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- Comment: Need more sources in other sections and more inline cites. The Herald (Benison) (talk) 02:21, 4 April 2024 (UTC)
Swedish expedition to Semigallia | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||||
Belligerents | |||||||||
Sweden | Semigallians | ||||||||
Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
Olof Skötkonung Ingvar the Far-Travelled Anund Jacob | Unknown | ||||||||
Strength | |||||||||
Unknown | Unknown | ||||||||
Casualties and losses | |||||||||
Heavy | Heavy |
The Semigallian was a military expedition that was launched as a response to the Semigallian tribe's refusal to pay tributes to Sweden. It was ordered by Olof Skötkonung who sent his commander Ingvar to reestablish Swedish supremacy over Semigallia. According to the Yngvars saga víðförla it was described as a successful Swedish expedition.
Prelude
editOlof Skötkonung had a problem collecting taxes in Semigallia according to the Ingvar Saga. The Semigallian tribe had refused to pay taxes to Sweden so Olof sent his chieftain Ingvar and his son Anund to reestablish the tax system. With three ships, they arrived to convince the Semigallian leaders to continue to pay taxes to the Swedes, as they were the tribes in the Baltic area that refused to pay such taxes. Most Semigallian chieftains and their king now accepted paying protection money to Sweden again. Due to Ingvar's convincing speech, the Semigallian leaders saw no choice but to pay protection money. [1][2]
The Swedish campaign
editThree tribal Semigallian chieftains, however, refused to pay the tributes and armed their troops to banish the Swedes. They declared war against Sweden. Ingvar then requested reinforcements and got it. After a great loss of life on both sides the Swedes emerged victorious. One Semigallian chieftain was captured and hanged. While the two other chieftains barely got away with their lives after being utterly defeated. Olof Skötkonung received tribute from the rebellious Semigallians after the war. The victory was celebrated in Sweden as a great success and Ingvar became known as a great chieftain in Sweden. The success paved the way for Ingvar's later expedition into Kievan Rus and his ability to attract volunteers in Sweden. While the plunder taken from the semigallians could finance it.[3][4]
Archeological remains support a Scandinavian presence in the region and that the coastline were dominated by Scandinavians. The saga in Ingvar is mythical in parts but a Swedish presence in Latvia is supported by archeology.[5] [6][7][8][9] [10][11][12] [13] [14] [15] [16]
Sources
edit- ^ The Saga of Yngvar the Traveller chapter 5 https://web.archive.org/web/20110726051430/http://www.oe.eclipse.co.uk/nom/Yngvar.htm chapter 5
- ^ Hofmann, Dietrich (1981), Die Yngvars saga viðforla und Oddr munkr inn fróði [Yngvar's saga and Oddr the Wise] (in Icelandic) chapter 5
- ^ *Marcin Böhm (2019) Ingvar the Far-Travelled: between the Byzantium and Caucasus. A Maritime Approach to Discussion https://www.academia.edu/79288641/Ingvar_the_Far_Travelled_between_the_Byzantium_and_Caucasus_A_Maritime_Approach_to_Discussion page 147
- ^ The Saga of Yngvar the Traveller chapter 5
- ^ Древнейшие государства Восточной Европы. 2016 год. Памяти Г. В. Глазыриной Vladimir Ya Petrukhin
- ^ Ingvar in Semigallia 2016, page (354-359) V. Y. Petrukhin https://dgve.igh.ru/issues/39/articles/724?locale=en
- ^ Петрухин В.Я. Становление государств и власть правителя в германо-сканди- навских и славянских традициях // Общественная мысль славянских народов в эпоху раннего средневековья / Отв. ред. Б.Н. Флоря. М., 2009. С. 81–150. Радиньш А. Даугавский путь и Даугмале // Диалог культур и народов сред- невековой Европы / Под ред. А.Е. Мусина и Н.В. Хвощинской. СПб., 2010. С. 280–294.
- ^ Спиргис С. Овальные фибулы ливов // Балтия в контексте Северного про- странства Средневековья до 40-х годов XX века / Отв. ред. Е.Л. Наза- рова. М., 2009. С. 11–54.
- ^ Цауне А.В. Возникновение Риги // Цивилизация Северной Европы: средне- вековый город и культурное взаимодействие. М., 1992. С. 21–29.
- ^ Archaeology East and West of the Baltic / Ed. by I. Jansson. Stockholm, 1995. Baranauskas T. Saxo Grammaticus on the Balts // Saxo and the Baltic Region A Symposium / Ed. by T. Nyberg. Odense, 2004..
- ^ Contacts across the Baltic Sea during the Late Iron Age (5th–12th centuries) / Ed. by B. Hårdt, B. Wyszomirska-Werbart. Lund, 1992.
- ^ Ellis Davidson H.R. The Viking Road to Byzantium. L., 1976.
- ^ Nerman B. Die Verbindungen zwischen Skandinavien und dem Ostbaltikum in der jüngeren Eisenzeit. Stockholm, 1929.
- ^ Saxonis Gesta Danorum / J. Olrik, H. Ræder. Hauniæ, 1931.
- ^ Tesch S. Sigtuna: Royal Site and Christian Town and the Regional Perspective,
- ^ c. 980–1100 // New Aspects on Viking Age Urbanism c. AD 750–1100 / Eds. L. Holmquist et al. Stockholm, 2016. P. 115–138.
- ^ Zemītis G.10th–12th Century Daugmale. The Earliest Urban Settlement along the Lower Daugava and Forerunner of Riga // Cultural interaction between East and West / Eds. U. Fransson et al. Stockholm 2007. Р. 279–284.
- ^ https://web.archive.org/web/20110726051430/http://www.oe.eclipse.co.uk/nom/Yngvar.htm chapter 5
- ^ Hofmann, Dietrich (1981), Die Yngvars saga viðforla und Oddr munkr inn fróði [Yngvar's saga and Oddr the Wise] (in Icelandic) chapter 5 and 6