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Comment: Looking at the redlinks and the way the cites are formatted, I wonder if this has been translated from somewhere (eg. de.wiki)? If so, the original must be credited as the source; see WP:HOWTRANS. DoubleGrazing (talk) 17:54, 20 November 2022 (UTC)
- Comment: The only references are in the 'Career in Engineering' section, the rest of this is entirely unsupported. DoubleGrazing (talk) 17:52, 20 November 2022 (UTC)
Nathan Sally Stern | |
|---|---|
| Born | Nathan Sally Stern 28 May 1879 |
| Died | 18 December 1975 (aged 96) |
| Nationality | German-American |
| Education | Technical University of Darmstadt |
| Occupation | Engineer |
| Spouse | Wilhelmine Stern née Jessel (m. 1907) |
| Engineering career | |
| Projects | Founded American Measuring Instruments, Introduced Die casting to Germany, Significant development of refrigeration technology in Germany |
| Significant design | Piston ring, Dual Circuit Breaking |
| Significant advance | Automobile |
Nathan Sally Stern was a German-American engineer, entrepreneur and technical writer. He helped shape the technical development of the automobile and the early automobile industry of the 20th century.
Early life edit
Nathan Sally Stern was born as the second child of a Jewish family in Frankfurt am Main. His father Moses Stern was private secretary to the Frankfurt banker and social reformer Charles Hallgarten.
In 1896 Stern began studying general mechanical engineering at the Grand Ducal Technical University of Darmstadt, which he graduated in 1901 with a degree in engineering. In 1903 he joined Adler Fahrradwerke, formerly H. Kleyer AG in Frankfurt am Main as a designer, where he worked as an assistant to Edmund Rumpler and in 1908 rose to become the head of the automobile design office . The company's first automobile was manufactured under his leadership. In 1910 he moved to Hansa-Automobil-Gesellschaft mbH in Varel as senior engineer and authorized signatory, where he worked as head of the design office. In the course of the merger with NAMAG to form Hansa-Lloyd, he became manager of the plant in Bielefeld.
After working for one year as an editor at the Leipzig publishing house B. G. Teubner Stern was hired in 1915 by Alfred Teves, whom he knew from his time at Adlerwerke, as technical director of the Alfred Teves machine and fittings factory founded in 1912 in Frankfurt am Main. He retained this position during the strong growth of the company until 1936.
In 1936, Stern fled Nazi persecution to England, where he worked as a consulting engineer for companies. He received financial support through payments from Teves, which were spent as consultant fees. In 1940, Stern was interned on the Isle of Man for six months as an "Enemy alien". In December 1940 he finally emigrated to the USA. In New York City he founded the American Measuring Instruments Corporation, a company for precision instruments, which he led as president until 1960. He also worked as an industrial consultant.
Nathan Sally Stern was married to Wilhelmine Stern née Jessel (marriage 1907) and had two daughters, Grete (1909-2007) and Lotte (1912-2016).
Career in engineering edit
“In the still young auto industry, entrepreneurial engineers such as Benz, Daimler and Diesel were followed by employee engineers, whose names and achievements can only be summarized in a few Cases became known beyond the company and specialist area. One of its prominent representatives is Nathan S. Stern, who influenced vehicle development in Germany at Adler and Hansa until 1914. At Teves he earned a reputation as one of the leading experts in the fields of foundry technology, piston ring manufacture and hydraulic brakes. After he had to leave Germany for political reasons, the engineer Stern, who was also a writer, was able to take up professional positions in England and the USA that corresponded to those in Germany."[1]
Nathan Sally Stern began his career in the automotive industry in a period where craftsmanship and experience prevailed. With the consistent application of scientific approaches to product development, he represents the transition in the automotive industry from manufacturing to large-scale production based on the division of labour.
As technical director at Teves, he perfected piston rings and hydraulic brakes, introduced manufacturing processes such as die casting in Germany for the first time and developed them further. He was also instrumental in the development of refrigeration technology in Germany. After a trip to America in 1927 to Frigidaire and other refrigerator factories, the first domestic refrigerators of the Ate brand were created under his technical direction[2] as well as cooling machines, air conditioning and ventilation systems for industry and trade.[3]
Nathan Sally Stern brought innovations to the various product groups throughout his tenure. His biographer Erik Eckermann attributes 33 German patents to his co-invention. These include forward-looking ones that have a dual-circuit hydraulic brake[4] First described in 1930.
Writings edit
Nathan Sally Stern published numerous articles in specialist journals between 1904 and 1960 and wrote articles in the Frankfurter Zeitung until his emigration. In addition, he wrote popular scientific and feuilletonistic essays such as the "Critical Remarks" on Henry Ford's autobiography.
In retirement he published memories of his time in Germany.
Literature edit
- Stern, Nathan S(ally). In: Rudolf Vierhaus (ed.): German Biographical Encyclopedia (DBE). 2nd, revised and expanded edition. Volume 11: "Supplements/Personenregister." Saur, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-598-25041-5, p. 69.
- Stern, Nathan. In: Werner Röder, Herbert A. Strauss (ed.): Biographical handbook of German-speaking emigration after 1933, Volume 1: Politics, economy, public life . Saur, Munich 1980, ISBN 3-598-10087-6, p. 733.
- Erik Eckermann: Nathan S. Stern. Engineer from the early days of the automobile (= history of technology in individual representations, vol. 42). VDI publishing house, Düsseldorf 1985, ISBN 3-18-150042-9
- Stern, Nathan S., index entry: German Biography, (online)
- Paul Erker: Suppliers for Hitler's war. The Continental Group in the Nazi Era. De Gruyter Verlag, Berlin, 2020, ISBN 978-3-11-064220-9
- Ulrich Eisenbach: Teves, Alfred. In: New German Biography, Vol. 26 (2016), pp. 60-61 (online).
- Nathan Stern, 86, founded American Measuring Corp. obituary in The New York Times of December 20, 1975 (nathan-stern-86-founded-american-measuring-corp.html?searchResultPosition=1 online), age is corrected in issue of December 27, 1975 Nathan S. Stern, automotive pioneer [...] was 96 years old (online).
- Adelheid Voskuhl: Engineering Philosophy: Theories of Technology, German Idealism and Social Order in High-Industrial Germany. In: Technology and Culture, Vol. 57 (2016), pp. 721-752 (online).
References edit
- ^ Erik Eckermann (1985). Nathan S . Star. Engineer from the early days of the automobile. Vol. 42. Düsseldorf: VDI Verlag. pp. II. ISBN 3-18-150042-9.
{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help) - ^ "company history Ate" (PDF). Historic refrigeration and air conditioning technology e.V. Retrieved 2021-10-21.
- ^ Erik Eckermann (1985). Nathan S. Stern. Engineer from the early days of the automobile. Vol. 42. Düsseldorf: VDI Verlag. pp. 78 ff. ISBN 3-18-150042--9.
{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help) - ^ DPMA. "DE613207" (PDF). Retrieved 2021-10-07.