Wikipedia

Draft:Medvědí hora

Medvědí hora
View from the serpentine road no. 44 from Šumperk to Jeseník on the slope of Velký Klínovec [pl] mountain to the top of Medvědí hora and Dlouhý vrch (on the left, the slope of Hřbety–JZ mountain)
Highest point
Elevation1,164 m (3,819 ft)
Prominence4 m (13 ft)
Coordinates50°05′15.9″N 17°08′49.8″E / 50.087750°N 17.147167°E / 50.087750; 17.147167
Geography
Parent rangeHrubý Jeseník

Medvědí hora (historical name in German: Bärenherd,[1] in Czech: Medvězí)[2] is a mountain with an elevation of 1,164 m above sea level in the mountain range of the Hrubý Jeseník, in the northeastern Czech Republic, in the Eastern Sudetes, in Moravia, within the municipality of Loučná nad Desnou, located about 6 km west of the peak of Praděd mountain.[3][4][5]

Characteristics

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Location

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View from the summit of Praděd towards the mountains: Vřesník [pl], Dlouhé stráně (above it the summit of Mravenečník [pl]), Kamenec [pl], and Medvědí hora (with the summit of Ucháč [pl] barely visible)
 
View from the lower road around the peak of Dlouhé stráně towards the summits: Kamenec and Medvědí hora, above it Černá stráň [pl], Polom [pl], and Vozka [pl], below it Suchá hora and Šindelná hora–JZ (in the distance to the left, the peaks of the Králický Sněžník Mountains)

Medvědí hora is located in the central-western region of the entire Hrubý Jeseník range, situated in the part of the Hrubý Jeseník, in the north-western area (microregion) called the Praděd Massif (Czech: Pradědská hornatina) and positioned on a branch extending from the side ridge of the Praděd Massif, stretching from Hubertka [pl] mountain to the Vlčí sedlo pass.[3] For this reason, it is an indistinct summit, difficult to recognize against the backdrop of the entire Dlouhé stráně massif. A certain element that allows the summit to be located is the three visible towers – wind turbines located close to the summit, which are part of the Mravenečník wind farm.[3] The summit is visible from the road surrounding the summit area of Praděd mountain,[6] where it emerges below the line of sight towards Ucháč [pl] mountain. Moreover, it is very well visible from another characteristic viewpoint – from the road surrounding the summit of Dlouhé stráně (visible above the Salaš mountain hut) and from some other places, e.g., from road no. 44 on the slope of Velký Klínovec [pl] mountain.[6]

The summit and its slopes are bounded by:[3]

  • to the north by the valley of the Divoká Desná river
  • to the east and southeast by the valley of the Borový potok stream
  • to the south by a pass at an altitude of 1160 m above sea level towards the summit of Kamenec (1) [pl][a] and the valley of the Tříramenný potok stream
  • to the west by a pass at an altitude of 913 m above sea level towards the summit of Dlouhý vrch.

In the vicinity of Medvědí hora, the following summits are located:[3]

  • to the east Tupý vrch [pl]
  • to the southeast Dlouhé stráně
  • to the south Mravenečník [pl]
  • to the southwest Kamenec (1) and Jedlový vrch
  • to the west Skály (2)[b] and Dlouhý vrch
  • to the northwest Suchá hora
  • to the north Skalký u Červenohorského sedla–JZ and Skalký u Červenohorského sedla
  • to the northeast Hřbety–JZ and Rysí skála [pl].

Slopes

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Viewpoint on the rock group Rysí skála [pl] named Vyhlídka Rysí skála

Within the peak, five main slopes can be distinguished:[3]

  • eastern
  • northeastern
  • northern
  • northwestern
  • western, named U tří potoků

All types of forestation can be found here: spruce forest, mixed forest,[c] and deciduous forest.[7][8] The upper parts of all slopes near the summit area are mostly covered by spruce forest, while descending in altitude, they transition into mixed forest and deciduous forest.[7][8] Nearly all slopes are characterized by significant variability in forest height (from 3 to 30 meters), with clearings, cut-throughs for pistes and associated ski lifts, and extensive glades.[8] At the base of the northeastern and northwestern slopes, there is a significant clearing for a 400 kV overhead power line from the Dlouhé stráně Hydro Power Plant.[8] On the steep eastern slope, there is a rock group named Skalý Medvědí hory,[9] stretching from the summit to about 850 meters above sea level.[3] Other rock groups, such as Rysí skála [pl], and individual rock formations are also found on this slope, as well as on the northwestern slope.[3] About 100 meters northeast of the summit, near the Medvědí hora (Rysí skála) tourist stop, there are two twin tourist canopies, next to which, on the Rysí skála rock group, there is a viewpoint named Vyhlídka Rysí skála[10] with a platform surrounded by railings on two sides, offering views towards the Praděd mountain.[4]

The slopes have relatively uneven, generally steep, and varied inclinations.[3] The average slope inclinations range from 10° (western slopes) to 30° (eastern slope).[3] The average inclination of all slopes (weighted arithmetic mean of slope inclinations) is about 17°.[3] The maximum average inclination of the eastern slope, near the rock group at elevations around 950 meters above sea level over a 50-meter section, does not exceed 55°.[3] At the base of the northwestern slope, near the Kouty nad Desnou [pl] settlement, runs the national road no. 44 from Šumperk to Jeseník.[3] The slopes are covered with a network of roads with designated cycling routes (e.g., Uhlířská cesta) and generally unmarked paths and trails.[3][8] Additionally, an observation tower has been built on the western slope.[11]

Observation tower

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Observation tower Rozhledna u Tetřeví chaty

To enhance the attractiveness of the mountain tourist area near the village of Loučná nad Desnou, following the earlier construction of a chairlift[12][13] and the establishment of the NS Rysí skála educational trail, the state enterprise Lesy ČR decided to build an observation tower (Rozhledna u Tetřeví chaty) near the upper terminal of the chairlift with funds from the Program 2020 – ensuring public interest objectives (Czech: Programu 2020 – zajištění cílů veřejného zájmu).[14]

The construction contract for the tower was awarded to HORSTAV, s.r.o. from Olomouc, and it was designed by the company A2 architekti, s.r.o., with architects David Benda, Robert Štefka, and Jana Stehlíková. The tower is operated by K3 Sport, s.r.o. from Olomouc.[15]

The tower is located about 550 meters southwest of the peak, at an altitude of 1,095 meters above sea level, and approximately 50 meters from the upper chairlift station.[3] It was built between June and October 2014 and opened on October 23.[15][16] The tower has a cuboid shape with dimensions 4.1 × 4.1 × 18 meters and features a steel skeleton structure with internal circular stairs around the walls, mounted on a concrete foundation.[15] It is clad in vertical wooden slats and has window openings and viewing balconies situated at different heights on some walls, along with a main platform under the roof. The tower may be closed in adverse weather conditions such as icing or storms. Access to the tower is via the chairlift from the settlement of Kouty nad Desnou.[3] The tower offers panoramic views from the west to the north, including the area of some peaks of the Keprník Massif [pl] (Czech: Keprnická hornatina).[15] A fast food outlet Bar u Medvěda in the form of a rotunda is located on the platform near the tower.[15] The total cost of the tower and nearby facilities and their connections was approximately 8,300,000 CZK (including about 2,800,000 CZK for the tower).[15]

Summit

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Summit plateau of Medvědí hora
 
Triangulation station (benchmark) on the summit plateau of Medvědí hora
 
Summit rock group of Medvědí hora

The summit plateau is traversed by a main path from the Tetřeví chata tourist intersection, marked with an informational board indicating an elevation of 1,165 m, to the Medvědí hora (Rysí skála) tourist stop, marked with an informational board indicating an elevation of 1,162 m.[3] The summit plateau is forested with spruce forest and covered with alpine grass.[7][8] There is a secondary triangulation station on the summit plateau in the form of a benchmark, marked on geodetic maps with the number 22.3, at an elevation of 1,162.20 m and geographical coordinates 50°05′19.06″N 17°08′49.05″E / 50.0886278°N 17.1469583°E / 50.0886278; 17.1469583, located about 20 m northwest of the summit.[7] On the summit, there is a rock group that serves as a limited viewpoint, offering restricted views towards Dlouhé stráně mountain.[7][8] The state geodetic office named Český úřad zeměměřický a katastrální (CÚZK) in Prague lists the highest point – the summit – at an elevation of 1,163.6 m with geographical coordinates 50°05′15.9″N 17°08′49.8″E / 50.087750°N 17.147167°E / 50.087750; 17.147167.[7]

Access to the summit is via a marked green educational trail from the Tetřeví chata tourist intersection.[3][8] Walking towards the Medvědí hora (Rysí skála) tourist stop for about 400 meters, one needs to turn right onto an unmarked path and after about 20 meters, one will reach the summit rock group.[3][8]

Geology

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Geologically, the summit and slopes of Medvědí hora belong to the unit known as the Vrbno layers [pl], and partly to the unit known as the Desná Dome [pl].[17] They are composed of metamorphic rocks, primarily gneisses (plagioclases), phyllites, phyllonites [pl] (biotites, muscovites, chlorites), amphibolites, stromatites, and migmatites, as well as sedimentary rocks, primarily quartzites and meta-conglomerates.[18]

Waters

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The main ridge (crest) of Praděd mountain, running from Skřítek [pl] pass to Červenohorské sedlo [pl] pass and further to Ramzovské sedlo [pl] pass, is part of the boundary of the European watershed, dividing the basins of the Baltic Sea and the Black Sea.[19]

The summit and its slopes are located southwest of this boundary, thus belonging to the Black Sea basin. Waters from this part of the Hrubý Jeseník mountains flow into the Danube river basin, which is an extension of the rivers and mountain streams originating here, including the Divoká Desná river and streams such as Borový Potok and Tříramenný Potok.[3] From the northwestern and northern slopes, several short, unnamed streams originate, feeding into the Divoká Desná river.[3] Approximately 920 m west of the summit, on the Borový Potok stream, at an elevation of about 810 m, there is a waterfall named Vodopád na Borovém potoce with a total height of 14 m.[20][21][22] Access to it is from the blue tourist trail running from the Pod Medvědí horou tourist intersection.[3] Additionally, at the foot of the northwest slope, close to the flowing Divoká Desná river, there are two oval connected water reservoirs, measuring 40 m and 95 m in length.[3][23]

Nature protection

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The summit and its slopes are within the protected area called the Jeseníky Protected Landscape Area [pl] (Czech: Chráněná krajinná oblast (CHKO) Jeseníky), established to protect rock, soil formations, plant life, and rare animal species.[3] No nature reserves or other areas designated as natural monuments have been established on the slopes.[3]

In 2013, a circular educational trail named Naučná stezka Rysí skála was designated on the slopes and summit plateau of Medvědí hora, at elevations ranging from 1,080 to 1,163 meters, covering a distance of about 2 km with 10 observation points along the route:[24][25]

  • Medvědí hora (cable car station) – Rysí skála [pl] viewpoint – Medvědí hora summit – Tetřeví chata – Medvědí hora (cable car station)[3]

Tourism

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Upper station of the chairlift on the route from Kouty nad Desnou to Medvědí hora

At the foot of the northwestern slope, in the settlement of Rejhotice near road no. 44, there are two guesthouses: Chata Diana[26] and Chata pod Mravenečníkem.[3][27] Medvědí hora is a popular destination for tourists, offering numerous leisure activities, including hiking, cycling, skiing, a lookout tower, a bar, and an educational trail. The slopes of Medvědí hora are crucial for the ski resort located near the settlement of Kouty nad Desnou,[28] part of the town Loučná nad Desnou, which features a range of hotels and guesthouses.[29] The summit is about 2.5 km southeast of this ski resort.[3] Loučná nad Desnou itself is approximately 4.5 km southwest of the summit.[3] The Červenohorské sedlo pass, with its hotel and guesthouses, is about 4 km north of the summit.[3] Approximately 600 m southwest of the summit, there is the upper station of the chairlift on the route from Kouty nad Desnou to Medvědí hora.[3][13]

A key tourist point is the Medvědí hora intersection, about 820 m north of the summit, with an elevation of 1,125 m, as indicated on the information board. This intersection features two hiking trails, bike trails, an educational path, a cross-country skiing route, the starting point for downhill ski runs, the upper station of the chairlift, a lookout tower, and a fast-food bar named Bar u Medvěda.[3]

Hiking trails

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The Czech Tourist Club (Czech: Klub Českých Turistů) has marked four hiking trails on the slopes or at their bases:[3]

  Kouty nad Desnou – Skály (2)[b] – U obrázku pass – Dlouhý vrch – Medvědí hora – Kamenec (1) [pl] – Mravenečník [pl] – Dlouhé stráně summit – upper reservoir of the Dlouhé stráně Hydro Power Plant – U Okenní štoly[30]

  Pod Medvědí horou – Borový potok river valley – Schnellerův kříž[d][31][32] – Vodopád Borového potoka waterfall

  Kouty nad Desnou – Divoká Desná river valley – U Kamenné chaty – Praděd National Nature Reserve – Velký Děd [pl] – Praděd summit[33]

  Kouty nad Desnou – Hřbety [pl] – Nad Petrovkou [pl] – Kamzík – Velký Jezerník [pl] – Sedlo Velký Jezerník pass – Švýcárna [pl] mountain hut – Praděd – U Barborky [pl] pass – Petrovy kameny – Ovčárna [pl] – Karlova Studánka

Trails and cycling routes

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Around the slopes or at the base, four cycling routes run on the following trails:[3]

  Loučná nad Desnou – Seč – Čepel [pl] – Mravenečník – Medvědí hora – Kamenec (1) – Dlouhé stráně – Velká Jezerná [pl] – Divoká Desná river valley – Kouty nad Desnou – Černá stráň – Přemyslovské sedlo pass – Tři kameny – Ucháč [pl] – Jelení skok – Loveč – Lískovec – Loučná nad Desnou[34]

  Přemyslovské sedlo – Přemyslov – Loučná nad Desnou – Seč – Kamenec (1) – Skály (2) – U obrázku pass – Medvědí hora – Kouty nad Desnou

  U obrázku – Medvědí hora – Kamenec (1) – Mravenečník – Margareta

  Přemyslov – Černá stráň – Hučivá Desná stream valley – Červená hora [pl] – Šindelná hora [pl] – Suchá hora – Kouty nad Desnou – Hřbety – Nad Petrovkou – Petrovka[35]

Additionally, on the northwestern slope, mountain biking routes of the Bikepark Kouty are marked:[3][36][37]

    Koutíkův sen: Upper station of the cable car – Medvědí hora – Areál Kouty (cable car)

    Stará medvědice: Upper station of the cable car – Medvědí hora – Areál Kouty (cable car)

    Hřebenovka – Kouty: Upper station of the cable car – Medvědí hora – Dlouhý vrch – U obrázku pass – Skály (2) – Kouty nad Desnou

    Uhlířská stopa: Upper station of the cable car – Medvědí hora – Kamenec (1) – U obrázku pass – Skály (2) – Kouty nad Desnou

Road climbs

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At the foot of Medvědí hora, a road climb runs along route 44 from the town of Loučná nad Desnou to Červenohorské sedlo pass, popular with cyclists and motorcyclists:[3]

  (Length: 11.8 km, elevation gain: 506 m, average gradient: 4.3%, 9 road loops)[38]

Ski trails

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During snow periods, some hiking and cycling trails are used for cross-country skiing.[39][40] Within the slopes of Medvědí hora, four main downhill ski trails with corresponding lifts are part of the ski resort named Ski Areál Kouty nad Desnou:[e][28][41][42]

  Main downhill ski trails with lifts from Medvědí hora[40]
Number Trail and name Trail length

(meters)

Elevation gain

(meters)

Lift type Lift length

(meters)

1   U vrtulí 650 100 T-bar 650
2    Medvědí 2,150 500 chairlift[13] 1,933
3    Hřebenovka 2,450 500
4   Pohodová 3,050 520

Notes

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  1. ^ The designation is indexed to distinguish it from two other peaks in the same range with the same name: Kamenec (2), located 3.3 km southeast of the Skřítek [pl] pass, and Kamenec (3), located 1.7 km east of the village of Bělá pod Pradědem.
  2. ^ a b The designation is indexed to distinguish it from another peak in the same range with the same name, Skály (1), located 4.5 km west of the village of Vrbno pod Pradědem.
  3. ^ The forest stand of the entire Jeseníky Protected Landscape Area includes: European spruce 84%, European beech 10%, European larch 1.5%, sycamore maple 1.1%, birch 1%, common alder 0.8%, dwarf mountain pine 0.4%, grey alder 0.3%, (European silver fir, European ash, and linden) 0.2%, Scotch pine 0.1%, and others (Pinus mugo, oak, hornbeam, Norway maple, elm, rowan, green alder, aspen, poplar, and goat willow) 0.2%.
  4. ^ Schnellerův kříž is located on the adjacent slope of the mountain Tupý vrch [pl].
  5. ^ Other downhill ski trails of the Ski Areál Kouty nad Desnou ski resort are located from the summit of Dlouhý vrch and Skály (2).

References

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  1. ^ "Medvědí hora (Bärenherd) (1163 m) 1:12 000". Mapy.cz (in Czech). Retrieved 2024-08-03.
  2. ^ "Topografické mapy v systému S-1952 1:25 000". Český Úřad Zeměměřický a Katastrální (in Czech). Retrieved 2024-08-03.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj "Medvědí hora (1163 m) (mapa turystyczna) 1:12 000". Mapy.cz (in Czech). Retrieved 2024-08-03.
  4. ^ a b "Góry bliskie sercu. Medvědí hora (1159 m n.p.m.)". sudeckiedrogi.wordpress.com (in Polish). 11 July 2011. Archived from the original on 2023-03-07.
  5. ^ Kobza, Miroslav. "Od Pradědu na Hanou: Medvědí hora". olomouc.rozhlas.cz (in Czech). Archived from the original on 2023-03-08.
  6. ^ a b "View". www.heywhatsthat.com. Retrieved 2024-08-03.
  7. ^ a b c d e f "Geoprohlížeč – ZÚ (Geoportal Czech)". Český Úřad Zeměměřický a Katastrální (in Czech). Retrieved 2024-08-03.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Medvědí hora (1163 m) (mapa lotnicza) 1:12 000". Mapy.cz (in Czech). Retrieved 2024-08-03.
  9. ^ "Skály Medvědí hory". www.turistika.cz (in Czech). Retrieved 2024-08-03.
  10. ^ "Vyhlídka na Medvědí hoře". www.turistika.cz (in Czech). Retrieved 2024-08-03.
  11. ^ "Vrchařská koruna Jesenicka. Medvědí hora 1100 m n.m." jesenicka-vrcharska-20.webnode.cz (in Czech). Archived from the original on 2016-05-06.
  12. ^ "Lanovka". kouty.cz (in Czech). Retrieved 2024-08-03.
  13. ^ a b c "Sedačková lanovka Kouty nad Desnou – Dlouhé stráně". Lanové dráhy v Česke republice (in Czech). Archived from the original on 2021-11-04.
  14. ^ Boublík, Zbyněk (5 November 2014). "Lesy ČR: nová Rozhledna u Tetřeví chaty v Jeseníkách je hotová". lesycr.cz (in Czech). Archived from the original on 2021-02-10.
  15. ^ a b c d e f "Rozhledna u Tetřeví chaty na Medvědí hoře u Koutů nad Desnou". rozhledny.webzdarma.cz (in Czech). Archived from the original on 2022-08-12.
  16. ^ "Na Medvědí hoře v Jeseníkach byla otevřena nová rozhledna". archiweb.cz (in Czech). 7 November 2014. Archived from the original on 2021-01-19.
  17. ^ Cymerman, Z. (1998). "Spory o podział geologiczny Sudetów". Przegląd Geologiczny (in Polish). 46 (6): 531. ISSN 0033-2151. Archived from the original on 2018-12-11.
  18. ^ "Geologická mapa 1:50 000". mapy.geology.cz (in Czech). Retrieved 2024-06-15.
  19. ^ "Hrubý Jeseník (mapa) (JPEG)". dudisoft.eu (in Czech). Archived from the original on 2016-03-04.
  20. ^ "Vodopády Jesníků a okolí. Borové vodopády". Vodopády ČR (in Czech). Archived from the original on 2023-03-03.
  21. ^ "K vodopádům na Borovém potoce". www.turistika.cz (in Czech). Retrieved 2024-08-03.
  22. ^ "Vodopády na Borovém potoce". jeseniky.net (in Czech). Archived from the original on 2022-09-27.
  23. ^ "Plávka v Koutech nad Desnou". www.turistika.cz (in Czech). Retrieved 2024-08-03.
  24. ^ "Interaktivní naučná stezka Rysí skála, areál Kouty nad Desnou". vylety-zabava.cz (in Czech). 18 January 2017. Archived from the original on 2022-10-06.
  25. ^ "Naučná stezka Rysí skála Kouty nad Desnou". infocesko.cz (in Czech). Archived from the original on 2021-11-30.
  26. ^ "Chata Diana - Kouty nad Desnou". e-chalupy.cz (in Czech). Retrieved 2024-08-03.
  27. ^ "Chata pod Mravenečníkem - Kouty nad Desnou". e-chalupy.cz (in Czech). Retrieved 2024-08-03.
  28. ^ a b "Ski areál Kouty nad Desnou". jeseniky.net (in Czech). Archived from the original on 2022-08-14.
  29. ^ "Ubytování Loučná nad Desnou". www.e-chalupy.cz (in Czech). Retrieved 2024-08-03.
  30. ^ "Góry bliskie sercu. Czeski cud". sudeckiedrogi.wordpress.com (in Polish). 24 May 2012. Archived from the original on 2021-11-06.
  31. ^ "Schnellerův kříž". www.turistika.cz (in Czech). Retrieved 2024-08-03.
  32. ^ Schärfnerová, Mirka (23 July 2011). "Schnellerův kříž u Borového potoka na paměť lesníka F. R. Schnellera, který zde 13.2.1934 tragicky zahynul". alltravels.com. Archived from the original on 2016-08-27.
  33. ^ "Góry bliskie sercu. Dziki wąwóz". sudeckiedrogi.wordpress.com (in Polish). 8 July 2013. Archived from the original on 2021-01-27.
  34. ^ "Cyklotrasa 6155 Kouty – PVE DS". ejeseniky.com (in Czech). Archived from the original on 2023-03-01.
  35. ^ "Cyklotrasa 6157 Petrovka – Přemyslov". ejeseniky.com (in Czech). Archived from the original on 2023-03-01.
  36. ^ "Bike park. Adrenalina dla początkujących i zawodowców. Jeden z najliczniej odwiedzanych parków w kraju. Trasy rowerowe". kouty.cz (in Polish). Archived from the original on 2023-03-07.
  37. ^ "Bike park Kouty". ceskojede.cz (in Czech). Archived from the original on 2021-02-12.
  38. ^ Książkiewicz, Michał. "Rowerowa baza podjazdów. Červenohorské sedlo (1013 m) od południa (Šumperk)". genetyk.com (in Polish). Archived from the original on 2008-01-16.
  39. ^ "Běžkařské trasy". kouty.cz (in Czech). Retrieved 2024-08-04.
  40. ^ a b "Medvědí hora (1163 m) (mapa tras narciarskich) 1:12 000". Mapy.cz (in Czech). Retrieved 2024-08-04.
  41. ^ "Ski areál Kouty". lyzovani.infocesko.cz (in Czech). Retrieved 2024-08-04.
  42. ^ "Trasy zjazdowe – areál Kouty". kouty.cz (in Polish). Retrieved 2024-08-04.
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