Duke Jian of Qi (Chinese: 齊簡公; pinyin: Qí Jiǎn Gōng; died 481 BC) was from 484 to 481 BC ruler of the State of Qi, a major power during the Spring and Autumn period of ancient China. His personal name was Lü Ren (呂壬), ancestral name Jiang (), and Duke Jian was his posthumous title.[1][2]

Duke Jian of Qi
齊簡公
Ruler of Qi
Reign484–481 BC
PredecessorDuke Dao of Qi
SuccessorDuke Ping of Qi
Died481 BC
Names
Ancestral name: Jiang (姜)
Clan name: Lü (呂)
Given name: Ren (壬)
HouseHouse of Jiang
FatherDuke Dao of Qi

Reign

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Duke Jian succeeded his father, Duke Dao of Qi, who was killed in 485 BC after four years of reign. Duke Jian made his trusted official Kan Zhi (闞止), a native of the neighbouring State of Lu, his prime minister. In 481 BC Kan Zhi plotted to attack and expel the powerful Tian clan from Qi, but the Tians learned of his plan and staged a preemptive coup d'etat. Kan Zhi was killed first, and Duke Jian escaped the capital but was captured in Shuzhou (in present-day Teng County, Shandong) and killed on the 24th day of the fifth month.[1][2]

Tian Heng, the leader of the Tian clan, subsequently installed Duke Jian's younger brother Ao on the throne, to be known as Duke Ping of Qi. From then on the dukes of Qi would be reduced to mere figureheads and the leaders of the Tian clan would be de facto rulers of Qi, and in 386 BC Tian He would formally become Duke of Qi, ending more than six centuries of rule by the House of Jiang.[1][2]

Ancestry

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Duke Qing of Qi (d. 582 BC)
Duke Ling of Qi (d. 554 BC)
Sheng Meng Zi
Duke Jing of Qi (d. 490 BC)
Shusun Qiaoru
Mu Meng Ji of Lu
Duke Dao of Qi (d. 485 BC)
Duke Jian of Qi (d. 481 BC)

References

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  1. ^ a b c Sima Qian. 齐太公世家 [House of Duke Tai of Qi]. Records of the Grand Historian (in Chinese). Guoxue.com. Retrieved 14 May 2012.
  2. ^ a b c Han Zhaoqi (韩兆琦) (2010). "House of Duke Tai of Qi". Shiji (史记) (in Chinese). Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company. pp. 2589–2597. ISBN 978-7-101-07272-3.
Duke Jian of Qi
 Died: 481 BC
Regnal titles
Preceded by Duke of Qi
484–481 BC
Succeeded by