In typical elections, Sudan elects on a national level head of state – the president – and a legislature. In the election of 2010, there were two presidential elections, one for the Presidency of the Republic of Sudan and one for the Presidency of the Government of Southern Sudan. Elections for the unicameral, 360-member National Assembly were last held in April 2015.

The National Legislature whose members were chosen in mid-2005 had two chambers. The National Assembly (Majlis Watani) consisted of 450 appointed members who represented the government, former rebels, and other opposition political parties. The Council of States (Majlis Welayat) had 50 members who were indirectly elected by state legislatures. All members of the National Legislature served six-year terms.

In the early twenty-first century, Sudan was a dominant-party state with the National Congress in power. Opposition parties were allowed, but were widely considered to have no real chance of gaining power.

On 11 April 2019, Sudan was taken over by a military junta after the military seized power from the President in a coup. Federal elections were tentatively scheduled for 2022 under the 2019 Sudanese transition to democracy deal.[1]

History

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Sudan has had national level elections since 1948 while it was still an Anglo–Egyptian colony. Independence from or union with Egypt was a major electoral platform in the 1948 election.[2]

Following the Comprehensive Peace Agreement, elections initially did not play a role in determining the composition of the interim national government, the South Sudan government, or the state legislatures.[3] An out of date national census and, in the case of South Sudan, a complete lack of infrastructure for conducting an election, rendered the electoral process moot.[3] As a result, all government officials and all governing bodies consisted of appointed officials until the completion of a census in 2008 and national elections in 2010.[3] The SPLM rejected the results of the census, claiming that it underestimated populations in the South.[3] The National Elections Act of 2008 provided the legal framework for conducting elections in Sudan, South Sudan, and in each state.[3] The National Elections Commission was responsible for developing the regulations, rules, and orders for the election of the national president, South Sudan president, state governors, National Assembly, South Sudan Legislative Assembly, and state assemblies.[3]

Presidential election

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Turnout by state.
CandidatePartyVotes%
Omar al-BashirNational Congress Party5,252,47894.05
Fadl el-Sayed ShuaibFederal Truth Party79,7791.43
Fatima Abdel MahmoudSudanese Socialist Democratic Union47,6530.85
Mohamed Elhassan MohamedNational Reform Party42,3990.76
Abdul Mahmoud Abdul Jabar RahamtallaUnion of the Nation's Forces41,1340.74
Hamdi Hassan AhmedIndependent18,0430.32
Mohamed Ahmed Abdul Gadir Al ArbabIndependent16,9660.30
Yasser Yahiya Salih Abdul GadirIndependent16,6090.30
Khairi BakhitIndependent11,8520.21
Adel Dafalla JabirIndependent9,4350.17
Mohamed Awad Al BarowIndependent9,3880.17
Asad Al Nil Adel Yassin Al SaafiIndependent9,3590.17
Alam Al Huda Ahmed Osman Mohamed AliIndependent8,1330.15
Ahmed Al Radhi Jadalla SalemIndependent7,7510.14
Isaam Al Ghali Tajj Eddin AliIndependent7,5870.14
Omar Awad Al Karim Hussein AliIndependent6,2970.11
Total5,584,863100.00
Valid votes5,584,86391.68
Invalid/blank votes506,5498.32
Total votes6,091,412100.00
Registered voters/turnout13,126,98946.40
Source: NEC

Parliamentary election

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PartyProportionalReservedConstituencyTotal
seats
+/–
Votes%SeatsVotes%SeatsVotes%Seats
National Congress Party3,915,59078.32674,321,90183.371071493230
Democratic Unionist Party–Original218,1204.364249,7684.8261525+23
Collective Leadership Umma Party214,5314.29426+5
Democratic Unionist Party114,8062.302137,2652.6531015+11
Federal Umma Party79,2921.591107,1022.07337+4
Freedom and Justice Party60,3731.21136,8990.71113
United Umma Party49,9231.00163,7701.23214
Umma Reform and Development Party35,3090.71145,1990.87135
National Umma Party30,9660.62123+2
Federal Truth Party30,2540.61133,0460.64102
National Bond Party30,0790.60143,1990.83102
National Freedom and Justice Party29,6420.59134
Constitution Party27,4660.55039,7830.77101
Movement for Justice and Equality26,7230.53018,4930.36000
National Reform Party25,9900.52030,1070.58101
Popular Forces for Rights and Democracy Movement23,0890.46027,2600.53101
Justice Party18,1960.36000
National Movement for Peace and Development17,2310.34014,7320.28000
Sudanese Socialist Democratic Union16,5080.33000
People's Movement Party14,0180.28015,5950.30011
Sudanese National Front Party12,7400.25000
Sudanese Socialist Union Party al-Maywa8,6860.17000
Centre Party for Justice and Development11
General Federation of North and South Funj11
Ana al-Sudan11
Black Free11
Independents1919+16
Total4,999,532100.00855,184,119100.00128213426–24
Source: NEC

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Kirby, Jen (2019-07-06). "Sudan's military and civilian opposition have reached a power-sharing deal". Vox. Archived from the original on 2019-07-05. Retrieved 2019-07-06.
  2. ^ "The Sudan Elections". The Spectator. 1948-11-26. Archived from the original on 2019-07-13. Retrieved 2019-07-13.
  3. ^ a b c d e f   This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: Shinn, David H. (2015). "Elections" (PDF). In Berry, LaVerle (ed.). Sudan : a country study (5th ed.). Washington, D.C.: Federal Research Division, Library of Congress. pp. 232–234. ISBN 978-0-8444-0750-0.
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