The Siege of Johor 1576 was indeed a conflict between the Malay Sultanate of Johor and the Portuguese[1]. The Portuguese, seeking to extend their influence in the region, besieged the city of Johor (then known as Kota Batu) in an attempt to assert control over the lucrative Spice trade in the area. However, the Malay forces, led by Alauddin Riayat Shah II of Johor, successfully defended the city and repelled the Portuguese attack[2]. This event is significant in the history of Southeast Asia as it marked one of the early clashes between the indigenous Malay powers and European colonial forces in the region.
- ^ Razzi, Mo (2012-01-15). "Untold History: Untold History : The Malays and Their Forgotten Wars". Untold History. Retrieved 2024-03-18.
- ^ "The River Forts of Johor". www.sabrizain.org. Retrieved 2024-03-18.