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Muhammad ibn al-Alqami (Arabic: محمد بن محمد بن علي بن ابي طالب بن العلقمي), also known as Ibn al-'Alqami, was a Shi'ite politician and the last minister of the Abbasid caliphate. He was born in 591/1194-5 in Hillah, Iraq. Ibn al-'Alqami came from a prominent family. Some historians believed he was of Iranian descent from Qom, while others considered him an Arab whose lineage traced back to Asad b. Khuzayma, an ancestor of Prophet Muhammad (s). He was a fanatical supporter of Shi'ite Islam. Career and Role in the Fall of Baghdad Ibn al-'Alqami served as the minister of the Abbasid caliph Al-Musta'sim in the mid-13th century. He is known for his role in the Mongol conquest of Baghdad in 1258. As the Mongol forces under Hulagu Khan approached Baghdad, Ibn al-'Alqami advocated a peaceful surrender to prevent bloodshed. Some Sunni historians accused him of treachery and collusion with the Mongols, while others praised his abilities as a minister. After the Mongol sack of Baghdad, Ibn al-'Alqami's son Sharaf al-Din Abu l-Qasim 'Ali succeeded him as minister. Ibn al-'Alqami died in 656/1258 and was buried in a Shi'ite cemetery in Baghdad. Legacy and Controversies Ibn al-'Alqami remains a controversial figure in Islamic history. Sunni historians often criticized his actions during the Mongol conquest, while Shi'ite sources portrayed him as a prominent, religious and generous man. Some accused Ibn al-'Alqami of planning to remove the Sunni Abbasids and install a Shi'ite dynasty. However, most historians agree he was a capable minister who advocated a pragmatic approach to dealing with the Mongols. Despite the controversies, Ibn al-'Alqami's tenure as the last Abbasid minister marked the end of an era for the once-mighty caliphate. His life and role in the fall of Baghdad continue to be debated by scholars of medieval Islamic history.