9
Labor Jennifer Kanis 10,830 29.3 −5.0
Liberal Ed Huntingford 8,913 24.1 −4.7
Animal Justice Kate Elliott 802 2.2 +2.2
Christians Neville Chisholm 491 1.3 +1.3
Voice for the West Tehiya Umer 325 0.9 +0.9
Family First Kerry Sutherland 306 0.8 +0.8
Total formal votes 37,000 96.5 +0.2
Informal votes 1,343 3.5 −0.2
Turnout 38,343 87.5 +2.3
Notional two-party-preferred count
Labor Jennifer Kanis 26,071 70.5 +6.1
Liberal Ed Huntingford 10,929 29.5 −6.1
Two-candidate-preferred result
Greens Ellen Sandell 19,401 52.4 +7.1
Labor Jennifer Kanis 17,599 47.6 −7.1
Greens gain from Labor Swing +7.1

2012 by-election edit

2012 Melbourne state by-election[5][6][7][8]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Greens Cathy Oke 10,197 36.52 +4.60
Labor Jennifer Kanis 9,321 33.38 –2.29
Sex Party Fiona Patten 1,832 6.56 +3.67
Independent Stephen Mayne 1,325 4.74 +4.74
  Independent Liberal David Nolte 1,302 4.66 +4.66
Independent Berhan Ahmed 1,127 4.04 +4.04
Family First Ashley Fenn 841 3.01 +3.01
Democratic Labor Michael Murphy 521 1.87 +1.87
Christians Maria Bengtsson 342 1.22 +1.22
Independent Joseph Toscano 208 0.74 +0.74
Independent Kate Borland 207 0.74 +0.74
Independent Adrian Whitehead 169 0.61 +0.61
  Independent Socialist Equality Patrick O'Connor 162 0.58 +0.58
  Independent Democrat David Collyer 160 0.57 +0.57
  Independent Secular John Perkins 162 0.58 +0.58
Independent Gerrit Schorel-Hlavka 66 0.24 +0.24
Total formal votes 27,925 90.66 –5.65
Informal votes 2,878 9.34 +5.65
Turnout 30,803 68.62 –18.31
Two-candidate-preferred result
Labor Jennifer Kanis 14,384 51.51 –4.66
Greens Cathy Oke 13,541 48.49 +4.66
Labor hold Swing –4.66
Almost two-thirds of preferences went to Labor over the Greens. The two-candidate vote remained level during the polling booth count, however the postal vote count favoured Labor and put the result beyond doubt. The Greens conceded defeat on 24 July. The Victorian Electoral Commission (VEC) officially declared that Labor had retained the seat on 25 July. Results were final as of 31 July.[5][9][10]

2010 edit

2010 Victorian state election: Melbourne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Bronwyn Pike 13,116 35.67 -8.89
Greens Brian Walters 11,735 31.92 +4.51
Liberal Luke Martin 10,281 27.96 +5.88
Sex Party Rory Killen 1,061 2.89 +2.89
Independent Peter Lazzari 231 0.63 +0.63
Independent John Perkins 201 0.55 +0.55
Independent Maxine Fensom 142 0.39 +0.39
Total formal votes 36,767 96.31 -0.01
Informal votes 1,409 3.69 +0.01
Turnout 38,176 86.93 +2.09
Notional two-party-preferred count
Labor Bronwyn Pike 23,683 64.41 -7.0
Liberal Luke Martin 13,084 35.59 +7.0
Two-candidate-preferred result
Labor Bronwyn Pike 20,510 55.76 +3.88
Greens Brian Walters 16,273 44.24 -3.88
Labor hold Swing +3.88

Elections in the 2000s edit

2006 edit

2006 Victorian state election: Melbourne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Bronwyn Pike 14,149 44.6 -0.7
Greens Richard Di Natale 8,704 27.4 +3.2
Liberal Steve Papas 7,009 22.1 +1.1
Independent Kevin Chamberlin 866 2.7 -3.2
People Power Isabell Collins 526 1.7 +1.7
Family First Rebecca Gebbing 496 1.6 +1.6
Total formal votes 31,750 96.3 +0.4
Informal votes 1,214 3.7 -0.4
Turnout 32,964 84.8
Notional two-party-preferred count
Labor Bronwyn Pike 22,677 71.4 -0.7
Liberal Steve Papas 9,070 28.6 +0.7
Two-candidate-preferred result
Labor Bronwyn Pike 16,512 52.0 +0.1
Greens Richard Di Natale 15,238 48.0 -0.1
Labor hold Swing +0.1

2002 edit

2002 Victorian state election: Melbourne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Bronwyn Pike 12,882 45.3 -12.7
Greens Richard Di Natale 6,880 24.2 +24.2
Liberal Sue Bourke 5,971 21.0 -15.3
Independent Kevin Chamberlin 1,690 5.9 +5.9
Socialist Alliance Arun Pradhan 290 1.0 +1.0
Independent Maxine Fensom 253 0.9 +0.9
Citizens Electoral Council Jeremy Beck 242 0.9 +0.9
Independent Michael Cebon 214 0.8 +0.8
Total formal votes 28,422 95.9 -0.4
Informal votes 1,212 4.1 +0.4
Turnout 29,634 87.5
Notional two-party-preferred count
Labor Bronwyn Pike 20,510 72.2 +9.8
Liberal Sue Bourke 7,910 27.8 -9.8
Two-candidate-preferred result
Labor Bronwyn Pike 14,757 51.9 -10.4
Greens Richard Di Natale 13,665 48.1 +48.1
Labor hold Swing N/A

Elections in the 1990s edit

1999 edit

1999 Victorian state election: Melbourne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Bronwyn Pike 20,572 59.3 +5.7
Liberal Lana McLean 12,122 35.0 +4.2
Independent Jorge Jorquera 1,986 5.7 +5.7
Total formal votes 34,680 96.3 -0.7
Informal votes 1,334 3.7 +0.7
Turnout 36,014 87.8
Two-party-preferred result
Labor Bronwyn Pike 22,122 63.8 -2.1
Liberal Lana McLean 12,568 36.2 +2.1
Labor hold Swing -2.1

1996 edit

1996 Victorian state election: Melbourne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Neil Cole 17,276 53.6 +2.1
Liberal Chin Tan 9,907 30.8 -2.1
Independent Gurm Sekhon 1,965 6.1 +6.1
Independent Trevor Huggard 1,930 6.0 +6.0
Independent Di Quin 808 2.5 +2.5
Natural Law Amara Clarke 320 1.0 -0.8
Total formal votes 32,206 97.0 +3.0
Informal votes 1,006 3.0 -3.0
Turnout 33,212 88.4
Two-party-preferred result
Labor Neil Cole 21,145 65.9 +3.8
Liberal Chin Tan 10,935 34.1 -3.8
Labor hold Swing +3.8

1992 edit

1992 Victorian state election: Melbourne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Neil Cole 14,731 51.5 -15.9
Liberal Kate Nunan 9,391 32.8 +1.5
Democrats Bryce Vissel 2,319 8.1 +8.1
Independent Dean Reynolds 824 2.9 +2.9
Independent Dave Holmes 658 2.3 +2.3
Natural Law Tony Botsman 517 1.8 +1.8
Independent John Dobinson 156 0.5 +0.5
Total formal votes 28,596 94.0 +0.7
Informal votes 1,826 6.0 -0.7
Turnout 30,422 90.6
Two-party-preferred result
Labor Neil Cole 17,721 62.1 -5.8
Liberal Kate Nunan 10,807 37.9 +5.8
Labor hold Swing -5.8

Elections in the 1980s edit

1988 edit

1988 Victorian state election: Melbourne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Neil Cole 15,270 68.03 +7.07
Liberal Catherine Dossetor 7,177 31.97 -0.19
Total formal votes 22,447 93.47 -2.22
Informal votes 1,569 6.53 +2.22
Turnout 24,016 84.87 -0.61
Labor hold Swing +4.71

1985 edit

1985 Victorian state election: Melbourne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Keith Remington 15,155 61.0 -3.4
Liberal Peter Jones 7,996 32.2 +7.9
Public Transport Janet Walk 1,709 6.9 +6.9
Total formal votes 24,860 95.7
Informal votes 1,121 4.3
Turnout 25,981 85.5
Two-party-preferred result
Labor Keith Remington 16,209 65.2 -6.1
Liberal Peter Jones 8,651 34.8 +6.1
Labor hold Swing -6.1

1982 edit

1982 Victorian state election: Melbourne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Keith Remington 12,819 62.9 +4.1
Liberal John Simmonds 5,102 25.0 -4.1
Democrats Catherine Stewart 1,350 6.6 -2.0
Independent Cecil Murgatroyd 626 3.1 +3.1
Communist Roger Wilson 479 2.4 -1.1
Total formal votes 20,376 95.7 +1.4
Informal votes 911 4.3 -1.4
Turnout 21,287 90.0 +3.9
Two-party-preferred result
Labor Keith Remington 14,147 69.4 +3.4
Liberal John Simmonds 6,229 30.6 -3.4
Labor hold Swing +3.4

Elections in the 1970s edit

1979 edit

1979 Victorian state election: Melbourne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Keith Remington 12,129 58.8 -3.6
Liberal John Campbell 6,001 29.1 -5.7
Democrats Trevor Cooke 1,769 8.6 +8.6
Communist Roger Wilson 725 3.5 +3.5
Total formal votes 20,624 94.3 -1.6
Informal votes 1,247 5.7 +1.6
Turnout 21,871 86.1 -0.2
Two-party-preferred result
Labor Keith Remington 13,608 66.0 +1.2
Liberal John Campbell 7,016 34.0 -1.2
Labor hold Swing +1.2

1977 by-election edit

1977 Melbourne state by-election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Keith Remington 10,026 56.8 -5.6
Liberal Anthony Cree 4,769 27.0 -7.7
Democrats Peter Bowden 2,853 16.2 +16.2
Total formal votes 17,648 97.4 +1.5
Informal votes 470 2.6 -1.5
Turnout 18,118 66.8 -19.5
Labor hold Swing N/A
  • Preferences were not distributed.

1976 edit

1976 Victorian state election: Melbourne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Barry Jones 15,104 62.4 +4.5
Liberal Bruce Atkinson 8,415 34.7 +6.1
Independent Lou-Anne Barker 696 2.9 +2.9
Total formal votes 24,215 95.9
Informal votes 1,023 4.1
Turnout 25,238 86.3
Two-party-preferred result
Labor Barry Jones 15,685 64.8 +3.0
Liberal Bruce Atkinson 8,530 35.2 -3.0
Labor hold Swing +3.0

1973 edit

1973 Victorian state election: Melbourne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Barry Jones 12,582 57.0 -3.5
Liberal Michael Wallwork 6,244 28.3 +2.6
Democratic Labor Anna Linard 1,682 7.6 -6.2
Australia Michele Turner 1,558 7.1 +7.1
Total formal votes 22,066 94.4 +0.2
Informal votes 1,306 5.6 -0.2
Turnout 23,372 87.4 -3.4
Two-party-preferred result
Labor Barry Jones 13,769 62.4 -0.2
Liberal Michael Wallwork 8,297 37.6 +0.2
Labor hold Swing -0.2

1972 by-election edit

1972 Melbourne state by-election
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Barry Jones unopposed
Labor hold Swing

1970 edit

1970 Victorian state election: Melbourne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Arthur Clarey 12,768 60.5 +0.9
Liberal Allan Waite 5,428 25.7 +0.6
Democratic Labor Michael McMahon 2,908 13.8 -1.5
Total formal votes 21,104 94.2 0.0
Informal votes 1,289 5.8 0.0
Turnout 22,393 90.8 +2.1
Two-party-preferred result
Labor Arthur Clarey 13,204 62.6 +0.7
Liberal Allan Waite 7,900 37.4 -0.7
Labor hold Swing +0.7

Elections in the 1960s edit

1967 edit

1967 Victorian state election: Melbourne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Arthur Clarey 12,904 59.6 +2.7
Liberal Anthony Gilligan 5,436 25.1 -0.4
Democratic Labor James Whitehead 3,302 15.3 -2.3
Total formal votes 21,642 94.2
Informal votes 1,329 5.8
Turnout 22,971 88.7
Two-party-preferred result
Labor Arthur Clarey 13,399 61.9 +3.5
Liberal Anthony Gilligan 8,243 38.1 -3.5
Labor hold Swing +3.5

1964 edit

1964 Victorian state election: Melbourne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Arthur Clarey 6,044 49.3 +1.3
Liberal and Country Bill Burns 3,860 31.5 +3.2
Democratic Labor Thomas Brennan 2,348 19.2 -2.8
Total formal votes 12,252 95.5 +1.9
Informal votes 575 4.5 -1.9
Turnout 12,827 90.2 +0.2
Two-party-preferred result
Labor Arthur Clarey 6,248 51.0 -2.8
Liberal and Country Bill Burns 6,004 49.0 +2.8
Labor hold Swing -2.8

1961 edit

1961 Victorian state election: Melbourne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Arthur Clarey 6,340 48.0 -2.2
Liberal and Country Bill Burns 3,742 28.3 +5.8
Democratic Labor Tom Hayes 2,909 22.0 -5.3
Independent Henry Roche 209 1.6 +1.6
Total formal votes 13,200 93.6 -2.8
Informal votes 896 6.4 +2.8
Turnout 14,096 90.0 +1.0
Two-party-preferred result
Labor Arthur Clarey 7,101 53.8 -0.5
Liberal and Country Bill Burns 6,099 46.2 +0.5
Labor hold Swing -0.5

Elections in the 1950s edit

1958 edit

1958 Victorian state election: Melbourne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Arthur Clarey 8,129 50.2
Democratic Labor Tom Hayes 4,430 27.3
Liberal and Country Martha Yuille 3,645 22.5
Total formal votes 16,804 96.4
Informal votes 600 3.6
Turnout 16,804 89.0
Two-candidate-preferred result
Labor Arthur Clarey 8,793 54.3
Liberal and Country Martha Yuille 7,411 45.7
Labor hold Swing
  • Two party preferred vote was estimated.

1955 edit

1955 Victorian state election: Melbourne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Arthur Clarey 6,913 48.9
Liberal and Country Alan Etherington 3,703 26.2
Labor (A-C) Tom Hayes 3,520 24.9
Total formal votes 14,136 95.9
Informal votes 597 4.1
Turnout 14,733 90.0
Two-party-preferred result
Labor Arthur Clarey 9,132 64.6
Liberal and Country Alan Etherington 5,004 35.4
Labor hold Swing

1952 edit

1950 edit

1950 Victorian state election: Melbourne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Tom Hayes 14,219 66.0 +6.2
Liberal and Country John Eddy 7,340 34.0 -6.2
Total formal votes 21,559 98.3 +1.1
Informal votes 368 1.7 -1.1
Turnout 21,927 90.5 +1.8
Labor hold Swing +6.2

Elections in the 1940s edit

1947 edit

1947 Victorian state election: Melbourne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Tom Hayes 13,642 59.8 -40.2
Liberal George Crowther 9,189 40.2 +40.2
Total formal votes 22,831 97.2
Informal votes 647 2.8
Turnout 23,478 88.7
Labor hold Swing N/A

1945 edit

1943 edit

1943 Victorian state election: Melbourne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Tom Hayes 11,273 65.3 -34.7
Independent John Somerville 5,991 34.7 +34.7
Total formal votes 17,264 96.2
Informal votes 686 3.8
Turnout 17,950 75.7
Labor hold Swing N/A

1940 edit

Elections in the 1930s edit

1937 edit

1937 Victorian state election: Melbourne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Tom Hayes 10,902 63.0 -1.5
United Australia Reginald Archer 6,407 37.0 +1.5
Total formal votes 17,309 97.0 -2.6
Informal votes 537 3.0 +2.6
Turnout 17,846 88.4 -6.9
Labor hold Swing -1.5

1935 edit

1935 Victorian state election: Melbourne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Tom Hayes 11,320 64.5 +9.4
United Australia Charles Lucas 6,239 35.5 -3.7
Total formal votes 17,559 96.7 -0.6
Informal votes 600 3.3 +0.6
Turnout 18,159 87.5 -2.8
Labor hold Swing +4.3

1932 edit

1932 Victorian state election: Melbourne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Tom Hayes 9,289 55.1 -44.9
United Australia William Hendry 6,610 39.2 +39.2
Communist Ernie Thornton 953 5.7 +5.7
Total formal votes 16,852 97.3
Informal votes 472 2.7
Turnout 17,324 90.3
Two-party-preferred result
Labor Tom Hayes 60.2 -39.8
United Australia William Hendry 39.8 +39.8
Labor hold Swing N/A
  • Two party preferred vote was estimated.

Elections in the 1920s edit

1929 edit

1927 edit

1927 Victorian state election: Melbourne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Tom Hayes 12,115 66.6
Australian Liberal Carlyle Ferguson 6,071 33.4
Total formal votes 18,186 97.4
Informal votes 489 2.6
Turnout 18,675 81.0
Labor hold Swing

1924 edit

1924 Victorian state election: Melbourne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Tom Hayes 3,385 76.7 -23.3
Nationalist Wilfred Kent Hughes 1,030 23.3 +23.3
Total formal votes 4,415 99.5
Informal votes 23 0.5
Turnout 4,438 57.3
Labor hold Swing N/A

1921 edit

1920 edit

1920 Victorian state election: Melbourne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Alexander Rogers 4,037 80.9
Nationalist Alfred Buchanan 951 19.1 +19.1
Total formal votes 4,988 98.4
Informal votes 79 1.6
Turnout 5,067 57.2
Labor hold Swing N/A

Elections in the 1910s edit

1917 edit

1914 edit

1914 Victorian state election: Melbourne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Alexander Rogers 2,799 64.0 -11.1
Liberal Henry Hall 1,574 36.0 +11.1
Total formal votes 4,373 96.5 -1.8
Informal votes 159 3.5 +1.8
Turnout 4,532 44.8 -11.9
Labor hold Swing -11.1

1911 edit

1911 Victorian state election: Melbourne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Alexander Rogers 3,233 75.1 +39.5
Liberal Tom Brennan 1,070 24.9 -5.2
Total formal votes 4,303 98.3 -1.1
Informal votes 76 1.7 +1.1
Turnout 4,379 56.7 +17.6
Labor hold Swing N/A

Elections in the 1900s edit

1908 edit

1908 Victorian state election: Melbourne
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Labor Alexander Rogers 781 35.6 +0.3
United Liberal John Hamilton 668 30.5
Liberal James Boyd 661 30.1
Victorian Socialist Angus McDonell 82 3.7 +3.7
Total formal votes 2,192 99.4 +0.3
Informal votes 14 0.6 –0.3
Turnout 2,206 39.1 –8.6
Labor gain from United Liberal Swing +20.2

1901 by-election edit

1901 Melbourne state by-election[11]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Conservative James Boyd 1,974 80.3 +53.3
Labour Daniel Carter 483 19.7 −12.4
Total formal votes 2,457 99.98
Informal votes 4 0.02
Turnout 2,461 51.1
Conservative gain from Labour Swing

References edit

  • "Melbourne District results". Victorian Electoral Commission. Archived from the original on 21 March 2012. Retrieved 21 November 2011.
  1. ^ Green, Antony (11 January 2023). "VIC22 – 2-Party Preferred Results and Swings by District". Antony Green's Election Blog. Retrieved 28 January 2023.
  2. ^ VIC 2021 Final Redistribution, ABC News. [Retrieved 1 January 2023.
  3. ^ Melbourne District results, Victorian Electoral Commission. Retrieved 1 December 2022.
  4. ^ State Election 2018: Melbourne District, VEC.
  5. ^ a b "Melbourne 2012 by-election results: VEC". Archived from the original on 24 July 2012. Retrieved 22 July 2012.
  6. ^ "Melbourne District By-election 2012 Results Distribution of preference votes". Vec.vic.gov.au. Archived from the original on 29 April 2013. Retrieved 25 July 2012.
  7. ^ "Melbourne 2010 election results". Vec.vic.gov.au. Retrieved 25 July 2012.
  8. ^ 2012 Melbourne by-election results: Antony Green ABC
  9. ^ Victorian Electoral Commission on Twitter (@electionsvic)
  10. ^ Tom Arup (16 July 2012). "Greens concede byelection despite 'best-ever' campaign". Melbourne: Theage.com.au. Retrieved 25 July 2012.
  11. ^ "THE EIGHTEENTH PARLIAMENT". Psephos: Adam Carr's Electoral Archive.