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Last edited by WikiDan61 (talk | contribs) 5 months ago. (Update) |
- Comment: This draft appears to be a biography of Henry Lipson, the co-inventor Beevers-Lipson strips in 1936, not Stephen Lipson (who was born in 1941 according to this article). WikiDan61ChatMe!ReadMe!! 20:15, 5 December 2023 (UTC)
Stephen (Geoffrey) Lipson | |
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Born | |
Nationality | British |
Alma mater | |
Known for | |
Scientific career | |
Fields | Physics |
Institutions |
Stephen (Geoffrey) Lipson is a Israeli/British physicist. He was Professor of Physics, Technion, 1966–2009, then professor emeritus.[1]
Background edit
Lipson was born in Cambridge, England, into a family of Polish Jewish immigrants. His father was a steelworker at the Shotton works in Flintshire. His mother was very insistent about the importance of education and ensured that he attended Hawarden Grammar School where he won a scholarship and exhibition to study physics at Liverpool University. He graduated with First Class Honours in 1930 and stayed on to do research at Liverpool into crystal structures using x-ray diffraction.
Career edit
University of Liverpool edit
His research into crystal structures using x-ray diffraction became his primary research interest, and in this research he teamed up with Arnold Beevers and sought advice from Professor Lawrence Bragg (who had established a major crystallographic centre in Manchester). Whilst at Liverpool, and without significant funding Beevers and Lipson made most of their own equipment and invented an aid to calculation, Beevers-Lipson Strips, which were widely used in the days before computers and which made their names well known within the field.[2]
University of Cambridge edit
In 1936, Bragg invited Lipson to move to Manchester, and he later followed Bragg in moves to Teddington and then, when Bragg became Cavendish Professor in 1937, to Cambridge. In Teddington in 1937 he married Jenny Rosenthal (23 January 1910 – 2009)
In practical terms, Lipson was in charge of the crystallography group in Cambridge, and took on a key role in nurturing young scientists. Whilst at the Cavendish he became convinced by contact with P. P. Ewald of the importance of the Fourier transform in X-ray crystallography.
Family edit
He had three children Ann (b. 1938), Stephen (b. 1941) and Judith (b. 1943). The death of his youngest daughter from leukaemia in 1990 devastated Henry. In 1991 the Lipsons were on a family visit to Haifa, Israel, where their son was Professor of Physics at the Technion. He suffered a heart attack and died on 26 April of that year.
Evolution edit
Lipson was a proponent of evolutionary creation. He authored a paper A Physicist Looks at Evolution which was widely quote-mined by creationists.[4] Lipson was a critic of Darwinism but did not deny that species have evolved. The New Scientist quoted him as saying "I do not accept the Genesis account of creation as anything more than pleasing fantasy. My idea of creation is much subtler, but since it is not scientific (in the sense that it cannot be tested) I shall not expound it here."[5]
Selected publications edit
- Lipson, H.; Beevers, C. A. (1935). "The crystal structure of the alums". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences. 148 (865): 664–680. Bibcode:1935RSPSA.148..664L. doi:10.1098/rspa.1935.0040.
- Lipson, H.; Taylor, A. (1939). "Defect lattices in some ternary alloys". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences. 173 (953): 232–237. Bibcode:1939RSPSA.173..232L. doi:10.1098/rspa.1939.0141.
- Edwards, Olive S.; Lipson, H. (1942). "Imperfections in the structure of cobalt. I. Experimental work and proposed structure". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences. 180 (982): 268–277. Bibcode:1942RSPSA.180..268E. doi:10.1098/rspa.1942.0039. S2CID 120675954.
- Lipson, H.; Stokes, A. R. (1942). "The structure of graphite". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences. 181 (984): 101–105. Bibcode:1942RSPSA.181..101L. doi:10.1098/rspa.1942.0063. S2CID 138148864.
- Daniel, Vera; Lipson, H. (1943). "An X-ray study of the dissociation of an alloy of copper, iron and nickel". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences. 181 (987): 368–378. Bibcode:1943RSPSA.181..368D. doi:10.1098/rspa.1943.0014. S2CID 96813847.
- Daniel, Vera; Lipson, H. (1944). "The dissociation of an alloy of copper, iron and nickel Further X -ray work". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences. 182 (991): 378–387. Bibcode:1944RSPSA.182..378D. doi:10.1098/rspa.1944.0012. S2CID 97395157.
- Lipson, H. S.; Taylor, C. A. (31 August 1961). "Optical models of crystal structures". New Scientist. 11 (250): 513–517.
- Lipson, Henry (1984). The study of metals and alloys by X-ray powder diffraction methods. University College Cardiff Press.
- Lipson, Henry Solomon (1990). "Reminiscences and discoveries, the introduction of Fourier methods into crystal-structure determination". Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London. 44 (2): 257–264. doi:10.1098/rsnr.1990.0021. S2CID 123077861.
References edit
- ^ Lipson, Henry; Ariel Lipson; Lipson, Stephen H. (2011). Optical physics (4th ed.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-49345-1. (1st edition, 1969)
- ^ Gould, Bob (December 1998). "The mechanism of Beevers–Lipson strips". iucr.org. International Union of Crystallography. Retrieved 28 March 2014.
- ^ "Set of Beevers Lipson Strips, Sine Set, c.1936". Oxford: Museum of the History of Science. Retrieved 28 March 2014.
- ^ "The Quote Mine Project". Talk.Origins.
- ^ Cherfas, Jeremy. (1982). The best of both worlds: Jeremy Cherfas has been casting through readers' letters on natural selection and religion. New Scientist, 11 March. p. 656
Category:1941 births Category:Alumni of the University of Cambridge Category:British physicists Category:British Jews Category:Jewish scientists Category:Jewish British scientists