List of sauropod species

Sauropoda is a clade of dinosaurs that consists of roughly 300 species of large, long-necked herbivores and includes the largest terrestrial animals ever to exist. The first sauropod species were named in 1842 by Richard Owen, though at the time, he regarded them as unusual crocodilians. Sauropoda was named in 1878 by Othniel Marsh.[1]

Scope

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For historical value, this list includes every sauropod species that has been formally named, regardless of whether the species is currently considered to be valid. Invalid species (i.e., species that are regarded as dubious or as a junior synonym of another species) are given a darker gray background.

Mussaurus

Phylogenetic relationships of near-sauropod sauropodomorphs according to McPhee and Choiniere 2018,[2] with Sauropoda sensu lato highlighted in pink and Sauropoda sensu stricto highlighted in red to show the difference between the two definitions

The precise definition of Sauropoda is disputed. One proposed dividing line is to consider as sauropods all species more closely related to derived sauropods than Melanorosaurus, one of the most sauropod-like taxa historically classified as a "prosauropod". The other is to exclude from Sauropoda any species more distantly related to derived sauropods than Vulcanodon, one of the earliest and most basal taxa historically accepted as a sauropod. This leaves an interval of species more closely related to derived sauropods than Melanorosaurus but not so closely as Vulcanodon that are sauropods under one definition but not the other. Many characteristics of sauropods, such as opisthocoelous cervical vertebrae and columnar limbs, evolved within this transitional region, so that species within it may exhibit a combination of characteristics regarded as sauropod-like or non-sauropod-like.

For the purposes of this list, species whose phylogenetic position may fall within the interval between Melanorosaurus and Vulcanodon, or whose status as a sauropod is otherwise regarded as uncertain, are listed separately from unambiguous sauropods.

The third section of this list covers species that were once classified as sauropods, but have been reidentified as belonging to other groups.

The fourth section of this list covers informally named sauropod species.

Unambiguous sauropods

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The following is a list of every species of sauropod that has ever been formally named, regardless of whether it is currently considered valid, dubious, or synonymous with another species. Invalid species are given a darker gray background. It does not contain species that have been recovered as basal to Vulcanodon by phylogenetic analysis, which are covered in a separate list below. The list contains the following information:

  • Scientific name: The binomial name of the species, accompanied by a citation to the work in which the species was formally named.
  • Status: The taxonomic status of the species, listing whether the species is currently regarded as valid, a nomen dubium, or as synonymous with another species.
  • Authors: The list of people credited with naming the species.
  • Date named: The date on which the species name is formally regarded as having first been published. According to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, only print publications and online works registered in ZooBank are considered to have been formally published,[3] so the date given is the date recorded by ZooBank or the date of print publication, if different from the date of online publication.
  • Parent clade: The most specific clade that the species is uncontroversially regarded as belonging to. When sorted, this column will place the clades in phylogenetic order, not alphabetical.
  • Age: The geological age of the species in millions of years ago. Ranges generally indicate uncertainty, not the known duration of the species, so the range of ages listed does not imply that the species existed for the entire duration of that range. When a numerical age range is not directly available, it is converted from the date range of the reported chronostratigraphic units.
  • Location: A list of countries where fossils of the species have been found. In the case of invalid species, only where the type specimen was found.
  • Notes: Miscellaneous notes, including what the species was originally called, if its genus assignment has been changed.
  • Skeletal diagram: A diagram showing a hypothetical silhouette of the animal, which bones are known of the species, and a size comparison if possible. For valid species, this may be a composite of multiple specimens, but for invalid species, this shows only the type specimen of the species.
List of sauropod species
Scientific name Taxonomic status Authors Date named Parent clade Age Location Notes
Cetiosaurus longus
Owen, 1842
Nomen dubium[4] Owen 1842 154.8–149.2 Ma
Late Jurassic:
Kimmeridgian[5]
  United Kingdom
Cetiosaurus medius
Owen, 1842
Nomen dubium[4] Owen 1842 Sauropoda[6] 161.5–145 Ma
Late Jurassic[7]
  United Kingdom
Cetiosaurus brevis
Owen, 1842
Unclear[a] Owen 1842 Titanosauriformes[8] 139.8–132.6 Ma
Early Cretaceous:
Valanginian[8]
  United Kingdom
Cardiodon rugulosus
Owen, 1844
Nomen dubium[9] Owen 1844 Eusauropoda 174.7–161.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic[5]
  United Kingdom
Cetiosaurus conybeari
Melville, 1849
Objective junior synonym of Cetiosaurus brevis[10] Melville 1849 Titanosauriformes[8] 139.8–132.6 Ma
Early Cretaceous:
Valanginian[8]
  United Kingdom
Pelorosaurus conybeari
Mantell, 1850
Unclear[b] Mantell 1850 Titanosauriformes[8] 139.8–132.6 Ma
Early Cretaceous:
Valanginian[8]
  United Kingdom Treated as a distinct taxon from Cetiosaurus conybeari by some authors[11][12][13]
Aepisaurus elephantinus
Gervais, 1852
Nomen dubium[4] Gervais 1852 Sauropoda[16] 113–100.5 Ma
Early Cretaceous:
Albian[16]
  France
Oplosaurus armatus
Gervais, 1852
Valid[8] Gervais 1852 Eusauropoda[8] 125.77–121.4 Ma
Early Cretaceous:
Barremian[8]
  United Kingdom
Haestasaurus becklesii
(Mantell, 1852)
Valid[17] Mantell 1852 Eusauropoda[18] 145–132.6 Ma
Early Cretaceous:
late BerriasianValanginian[17]
  United Kingdom Originally Pelorosaurus becklesii
Astrodon johnstoni
Leidy, 1865
Nomen dubium[4] Leidy May 1865 Titanosauriformes[19] 121.4–113 Ma
Early Cretaceous:
Aptian[19]
  United States
Hypselosaurus priscus
Matheron, 1869
Nomen dubium[4] Matheron 1869 Titanosauria 72.1–66 Ma
Late Cretaceous:
Maastrichtian[16]
  France
Macrurosaurus semnus
Seeley, 1869
Nomen dubium[4] Seeley 1869 Titanosauriformes[20] 113–100.5 Ma
Early Cretaceous:
late Albian[20]
  United Kingdom
Gigantosaurus megalonyx
Seeley, 1869
Nomen dubium[4] Seeley 1869 Sauropoda[21] 154.8–149.2 Ma
Late Jurassic:
Kimmeridgian[21]
  United Kingdom A chimera of sauropod and non-sauropod specimens
Ornithopsis hulkei
Seeley, 1870
Valid[8] Seeley 1870 Titanosauriformes[8] 125.77–121.4 Ma
Early Cretaceous:
Barremian[8]
  United Kingdom[8]
Acanthopholis platypus
Seeley, 1871
Nomen dubium[4] Seeley 1871 Titanosauriformes[20] 113–100.5 Ma
Early Cretaceous:
late Albian[22]
  United Kingdom A chimera of sauropod and ankylosaur specimens
Cetiosaurus oxoniensis
Phillips, 1871
Valid[5] Phillips 1871 Cetiosauridae 168.2–165.3 Ma
Middle Jurassic:
Bathonian[5]
  United Kingdom
Cetiosaurus glymptonensis
Phillips, 1871
Valid[5] Phillips 1871 Diplodocoidea?[5]   United Kingdom
Morinosaurus typus
Sauvage, 1874
Nomen dubium[4] Sauvage 1874 Sauropoda   France
Duriatitan humerocristatus
(Hulke, 1874)
Valid[23] Hulke 1874 Titanosauriformes[23] 154.8–149.2 Ma
Late Jurassic:
Kimmeridgian[23]
  United Kingdom Originally Ceteosaurus humero-cristatus [sic][24]
Bothriospondylus suffossus
Owen, 1875
Nomen dubium[4] Owen 1875 Neosauropoda[25] 154.8–149.2 Ma
Late Jurassic:
Kimmeridgian[25]
  United Kingdom
Bothriospondylus elongatus
Owen, 1875
Nomen dubium[4] Owen 1875 Sauropoda[25] 145–132.6 Ma
Early Cretaceous:
BerriasianValanginian[25]
  United Kingdom
Bothriospondylus magnus
Owen, 1875
Objective junior synonym of Ornithopsis hulkei Owen 1875 Titanosauriformes 125.77–121.4 Ma
Early Cretaceous:
Barremian[25]
  United Kingdom
Bothriospondylus robustus
Owen, 1875
Nomen dubium[4] Owen 1875 Macronaria[25] 168.2–165.3 Ma
Middle Jurassic:
Bathonian[25]
  United Kingdom
Chondrosteosaurus gigas
Owen, 1876
Nomen dubium[4] Owen 1876 Camarasauromorpha[c]   United Kingdom
Iguanodon praecursor
Sauvage, 1876
Nomen dubium[4] Sauvage 1876   France
Titanosaurus indicus
Lydekker, 1877
Nomen dubium[28] Lydekker 1877 Titanosauria   India
Dystrophaeus viaemalae
Cope, 1877
May be a nomen dubium[4][29] Cope 1877   United States
Atlantosaurus montanus
(Marsh, 1877)
Nomen dubium Marsh 1877   United States Originally Titanosaurus montanus[d]
Camarasaurus supremus
Cope, 1877
Valid[31] Cope 1877 Camarasauridae   United States
Caulodon diversidens
Cope, 1877
Subjective junior synonym of Camarasaurus supremus[31] Cope 1877 Camarasauridae   United States
Amphicoelias altus
Cope, 1877
Valid[32] Cope Dec 10, 1877 Diplodocoidea[32] 150.4–149.2 Ma[32]
Late Jurassic:
early Tithonian
  United States
Amphicoelias latus
Cope, 1877
Subjective junior synonym of Camarasaurus supremus[31] or C. grandis[33] Cope Dec 10, 1877 Camarasauridae   United States
Apatosaurus ajax
Marsh, 1877
Valid Marsh Dec 1877 Apatosaurinae   United States
Camarasaurus grandis
(Marsh, 1877)
Valid Marsh Dec 1877 Camarasauridae   United States Originally Apatosaurus grandis
Caulodon leptoganus
Cope, 1878
Subjective junior synonym of Camarasaurus supremus[31] Cope 1878 Camarasauridae   United States
Atlantosaurus immanis
Marsh, 1878
Nomen dubium[29] Marsh 1878 Apatosaurinae   United States
Morosaurus impar
Marsh, 1878
Subjective junior synonym of Camarasaurus grandis.[31] Marsh 1878 Camarasauridae   United States
Diplodocus longus
Marsh, 1878
Disputed; either valid or nomen dubium[e] Marsh 1878 Diplodocinae   United States
Morosaurus robustus
Marsh, 1878
Subjective junior synonym of Camarasaurus grandis[31] Marsh 1878 Camarasauridae   United States
Maraapunisaurus fragillimus
(Cope, 1878) 
Disputed; may be valid[35] or junior subjective synonym of Amphicoelias altus[36] Cope 1878 Rebbachisauridae?[35][32]   United States Originally Amphicoelias fragillimus. Only known specimen lost soon after publication.
Apatosaurus laticollis
Marsh, 1879
Nomen dubium[29] Marsh 1879 Apatosaurinae   United States
Brontosaurus excelsus
Marsh, 1879
Valid Marsh 1879 Apatosaurinae   United States Known as Apatosaurus excelsus from 1903 to 2015[29]
Camarasaurus leptodirus
Cope, 1879
Subjective junior synonym of Camarasaurus supremus[31] Cope 1879 Camarasauridae   United States
Titanosaurus blanfordi
Lydekker, 1879
Nomen dubium[28] Lydekker 1879   India
Brontosaurus amplus
Marsh, 1881
Subjective junior synonym of Brontosaurus excelsus[29] Marsh 1881 Apatosaurinae   United States
Ornithopsis eucamerotus
Hulke, 1882
Nomen dubium[4][8] Hulke 1882   United Kingdom
Diplodocus lacustris
Marsh, 1884
Nomen dubium[29] Marsh 1884 Flagellicaudata[29]   United States
Dinodocus mackesoni
Owen, 1884
Nomen dubium[4] Owen 1884 Macronaria[20]   United Kingdom
Neosodon
Moussaye, 1885
Nomen dubium[4] Moussaye 1885   France No species name given.
Ornithopsis leedsii
Hulke, 1887
Nomen dubium[4] Hulke 1887   United Kingdom
Pleurocoelus nanus
Marsh, 1888
Nomen dubium[37] Marsh 1888   United States
Pleurocoelus altus
Marsh, 1888
Nomen dubium[37] Marsh 1888   United States
Ornithopsis manseli
Lydekker, 1888
Nomen dubium[4] Lydekker 1888   United Kingdom Originally Ischyrosaurus, with no species name given[f]
Pleurocoelus valdensis
Lydekker, 1889
Nomen dubium[4] Lydekker 1889 Titanosauriformes[8]   United Kingdom
Smitanosaurus agilis
(Marsh, 1889)
Valid[39] Marsh 1889 Dicraeosauridae[39] 152 Ma[39]
Late Jurassic
  United States Originally Morosaurus agilis
Camarasaurus lentus
(Marsh, 1889)
Valid Marsh 1889 Camarasauridae   United States Originally Morosaurus lentus
Barosaurus lentus
Marsh, 1890
Valid Marsh 1890 Diplodocinae   United States
Argyrosaurus superbus
Lydekker, 1893
Valid Lydekker 1893 Titanosauria   Argentina
Titanosaurus nanus
Lydekker, 1893
Nomen dubium[28] Lydekker 1893   Argentina
Microcoelus patagonicus
Lydekker, 1893
Nomen dubium[40] Lydekker 1893   Argentina Microsaurus and Microsaurops are erroneous names for Microcoelus.[41]
Neuquensaurus australis
(Lydekker, 1893)
Valid Lydekker 1893 Saltasaurini   Argentina Originally Titanosaurus australis
Bothriospondylus madagascariensis
Lydekker, 1895
Potentially valid[25] Lydekker 1895 Eusauropoda[25] 168.2–165.3 Ma
Middle Jurassic:
Bathonian[25]
  Madagascar
Titanosaurus madagascariensis
Deperet, 1896
Nomen dubium[4] Deperet 1896   Madagascar
Pleurocoelus montanus
Marsh, 1896
Subjective junior synonym of Camarasaurus grandis[31] Marsh 1896 Camarasauridae   United States
Clasmodosaurus spatula
Ameghino, 1898
Nomen dubium[4] Ameghino 1898   Argentina
Barosaurus affinis
Marsh, 1899
Nomen dubium[29] Marsh Mar 1899 Eusauropoda[29]   United States
Diplodocus carnegii
Hatcher, 1901 
Valid[29] Hatcher 1901 Diplodocinae 154.8–145 Ma
Late Jurassic:
Kimmeridgian-Tithonian
  United States
Brontosaurus parvus
(Peterson and Gilmore, 1902)
Valid[29] Peterson and Gilmore May 1, 1902 Apatosaurinae 154.8–145 Ma
Late Jurassic:
Kimmeridgian-Tithonian
  United States Originally Elosaurus parvus
Haplocanthosaurus priscus
(Hatcher, 1903)
Valid Hatcher Feb 21, 1903 Haplocanthosauridae 154.8–145 Ma
Late Jurassic:
Kimmeridgian-Tithonian
  United States Originally Haplocanthus priscus[g]
Haplocanthosaurus utterbacki
Hatcher, 1903
Subjective junior synonym of Haplocanthosaurus priscus[4] Hatcher 1903 Haplocanthosauridae 154.8–145 Ma
Late Jurassic:
Kimmeridgian-Tithonian
  United States
Brachiosaurus altithorax
Riggs, 1903 
Valid[44] Riggs 1903 Brachiosauridae 154.8–145 Ma
Late Jurassic:
Kimmeridgian-Tithonian[44]
  United States[44]
Algoasaurus bauri
Broom, 1904
Nomen dubium[4] Broom 1904 Eusauropoda[45] 139.8–125.77 Ma
Early Cretaceous
ValanginianHauterivian[45]
  South Africa
Tornieria africana
(Fraas, 1908)
Valid[29] Fraas 1908 Diplodocinae   Tanzania Originally Gigantosaurus africanus [h]
Janenschia robusta
(Fraas, 1908))
Valid Fraas 1908 Eusauropoda   Tanzania Originally Gigantosaurus robustus.
Dicraeosaurus hansemanni
Janensch, 1914 
Valid Janensch 1914 Dicraeosauridae   Tanzania
Dicraeosaurus sattleri
Janensch, 1914 
Valid Janensch 1914 Dicraeosauridae   Tanzania
Giraffatitan brancai
(Janensch, 1914)
Valid Janensch 1914 Brachiosauridae   Tanzania Originally Brachiosaurus brancai
Brachiosaurus fraasi
Janensch, 1914
Subjective junior synonym of Giraffatitan brancai Janensch 1914 Brachiosauridae   Tanzania
Magyarosaurus dacus
(Nopcsa, 1915)
Valid Nopcsa 1915   Romania Originally Titanosaurus dacus
Apatosaurus louisae
Holland, 1916
Valid[29] Holland 1916 Apatosaurinae   United States
Apatosaurus minimus
Mook, 1917
Mook 1917   United States
Uintasaurus douglassi
Holland, 1919
Subjective junior synonym of Camarasaurus lentus[31] Holland 1919 Camarasauridae   United States
Amanzia greppini
(Huene, 1922)
Valid Huene 1922    Switzerland Originally Ornithopsis (?) greppini
Alamosaurus sanjuanensis
Gilmore, 1922
Valid Gilmore Jan 31, 1922   United States
Galeamopus hayi
(Holland, 1924)
Valid[29] Holland 1924 Diplodocinae   United States Originally Diplodocus hayi
Asiatosaurus mongoliensis
Osborn, 1924
Nomen dubium[4] Osborn 1924   Mongolia
Rhoetosaurus brownei
Longman, 1926
Valid Longman 1926   Australia
Malawisaurus dixeyi
(Haughton, 1928)
Valid Haughton 1928   Malawi Originally Gigantosaurus dixeyi
Antarctosaurus giganteus
Huene, 1929
Nomen dubium[4] Huene 1929   Argentina
Antarctosaurus wichmannianus
Huene, 1929
Valid Huene 1929   Argentina
Titanosaurus lydekkeri
Huene, 1929
Nomen dubium[4] Huene 1929   United Kingdom
Loricosaurus scutatus
Huene, 1929
Nomen dubium Huene 1929   Argentina
Laplatasaurus araukanicus
Huene, 1929
Valid Huene 1929   Argentina
Neuquensaurus robustus
(Huene, 1929)
Nomen dubium[46] Huene 1929   Argentina Originally Titanosaurus robustus
Campylodoniscus ameghinoi
(Huene, 1929)
Nomen dubium[4] Huene 1929   Argentina
Iuticosaurus valdensis
(Huene, 1929)
Nomen dubium[4] Huene 1929   United Kingdom
Euhelopus zdanskyi
(Wiman, 1929)
Valid Wiman 1929   China
Magyarosaurus transsylvanicus
Huene, 1932
Junior subjective synonym of Magyarosaurus dacus Huene 1932   Romania
Magyarosaurus hungaricus
Huene, 1932
Valid Huene 1932   Romania
Aegyptosaurus baharijensis
Stromer, 1932
Valid Stromer 1932 Titanosauria 100.5–93.9 Ma
Late Cretaceous:
Cenomanian
  Egypt
Mongolosaurus haplodon
Gilmore, 1933
Valid[47] Gilmore Dec 4, 1933 Titanosauria[47] 121.4–100.5 Ma
Early Cretaceous:
AptianAlbian
  China[47]
Jainosaurus septentrionalis
(Huene & Matley, 1933)
Valid[48] Huene and Matley 1933   India
Austrosaurus mckillopi
Longman, 1933
Valid[49] Longman 1933 Somphospondyli?[49] 113–100.5 Ma
Early Cretaceous:
late Albian
  Australia
Tienshanosaurus chitaiensis
Young, 1937
Nomen dubium[4] Young 1937   China
Antarctosaurus jaxarticus
Riabinin, 1938
Nomen dubium[4] Riabinin 1938   Kazakhstan
Omeisaurus junghsiensis
Young, 1939
Valid Young 1939   China
Titanosaurus falloti
Hoffet, 1942
Nomen dubium[4] Hoffet 1942   Laos
Sanpasaurus yaoi
Young, 1944
Valid[50] Young 1944   China
Camarasaurus annae
Ellinger, 1950
Subjective junior synonym of Camarasaurus lentus.[31] Ellinger 1950 Camarasauridae   United States
Chiayusaurus lacustris
Bohlin, 1953
Nomen dubium[4] Bohlin 1953   China
Mamenchisaurus constructus
Young, 1954
Valid Young 1954   China
Rebbachisaurus garasbae
Lavocat, 1954 
Valid Lavocat 1954   Morocco
Cetiosaurus mogrebensis
Lapparent, 1955
Nomen dubium[4] Lapparent 1955   Morocco
Lusotitan atalaiensis
(Lapparent & Zbyszewski, 1957)
Valid Lapparent and Zbyszewski 1957   Portugal Originally Brachiosaurus atalaiensis
Lourinhasaurus alenquerensis
(Lapparent & Zbyszewski, 1957)
Valid Lapparent and Zbyszewski 1957   Portugal Originally Apatosaurus alenquerensis
Mamenchisaurus changshouensis
(Young, 1958)
Nomen dubium[4] Young 1958   China Originally Omeisaurus changshouensis[i]
Brachiosaurus nougaredi
Lapparent, 1960
Nomen dubium Lapparent 1960   Algeria
Rebbachisaurus tamesnensis
Lapparent, 1960
Nomen dubium Lapparent 1960   Niger
Nemegtosaurus mongoliensis
Nowinski, 1971
Valid Nowinski 1971   Mongolia
Antarctosaurus brasiliensis
Arid & Vizotto, 1971
Nomen dubium[4] Arid and Vizotto 1971   Brazil
Mamenchisaurus hochuanensis
Young & Zhao, 1972
Valid Young and Zhao 1972   China
Vulcanodon karibaensis
Raath, 1972 
Valid Raath Jul 31, 1972 Vulcanodontidae 199.5–184.2 Ma
Early Jurassic:
SinemurianPliensbachian[54]
  Zimbabwe
Asiatosaurus kwangshiensis
Hou et al., 1975
Nomen dubium[4] Hou, Yeh, and Zhao 1975   China
Barapasaurus tagorei
Jain et al., 1975
Valid Jain, Kutty, Roy-Chowdhury, and Chatterjee 1975   India
Chubutisaurus insignis
Del Corro, 1975
Valid Del Corro 1975   Argentina
Zigongosaurus fuxiensis
Hou et al., 1976
Hou, Zhao, and Chao 1976   China
Opisthocoelicaudia skarzynskii
Borsuk-Białynicka, 1977
Valid; possibly a junior subjective synonym of Nemegtosaurus mongoliensis.[55] Borsuk-Białynicka 1977   Mongolia
Nemegtosaurus pachi
Dong, 1977
Nomen dubium[4] Dong 1977   China
Ohmdenosaurus liasicus
Wild, 1978
Valid Wild Dec 1, 1978   Germany
Patagosaurus fariasi
Bonaparte, 1979
Valid Bonaparte 1979   Argentina
Cetiosauriscus stewarti
Charig, 1980
Valid Charig 1980   United Kingdom
Saltasaurus loricatus
Bonaparte & Powell, 1980
Valid Bonaparte and Powell 1980   Argentina
Quaesitosaurus orientalis
Kurzanov and Bannikov, 1983
Valid Kurzanov and Bannikov 1983   Mongolia
Ultrasaurus tabriensis
Kim, 1983
Nomen dubium[4] Kim 1983   South Korea
Zizhongosaurus chuanchengensis
Dong et al., 1983
Nomen dubium[4] Dong, Zhou, and Zhang 1983   China
Shunosaurus lii
Dong et al., 1983
Valid Dong, Zhou, and Zhang 1983   China
Omeisaurus fuxiensis
Dong et al., 1983
Nomen dubium[4] Dong, Zhou, and Zhang 1983 Mamenchisauridae   China
Datousaurus bashanensis
Dong & Tang, 1984
Valid Dong and Tang 1984   China
Omeisaurus tianfuensis
He et al., 1984
Valid He, Li, Cai, and Gao 1984   China
Supersaurus vivianae
Jensen, 1985
Valid[29] Jensen 1985 Diplodocinae   United States
Ultrasauros mcintoshi
(Jensen, 1985)
Subjective junior synonym of Supersaurus vivianae Jensen 1985 Diplodocinae   United States Originally Ultrasaurus mcintoshi[j]
Dystylosaurus edwini
Jensen, 1985
Subjective junior synonym of Supersaurus vivianae Jensen 1985 Diplodocinae   United States
Lapparentosaurus madagascariensis
Bonaparte, 1986
Bonaparte 1986   Madagascar
Bruhathkayosaurus matleyi
Yadagiri & Ayyasami, 1987
Nomen dubium[4] Yadagiri and Ayyasami 1987   India Only known specimens never collected and lost
Titanosaurus rahioliensis
Mathur & Srivastava, 1987
Nomen dubium[4] Mathur and Srivastava 1987   India
Aeolosaurus rionegrinus
Powell, 1987
Valid Powell 1987   Argentina
Aragosaurus ischiaticus
Sanz et al., 1987
Valid Sanz, Buscalioni, Casanovas, and Santafé 1987   Spain
Camarasaurus lewisi
(Jensen, 1988)
Valid; possibly a junior subjective synonym of Camarasaurus grandis[31] Jensen Apr 30, 1988 Camarasauridae   United States Originally Cathetosaurus lewisi
Haplocanthosaurus delfsi
McIntosh & Williams, 1988
Valid McIntosh and Williams Jul 1988 Haplocanthosauridae   United States
Kotasaurus yamanpalliensis
Yadagiri, 1988
Yadagiri 1988   India
Protognathosaurus oxyodon
(Zhang, 1988)
Nomen dubium[4] Zhang 1988   China Originally Protognathus oxyodon[k]
Omeisaurus luoquanensis
Li in He et al., 1988
Nomen dubium[4] Li 1988   China
Abrosaurus dongpoensis
Ouyang, 1989
Ouyang 1989   China
Epachthosaurus sciuttoi
Powell, 1990
Valid Powell 1990   Argentina
Bellusaurus sui
Dong, 1990
Valid Dong 1990   China
Amargasaurus cazaui
Salgado & Bonaparte, 1991
Valid Salgado and Bonaparte 1991 Dicraeosauridae   Argentina
Diplodocus hallorum
(Gillette, 1991)
Valid[29] Gillette 1991 Diplodocinae   United States Originally Seismosaurus halli.
Andesaurus delgadoi
Calvo & Bonaparte, 1991
Valid Calvo and Bonaparte 1991   Argentina
Dyslocosaurus polyonychius
McIntosh et al., 1992
Valid[29] McIntosh, Coombs, and Russell 1992   United States
Argentinosaurus huinculensis
Bonaparte & Coria, 1993 
Valid Bonaparte and Coria 1993   Argentina
Klamelisaurus gobiensis
Zhao, 1993
Valid Zhao 1993   China
Mamenchisaurus sinocanadorum
Russell & Zheng, 1994
Valid Russell and Zheng 1994[l]   China
Phuwiangosaurus sirindhornae
Martin et al., 1994
Valid Martin, Buffetaut, and Suteethorn 1994   Thailand
Brontosaurus yahnahpin
Filla & Redman, 1994
Valid[29] Filla and Redman 1994   United States Originally Apatosaurus yahnahpin
Eucamerotus foxi
Blows, 1995
Valid[8] Blows 1995 129.4–125.0 Ma
(Early Cretaceous: Barremian)[8]
  United Kingdom Originally named Eucamerotus, with no species given, by John W. Hulke in 1871.
Ampelosaurus atacis
Le Loeuff, 1995
Valid Le Loeuff 1995   France
Limaysaurus tessonei
(Calvo & Salgado, 1995)
Valid Calvo and Salgado 1995   Argentina Originally Rebbachisaurus tessonei.
Mamenchisaurus youngi
Pi et al., 1996
Valid Pi, Ouyang, and Ye 1996   China
Pellegrinisaurus powelli
Salgado, 1996
Valid[57] Salgado 1996 83.6–66 Ma
Late Cretaceous:
CampanianMaastrichtian
  Argentina
Qinlingosaurus luonanensis
Xue et al. in Xue et al., 1996
Nomen dubium[4] Xue, Zhang, and Bi 1996 Neosauropoda?[58] 72.1–66 Ma
Late Cretaceous:
Maastrichtian?[58]
  China
Rayososaurus agrioensis
Bonaparte, 1996
Valid Bonaparte 1996   Argentina
Mamenchisaurus anyuensis
He et al., 1996
Valid He, Yang, Cai, Li, and Liu 1996   China
Isisaurus colberti
(Jain & Bandyopadhyay, 1997)
Valid Jain and Bandyopadhyay 1997   India Originally Titanosaurus colberti
Chiayusaurus asianensis
Lee et al., 1997
Nomen dubium[4] Lee, Yang, and Park 1997 Titanosauriformes[59] 132.6–125.77 Ma
Early Cretaceous:
Hauterivian[59]
  South Korea
Hudiesaurus sinojapanorum
Dong, 1997
Valid[60] Dong 1997 154.8–145 Ma
Late Jurassic:
KimmeridgianTithonian
  China
Sonorasaurus thompsoni
Ratkevich, 1998
Valid[61] Ratkevich 1998   United States
Histriasaurus boscarollii
Dalla Vecchia, 1998
Valid[62] Dalla Vecchia 1998   Croatia
Mamenchisaurus jingyanensis
Zhang et al., 1998
Zhang, Li, and Zeng 1998   China
Agustinia ligabuei
Bonaparte, 1999
Valid[63] Bonaparte 1999 Rebbachisauridae[63]   Argentina
Tehuelchesaurus benitezii
Rich et al., 1999
Valid Rich, Vickers-Rich, Gimenez, Cúneo, Puerta, and Vacca 1999   Argentina
Gondwanatitan faustoi
Kellner & de Azevedo, 1999
Valid Kellner and de Azevedo 1999   Brazil
Jobaria tiguidensis
Sereno et al., 1999
Valid Sereno, Beck, Dutheil, Larsson, Lyon, Moussa, Sadleir, Sidor, Varricchio, Wilson, and Wilson Nov 12, 1999   Niger
Nigersaurus taqueti
Sereno et al., 1999
Valid Sereno, Beck, Dutheil, Larsson, Lyon, Moussa, Sadleir, Sidor, Varricchio, Wilson, and Wilson Nov 12, 1999   Niger
Cedarosaurus weiskopfae
Tidwell et al., 1999
Valid Tidwell, Carpenter, and Brooks 1999   United States
Lirainosaurus astibiae
Sanz et al., 1999
Valid Sanz, Powell, Le Loeuff, Martinez, and Pereda Suberbiola 1999   Spain
Dinheirosaurus lourinhanensis
Bonaparte & Mateus, 1999
Valid[29] Bonaparte and Mateus 1999 Diplodocinae   Portugal
Atlasaurus imelakei
Monbaron et al., 1999
Valid Monbaron, Russell, and Taquet 1999   Morocco
Tangvayosaurus hoffeti
Allain et al., 1999
Valid Allain, Taquet, Battail, Dejax, Richir, Véran, Limon-Duparcemeur, Vacant, Mateus, Sayarath, Khentavong, and Phouyavong 1999   Laos
Sauroposeidon proteles
Wedel et al., 2000 
Valid Wedel, Cifelli, and Sanders Mar 2000 Somphospondyli 121.4–100.5 Ma
Early Cretaceous:
AptianAlbian
  United States
Tendaguria tanzaniensis
Bonaparte et al., 2000
Valid Bonaparte, Heinrich, and Wild Mar 2000   Tanzania
Huabeisaurus allocotus
Pang and Cheng, 2000
Valid Pang and Cheng Jun 2000   China
Rocasaurus muniozi
Salgado and Azpilicueta, 2000
Valid Salgado and Azpilicueta Sep 30, 2000   Argentina
Chuanjiesaurus anaensis
Fang et al., 2000
Valid Fang, Long, Lü, Zhang, Pan, Wang, Li, and Cheng 2000 Mamenchisauridae   China
Paralititan stromeri
Smith et al., 2001 
Valid Smith, Lamanna, Lacovara, Dodson, Smith, Poole, Giegengack, and Attia Jun 1, 2001   Egypt
Rapetosaurus krausei
Curry Rogers & Forster, 2001
Valid Curry Rogers and Forster Aug 2, 2001   Madagascar
Jiangshanosaurus lixianensis
Tang et al., 2001
Valid Tang, Kang, Jin, Wei, and Wu Oct 2001 Somphospondyli   China
Omeisaurus maoianus
Tang et al., 2001
Valid Tang, Jin, Kang, and Zhang Oct 2001 Mamenchisauridae   China
Losillasaurus giganteus
Casanovas et al., 2001
Valid[64] Casanovas, Santafé, and Sanz 2001 Turiasauria   Spain
Pukyongosaurus milleniumi
Dong et al., 2001
Nomen dubium[65] Dong, Paik, and Kim 2001 Titanosauriformes[65] 121.4–113 Ma
Early Cretaceous:
Aptian
  South Korea
Venenosaurus dicrocei
Tidwell et al., 2001
Valid Tidwell, Carpenter, and Meyer 2001   United States
Amazonsaurus maranhensis
Carvalho et al., 2003
Valid Carvalho, Avilla, and Salgado Dec 2003   Brazil
Gobititan shenzhouensis
You et al., 2003
Valid You, Tang, and Luo 2003   China
Ferganasaurus verzilini
Alfanov & Averianov, 2003
Valid Alifanov and Averianov 2003   Kyrgyzstan
Mendozasaurus neguyelap
González Riga, 2003
Valid González Riga 2003   Argentina
Rinconsaurus caudamirus
Calvo & González Riga, 2003
Valid Calvo and González Riga 2003   Argentina
Borealosaurus wimani
You et al., 2004
Valid You, Ji, Lamanna, Li, and Li 2004   China
Bonatitan reigi
Martinelli & Forasiepi, 2004
Valid Martinelli and Forasiepi 2004   Argentina
Suuwassea emilieae
Harris & Dodson, 2004 
Valid Harris and Dodson 2004 Dicraeosauridae   United States
Tazoudasaurus naimi
Allain et al., 2004
Valid Allain, Aquesbi, Dejax, Meyer, Monbaron, Montenat, Richir, Rochdy, Russell, and Taquet 2004 Vulcanodontidae   Morocco
Mamenchisaurus yunnanensis
Fang et al., 2004
Nomen dubium Fang, Zhao, Lu, and Cheng Oct 2004 Mamenchisauridae   China
Bashunosaurus kaijiangensis
Kuang, 2004
Valid Kuang Nov 2004 Eusauropoda   China
Shunosaurus jiangyiensis
Fu & Zhang, 2004
Valid Fu and Zhang 2004 174.7–161.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
  China Probably does not belong to Shunosaurus[66]
Bonitasaura salgadoi
Apesteguía, 2004
Valid Apesteguía 2004   Argentina
Brachytrachelopan mesai
Rauhut et al., 2005
Valid Rauhut, Remes, Fechner, Cladera, and Puerta Jun 2, 2005 Dicraeosauridae 152.1–145.0 Ma
(Late Jurassic: Tithonian)
  Argentina
Daanosaurus zhangi
Ye et al., 2005
Valid Ye, Gao, and Jiang Jul 2005   China
Galveosaurus herreroi
Sánchez-Hernández, 2005
Valid, but disputed whether Galveosaurus herreroi or Galvesaurus herreroi has priority as the correct name Sánchez-Hernández Aug 11, 2005 149.2–139.8 Ma
Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous:
TithonianBerriasian
  Spain Galveosaurus herreroi and Galvesaurus herreroi are based on the same skeleton but named by different authors, who have disputed which name is legitimate.
Galvesaurus herreroi
Barco et al., 2005
Barco, Canudo, Cuenca-Bescós, and Ruiz-Omeñaca 2005[m]
Archaeodontosaurus descouensi
Buffetaut, 2005
Valid Buffetaut 2005   Madagascar
Chebsaurus algeriensis
Mahammed et al., 2005
Valid Mahammed, Läng, Mami, Mekhali, Benhamou, Bouterfa, Kacemi, Chérief, Chaouati, and Taquet 2005   Algeria
Puertasaurus reuili
Novas et al., 2005
Valid Novas, Salgado, Calvo, and Agnolin 2005   Argentina
Dashanpusaurus dongi
Peng et al., 2005
Valid Peng, Ye, Gao, Shu, and Jiang 2005 Eusauropoda[68]   China
Karongasaurus gittelmani
Gomani, 2005
Valid Gomani 2005   Malawi
Cathartesaura anaerobica
Gallina & Apesteguía, 2005
Valid Gallina and Apesteguía 2005   Argentina
Baurutitan britoi
Kellner et al., 2005
Valid Kellner, Campos, and Trotta 2005   Brazil
Trigonosaurus pricei
Campos et al., 2005
Disputed; has been argued to be a junior subjective synonym of Baurutitan britoi[69] but this is not accepted by all researchers[70] Campos, Kellner, Bertini, and Santucci 2005 Titanosauria 72.1–66 Ma
Late Cretaceous:
Maastrichtian
  Brazil
Sonidosaurus saihangaobiensis
Xu et al., 2006
Valid Xu, Zhang, Tan, Zhao, and Tan Feb 2006   China
Yuanmousaurus jiangyiensis
Lü et al., 2006
Valid Lü, Li, Ji, Wang, Zhang, and Dong Feb 2006   China
Erketu ellisoni
Ksepka & Norell, 2006 
Valid Ksepka and Norell Mar 16, 2006   Mongolia
Jiutaisaurus xidiensis
Wu et al., 2006
Nomen dubium[71] Wu, Dong, Sun, Li, and Li Mar 2006 Titanosauriformes[20] 121.4–93.9 Ma
Cretaceous:
AptianCenomanian[20]
  China
Europasaurus holgeri
Mateus et al. in Sander et al., 2006
Valid[72] Mateus, Laven, and Knötschke Jun 8, 2006 154.8–149.2 Ma
Late Jurassic:
Kimmeridgian
  Germany
Maxakalisaurus topai
Kellner et al., 2006
Valid Kellner, Campos, de Azevedo, Trotta, Henriques, Craik, and de Paula Silva Aug 11, 2006   Brazil
Fusuisaurus zhaoi
Mo et al., 2006
Valid Mo, Wang, Huang, Huang, and Xu Aug 2006   China
Huanghetitan liujiaxiaensis
You et al., 2006
Valid You, Li, Zhou, and Ji Sep 2006   China
Turiasaurus riodevensis
Royo-Torres et al., 2006
Valid Royo-Torres, Cobos, and Alcalá Dec 22, 2006 149.2–139.8 Ma
Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous:
TithonianBerriasian
  Spain
Adamantisaurus mezzalirai
Santucci & Bertini, 2006
Valid Santucci and Bertini 2006   Brazil
Ligabuesaurus leanzai
Bonaparte et al., 2006
Valid Bonaparte, González Riga, and Apesteguía 2006   Argentina
Zapalasaurus bonapartei
Salgado et al., 2006
Valid Salgado, Carvalho, and Garrido 2006   Argentina
Aeolosaurus colhuehuapensis
Casal et al., 2007
Valid Casal, Martínez, Luna, Sciutto, and Lamanna 2007 Aeolosaurini   Argentina
Muyelensaurus pecheni
Calvo et al., 2007
Valid Calvo, González-Riga, and Porfiri 2007 Rinconsauria   Argentina
Australodocus bohetii
Remes, 2007 
Valid Remes 2007 Somphospondyli   Tanzania
Amargatitanis macni
Apesteguía, 2007 
Valid[73] Apesteguía 2007 Dicraeosauridae[73]   Argentina
Xenoposeidon proneneukos
Taylor & Naish, 2007
Valid[74] Taylor and Naish 2007 Rebbachisauridae[74]   United Kingdom
Nopcsaspondylus alarconensis
Apesteguía, 2007 
Valid Apesteguía 2007 Rebbachisauridae   Argentina
Dongbeititan dongi
Wang et al., 2007
Valid Wang, You, Meng, Gao, Cheng, and Liu 2007   China
Huanghetitan ruyangensis
Lü et al., 2007
Valid Lü, Xu, Zhang, Hu, Wu, Jia, and Ji 2007   China
Paluxysaurus jonesi
Rose, 2007
Junior subjective synonym of Sauroposeidon proteles[37] Rose 2007 Titanosauriformes   United States
Futalognkosaurus dukei
Calvo et al., 2007
Valid Calvo, Porfiri, González-Riga, and Kellner 2007   Argentina
Eomamenchisaurus yuanmouensis
Lü et al., 2008
Valid , Li, Zhong, Ji, and Li Feb 2008 174.7–161.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
  China
Daxiatitan binglingi
You et al., 2008
Valid You, Li, Zhou, and Ji Apr 2008   China
Dongyangosaurus sinensis
Lü et al., 2008
Valid Lü, Azuma, Chen, Zheng, and Jin Apr 2008   China
Qingxiusaurus youjiangensis
Mo et al., 2008
Valid Mo, Huang, Zhao, Wang, and Xu Apr 2008   China
Pitekunsaurus macayai
Filippi & Garrido, 2008
Valid Filippi and Garrido Sep 30, 2008   Argentina
Tastavinsaurus sanzi
Canudo et al., 2008
Valid Canudo, Royo-Torres, and Cuenca-Bescós Sep 2008 125.0–113.0 Ma
(Early Cretaceous: early Aptian)

  Spain

Malarguesaurus florenciae
González Riga et al., 2008
Valid González Riga, Previtera, and Pirrone 2008[n] 93.9–86.3 Ma
(Late Cretaceous: TuronianConiacian)
  Argentina
Uberabatitan ribeiroi
Salgado & Carvalho, 2008
Valid Salgado and Carvalho 2008   Brazil
Ruyangosaurus giganteus
Lü et al., 2009
Valid Lü, Xu, Jia, Zhang, Zhang, Yang, You, and Ji Jan 2009   China
Baotianmansaurus henanensis
Zhang et al., 2009
Valid Zhang, Lü, Xu, Li, Yang, Hu, Jia, Ji, and Zhang Apr 2009   China
Diamantinasaurus matildae
Hocknull et al., 2009
Valid Hocknull, White, Tischler, Cook, Calleja, Sloan, and Elliott Jul 3, 2009   Australia
Wintonotitan wattsi
Hocknull et al., 2009
Valid Hocknull, White, Tischler, Cook, Calleja, Sloan, and Elliott Jul 3, 2009   Australia
Barrosasaurus casamiquelai
Salgado & Coria, 2009
Valid Salgado and Coria Sep 7, 2009   Argentina
Spinophorosaurus nigerensis
Remes et al., 2009
Valid Remes, Ortega, Fierro, Joger, Kosma, Ferrer, Idé, and Maga Sep 16, 2009   Niger
Qiaowanlong kangxii
You & Li, 2009
Valid You and Li Nov 22, 2009   China
Xianshanosaurus shijiagouensis
Lü et al., 2009
Valid Lü, Xu, Jiang, Jia, Li, Yuan, Zhang, and Ji 2009   China
Abydosaurus mcintoshi
Chure et al., 2010
Valid Chure, Britt, Whitlock, and Wilson 2010 Brachiosauridae   United States
Tonganosaurus hei
Li et al., 2010
Valid Li, Yang, Liu, and Wang 2010 Mamenchisauridae   China
Fukuititan nipponensis
Azuma & Shibata, 2010
Valid Azuma and Shibata 2010   Japan
Panamericansaurus schroederi
Porfiri & Calvo, 2010
Valid Porfiri and Calvo 2010   Argentina
Arkharavia heterocoelica
Alifanov & Bolotsky, 2010
Nomen dubium[20] Alifanov and Bolotsky 2010 Somphospondyli[20]   Russia
Atsinganosaurus velauciensis
Garcia et al., 2010
Valid Garcia, Amico, Fournier, Thouand, and Valentin 2010   France
Liubangosaurus hei
Mo et al., 2010
Valid Mo, Xu, and Buffetaut 2010   China
Paludititan nalatzensis
Csiki et al., 2010
Valid Csiki, Codrea, Jipa-Murzea, and Godefroit 2010   Romania
Demandasaurus darwini
Fernández-Baldor et al., 2011 
Valid Fernández-Baldor, Canudo, Huerta, Montero, Pereda Suberbiola, and Salgado 2011   Spain
Omeisaurus jiaoi
Jiang et al., 2011
Valid Jiang, Li, Peng, and Ye 2011   China
Brontomerus mcintoshi
Taylor et al., 2011
Nomen dubium[76] Taylor, Wedel, and Cifelli 2011 Somphospondyli[20]   United States
Angolatitan adamastor
Mateus et al., 2011
Valid Mateus, Jacobs, Schulp, Polcyn, Tavares, Buta Neto, Morais, and Antunes 2011   Angola
Narambuenatitan palomoi
Filippi et al., 2011
Valid Filippi, García, and Garrido 2011   Argentina
Drusilasaura deseadensis
Navarrete et al., 2011
Valid Navarrete, Casal, and Martínez 2011   Argentina
Petrobrasaurus puestohernandezi
Filippi et al., 2011
Valid Filippi, Canudo, Salgado, Garrido, García, Cerda, and Otero 2011   Argentina
Arrudatitan maximus
(Santucci & de Arruda-Campos, 2011)
Valid Santucci and de Arruda-Campos Oct 31, 2011   Brazil Originally Aeolosaurus maximus
Traukutitan eocaudata
Juárez Valieri & Calvo, 2011
Valid Juárez Valieri and Calvo 2011   Argentina
Tapuiasaurus macedoi
Zaher et al., 2011
Valid Zaher, Pol, Carvalho, Nascimento, Riccomini, Larson, Juarez-Valieri, Pires-Domingues, da Silva, and de Almeida Campos 2011   Brazil
Atacamatitan chilensis
Kellner et al., 2011
Valid Kellner, Rubilar-Rogers, Vargas, and Suárez 2011   Chile
Rugocaudia cooneyi
Woodruff, 2012
Nomen dubium[76] Woodruff 2012 Titanosauriformes[20]   United States
Elaltitan lilloi
Mannion & Otero, 2012
Valid Mannion and Otero 2012   Argentina
Comahuesaurus windhauseni
Carballido et al., 2012
Valid Carballido, Salgado, Pol, Canudo, and Garrido 2012   Argentina
Astrophocaudia slaughteri
D'Emic, 2012
Valid D'Emic Nov 30, 2012 113–100.5 Ma
Early Cretaceous:
early Albian
  United States
Kaatedocus siberi
Tschopp & Mateus, 2012
Valid Tschopp and Mateus Dec 14, 2012 Flagellicaudata[o] 154.8–145 Ma
Late Jurassic:
Late Kimmeridgian–early Tithonian
  United States
Katepensaurus goicoecheai
Ibiricu et al., 2013 
Valid Ibiricu, Casal, Martínez, Lamanna, Luna, and Salgado 2013   Argentina
Tataouinea hannibalis
Fanti et al., 2013
Valid Fanti, Cau, Hassine, and Contessi 2013   Tunisia
Gannansaurus sinensis
Lü et al., 2013 
Valid Lü, Yi, Zhong, and Wei Jun 2013 Somphospondyli 72.1–66 Ma
Late Cretaceous:
Maastrichtian[58]
  China
Yunmenglong ruyangensis
Lü et al., 2013
Valid Lü, Xu, Pu, Zhang, Zhang, Jia, Chang, Zhang, and Wei 2013   China
Xinjiangtitan shanshanesis
Wu et al., 2013
Valid Wu, Zhou, Wings, Sekiya, and Dong 2013   China
Overosaurus paradasorum
Coria et al., 2013
Valid Coria, Filippi, Chiappe, García, and Arcucci 2013   Argentina
Normanniasaurus genceyi
Le Loeuff et al., 2013
Valid Le Loeuff, Suteethorn, and Buffetaut 2013   France
Brasilotitan nemophagus
Machado et al., 2013
Valid Machado, Avilla, Nava, Campos, and Kellner 2013   Brazil
Yongjinglong datangi
Li et al., 2014
Valid Li, Li, You, and Dodson Jan 29, 2014   China
Quetecsaurus rusconii
González Riga & Ortiz David, 2014
Valid González Riga and Ortiz David Feb 14, 2014   Argentina
Leinkupal laticauda
Gallina et al., 2014
Valid Gallina, Apesteguía, Haluza, and Canale May 14, 2014 Diplodocinae   Argentina
Tambatitanis amictiae
Saegusa & Ikeda, 2014
Valid Saegusa and Ikeda Aug 12, 2014   Japan
Dreadnoughtus schrani
Lacovara et al., 2014
Valid Lacovara, Lamanna, Ibiricu, Poole, Schroeter, Ullmann, Voegele, Boles, Carter, Fowler, Egerton, Moyer, Cougenour, Schein, Harris, Martínez, and Novas Sep 4, 2014   Argentina
Huangshanlong anhuiensis
Huang et al., 2014
Valid Huang, You, Yang, and Ren Oct 2014   China
Zby atlanticus
Mateus et al., 2014
Valid Mateus, Mannion, and Upchurch 2014   Portugal
Vahiny depereti
Curry Rogers & Wilson, 2014
Valid Curry Rogers and Wilson 2014   Madagascar
Rukwatitan bisepultus
Gorscak et al., 2014
Valid Gorscak, O'Connor, Stevens, and Roberts 2014   Tanzania
Qijianglong guokr
Xing et al., 2015
Valid Xing, Miyashita, Zhang, Li, Ye, Sekiya, Wang, and Currie 2015   China
Padillasaurus leivaensis
Carballido et al., 2015
Valid Carballido, Pol, Parra Ruge, Padilla Bernal, Páramo-Fonseca, and Etayo-Serna 2015   Colombia
Nebulasaurus taito
Xing et al., 2015
Valid Xing, Miyashita, Currie, You, Zhang, and Dong 2015   China
Notocolossus gonzalezparejasi
González Riga et al., 2016
Valid González Riga, Lamanna, Ortiz David, Calvo, and Coria Jan 18, 2016   Argentina
Sarmientosaurus musacchioi
Martínez et al., 2016
Valid Martínez, Lamanna, Novas, Ridgely, Casal, Martínez, Vita, and Witmer Apr 26, 2016   Argentina
Austroposeidon magnificus
Bandeira et al., 2016
Valid Bandeira, Medeiros Simbras, Batista Machado, de Almeida Campos, Oliveira, and Kellner Oct 5, 2016   Brazil
Savannasaurus elliottorum
Poropat et al., 2016
Valid Poropat, Mannion, Upchurch, Hocknull, Kear, Kundrát, Tischler, Sloan, Sinapius, Elliott, and Elliott Oct 20, 2016   Australia
Lohuecotitan pandafilandi
Díez Díaz et al., 2016
Valid Díez Díaz, Mocho, Páramo, Escaso, Marcos-Fernández, Sanz, and Ortega Dec 31, 2016   Spain
Moabosaurus utahensis
Britt et al., 2017
Valid Britt, Scheetz, Whiting, and Wilhite Apr 10, 2017   United States
Galeamopus pabsti
Tschopp & Mateus, 2017
Valid Tschopp and Mateus May 2, 2017 Diplodocinae   United States
Vouivria damparisensis
Mannion et al., 2017
Valid Mannion, Allain, and Moine May 2, 2017   France
Europatitan eastwoodi
Torcida Fernández-Baldor et al. 2017
Valid Torcida Fernández-Baldor, Canudo, Huerta, Moreno-Azanza, and Montero Jun 27, 2017   Spain
Patagotitan mayorum
Carballido et al., 2017
Valid Carballido, Pol, Otero, Cerda, Salgado, Garrido, Ramezani, Cúneo, and Krause Aug 16, 2017   Argentina
Shingopana songwensis
Gorscak et al., 2017
Valid Gorscak, O'Connor, Roberts, and Stevens Aug 24, 2017   Tanzania
Zhuchengtitan zangjiazhuangensis
Mo et al., 2017
Valid Mo, Wang, Chen, Wang, and Xu Sep 2017   China
Mierasaurus bobyoungi
Royo-Torres et al., 2017
Valid Royo-Torres, Upchurch, Kirkland, DeBlieux, Foster, Cobos, and Alcalá Oct 30, 2017   United States
Soriatitan golmayensis
Royo-Torres et al., 2017
Valid Royo-Torres, Fuentes, Meijide, Meijide-Fuentes, and Meijide-Fuentes 2017   Spain
Triunfosaurus leonardii
Carvalho et al., 2017
Valid Carvalho, Salgado, Lindoso, de Araújo-Júnior, Costa Nogueira, and Soares 2017   Argentina
Tengrisaurus starkovi
Averianov & Skutschas, 2017
Valid Averianov and Skutschas 2017   Russia
Mansourasaurus shahinae
Sallam et al., 2018
Valid Sallam, Gorscak, O'Connor, El-Dawoudi, El-Sayed, Saber, Kora, Sertich, Seiffert, and Lamanna Jan 29, 2018   Egypt
Choconsaurus baileywillisi
Simón et al., 2018
Valid Simón, Salgado, and Otero Feb 21, 2018   Argentina
Liaoningotitan sinensis
Zhou et al., 2018
Valid Zhou, Wu, Sekiya, and Dong Jun 2018   China
Lingwulong shenqi
Xu et al., 2018
Valid Xu, Upchurch, Mannion, Barrett, Regalado-Fernandez, Mo, Ma, and Liu Jul 24, 2018   China
Volgatitan simbirskiensis
Averianov & Efimov, 2018
Valid Averianov and Efimov Nov 30, 2018   Russia
Baalsaurus mansillai
Calvo & González Riga, 2018
Valid Calvo and González Riga Dec 17, 2018   Argentina
Sibirotitan astrosacralis
Averianov et al., 2018
Valid Averianov, Ivantsov, Skutschas, Faingertz, and Leschinskiy 2018   Russia
Lavocatisaurus agrioensis
Canudo et al., 2018
Valid Canudo, Carballido, Salgado, and Garrido 2018   Argentina
Wamweracaudia keranjei
Mannion et al., 2019
Valid Mannion, Upchurch, Schwarz, and Wings Jan 25, 2019 Mamenchisauridae[18]   Tanzania
Pilmatueia faundezi
Coria et al., 2019
Valid Coria, Windholz, Ortega, and Currie Jan 2019 Dicraeosauridae   Argentina
Bajadasaurus pronuspinax
Gallina et al., 2019
Valid Gallina, Apesteguía, Canale, and Haluza Feb 4, 2019 Dicraeosauridae   Argentina
Mnyamawamtuka moyowamkia
Gorscak & O'Connor, 2019
Valid Gorscak and O'Connor Feb 13, 2019   Tanzania
Oceanotitan dantasi
Mocho et al., 2019
Valid Mocho, Royo-Torres, and Ortega May 15, 2019   Portugal
Kaijutitan maui
Filippi et al., 2019
Valid Filippi, Salgado, and Garrido Aug 2019   Argentina
Fushanosaurus qitaiensis
Wang et al., 2019
Valid Wang, Wu, Li, Ji, Li, and Guo Sep 2019   China
Itapeuasaurus cajapioensis
Lindoso et al., 2019 
Valid Lindoso, Medeiros, Carvalho, Pereira, Mendes, Iori, Sousa, Arcanjo, and Silva Dec 2019   Brazil
Nullotitan glaciaris
Novas et al., 2019 
Valid Novas, Agnolin, Rozadilla, Aranciaga-Rolando, Brisson-Egli, Motta, Cerroni, Ezcurra, Martinelli, D'Angelo, Alvarez-Herrera, Gentil, Bogan, Chimento, García-Marsà, Lo Coco, Miquel, Brito, Vera, Perez Loinaze, Fernández, and Salgado 2019 83.6–66 Ma
Late Cretaceous:
late Campanian–early Maastrichtian
  Argentina
Anhuilong diboensis
Ren et al., 2020
Valid Ren, Huang, and You 2020 174.7–161.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
  China
Yamanasaurus lojaensis
Apesteguía et al., 2020
Valid Apesteguía, Soto Luzuriaga, Gallina, Tamay Granda, and Guamán Jaramillo 2020 66.9 Ma
Late Cretaceous:
late Maastrichtian
  Ecuador
Abdarainurus barsboldi
Averianov & Lopatin, 2020
Valid Averianov and Lopatin 2020 100.5–66 Ma
Late Cretaceous
  Mongolia
Omeisaurus puxiani
Tan et al., 2020
Valid Tan, Xiao, Dai, Hu, Li, Ma, Wei, Yu, Xiong, Peng, Jiang, Ren, and You 2020 174.7–161.5 Ma
Middle Jurassic
  China
Analong chuanjieensis
Ren et al., 2020
Valid Ren, Sekiya, Wang, Yang, and You 2020 Mamenchisauridae[78] 170.9–168.2 Ma
Middle Jurassic:
Bajocian
  China
Narindasaurus thevenini
Royo-Torres et al., 2020
Valid Royo-Torres, Cobos, Mocho, and Alcalá Sep 3, 2020 168.2–165.3 Ma
Middle Jurassic:
Bathonian
  Madagascar
Bravasaurus arrierosorum
Hechenleitner et al., 2020
Valid Hechenleitner, Leuzinger, Martinelli, Rocher, Fiorelli, Taborda, and Salgado 2020 83.6–66 Ma
Late Cretaceous:
CampanianMaastrichtian
  Argentina
Punatitan coughlini
Hechenleitner et al., 2020
Valid Hechenleitner, Leuzinger, Martinelli, Rocher, Fiorelli, Taborda, and Salgado 2020 Aeolosaurini 83.6–66 Ma
Late Cretaceous:
CampanianMaastrichtian
  Argentina
Bagualia alba
Pol et al., 2020
Valid Pol, Ramezani, Gomez, Carballido, Paulina Carabajal, Rauhut, Escapa, and Cúneo Nov 25, 2020 Eusauropoda 179.17±0.12 Ma
Early Jurassic:
Toarcian
  Argentina
Garrigatitan meridionalis
Díez Díaz et al., 2021
Valid Díez Díaz, Garcia, Pereda Suberbiola, Jentgen-Ceschino, Stein, Godefroit, and Valentin 2021 72.1–66 Ma
Late Cretaceous:
early Maastrichtian
  France
Dzharatitanis kingi
Averianov & Sues, 2021
Valid Averianov and Sues Feb 24, 2021 93.9–89.8 Ma
Late Cretaceous:
Turonian
  Uzbekistan
Ninjatitan zapatai
Gallina et al., 2021
Valid Gallina, Canale, and Carballido Feb 28, 2021 Titanosauria 145–132.6 Ma
Early Cretaceous:
late BerriasianValanginian
  Argentina
Arackar licanantay
Rubilar-Rogers et al., 2021
Valid Rubilar-Rogers, Vargas, González Riga, Soto-Acuña, Alarcón-Muñoz, Iriarte-Díaz, Arévalo, and Gutstein Aug 2021 Lithostrotia 83.6–66 Ma
Late Cretaceous:
CampanianMaastrichtian
  Chile
Australotitan cooperensis
Hocknull et al., 2021
Nomen dubium, possible synonym of Diamantinasaurus matildae[79] Hocknull, Wilkinson, Lawrence, Konstantinov, Mackenzie, and Mackenzie Jun 7, 2021 Titanosauria 96[80]–89.8 Ma
Late Cretaceous:
CenomanianTuronian[81]
  Australia
Silutitan sinensis
Wang et al., 2021 
Valid Wang, Bandeira, Qiu, Jiang, Cheng, Ma, and Kellner 2021 Euhelopodidae 145–100.5 Ma
Early Cretaceous
  China
Hamititan xinjiangensis
Wang et al., 2021
Valid Wang, Bandeira, Qiu, Jiang, Cheng, Ma, and Kellner 2021 Titanosauria 145–100.5 Ma
Early Cretaceous
  China
Menucocelsior arriagadai
Rolando et al., 2022
Valid Rolando, Marsà, Agnolín, Motta, Rozadilla, and Novas 2022 Eutitanosauria 72.1–66 Ma
Late Cretaceous:
Maastrichtian
  Argentina
Rhomaleopakhus turpanensis
Upchurch et al., 2021
Valid Upchurch, Mannion, Xu, and Barrett Dec 13, 2021 Mamenchisauridae 154.8–145 Ma
Late Jurassic:
KimmeridgianTithonian
  China
Abditosaurus kuehnei
Vila et al., 2022
Valid Vila, Sellés, Moreno-Azanza, Razzolini, Gil-Delgado, Canudo, and Galobart Feb 7, 2022 Saltasaurinae 70.5 Ma[82]
Late Cretaceous:
early Maastrichtian
  Spain
Perijasaurus lapaz
Rincón et al., 2022
Valid Rincón, Raad Pájaro, Jiménez Velandia, Ezcurra, and Wilson Mantilla Aug 10, 2022 Eusauropoda 174.7 Ma
Jurassic:
latest Toarcian–earliest Aalenian
  Colombia
Ibirania parva
Navarro et al., 2022
Valid Navarro, Ghilardi, Aureliano, Díez Díaz, Bandeira, Cataruzzi, Iori, Martine, Carvalho, Anelli, Fernandes, and Zaher Sep 15, 2022 Saltasaurinae 86.3–72.1 Ma
Late Cretaceous:
late Santonian–early Campanian
  Brazil
Yuzhoulong qurenensis
Dai et al., 2022
Valid Dai, Tan, Xiong, Ma, Li, Yu, Wei, Wang, Yi, Wei, You, and Ren Oct 2, 2022 Macronaria 168.2–165.3 Ma
Middle Jurassic:
Bathonian
  China
Caieiria allocaudata
Silva Junior et al., 2022
Valid Silva Junior, Martinelli, Marinho, da Silva, and Langer Nov 15, 2022 Titanosauria 72.1–66 Ma
Late Cretaceous:
Maastrichtian[83]
  Brazil
Ruixinia zhangi
Mo et al., 2022
Valid Mo, Ma, Yu, and Xu Dec 9, 2022 Somphospondyli ~125 Ma[84]
Early Cretaceous:
Barremian
  China
Chucarosaurus diripienda
Agnolin et al., 2023
Valid Agnolin, Gonzalez Riga, Aranciaga Rolando, Rozadilla, Motta, Chimento, and Novas Feb 2, 2023 Colossosauria 100.5–89.8 Ma
Late Cretaceous:
middle Cenomanian–early Turonian[85]
  Argentina
Igai semkhu
Gorscak et al., 2023
Valid Gorscak, Lamanna, Schwarz, Díez Díaz, Salem, Sallam, and Wiechmann Jul 20, 2023 Lithostrotia 83.6–72.1 Ma
Late Cretaceous:
Campanian
  Egypt
Tharosaurus indicus
Bajpai et al., 2023
Valid Bajpai, Datta, Pandey, Ghosh, Kumar, and Bhattacharya Aug 4, 2023 Dicraeosauridae 168.2–165.3 Ma
Middle Jurassic:
Bathonian
  India
Jiangxititan ganzhouensis
Mo et al., 2023
Valid Mo, Fu, Yu, and Xu Sep 21, 2023 Lognkosauria[86] 72.1–66 Ma
Late Cretaceous:
Maastrichtian[86]
  China
Garumbatitan morellensis
Mocho et al., 2023
Valid Mocho, Escaso, Gasulla, Galobart, Poza, Santos-Cubedo, Sanz, and Ortega Sep 28, 2023 Somphospondyli[87] 125.77–121.4 Ma
Early Cretaceous:
late Barremian[87]
  Spain
Inawentu oslatus
Filippi et al., 2023
Valid Filippi, Juárez Valieri, Gallina, Méndez, Gianechini, and Garrido Oct 30, 2023 Eutitanosauria[88] 86.3–83.6 Ma
Late Cretaceous:
Santonian[88]
  Argentina
Bustingorrytitan shiva
Simón & Salgado, 2023
Valid Simón and Salgado Dec 18, 2023 Lithostrotia[89] 100.5–93.9 Ma
Late Cretaceous:
upper Cenomanian[89]
  Argentina
Sidersaura marae
Lerzo et al., 2024
Valid Lerzo, Gallina, Canale, Otero, Carballido, Apesteguía, and Makovicky Jan 3, 2024 Rebbachisauridae 100.5–89.8 Ma
Late Cretaceous:
upper CenomanianTuronian[90]
  Argentina
Gandititan cavocaudatus
Han et al., 2024
Valid Han, Yang, Lou, Sullivan, Xu, Qiu, Liu, Yu, Wu, Ke, Xu, Hu, and Lu Jan 17, 2024 Titanosauria[91] 100.5–89.8 Ma
Late Cretaceous:
upper CenomanianTuronian[91]
  China
Jingiella dongxingensis
(Ren et al., 2024)
Valid Ren, Wang, Ji, Guo, and Ji Feb 22, 2024 Mamenchisauridae 154.8–149.2 Ma
Late Jurassic:
Kimmeridgian?
  China The generic name Jingia was originally proposed but it was already in use for a genus of moth.[92] The replacement name, Jingiella, was published in April later that year.[93]
Udelartitan celeste
Soto et al., 2024
Valid Soto, Carballido, Langer, Silva Junior, Montenegro, and Perea Mar 26, 2024 Saltasauroidea   Uruguay
Titanomachya gimenezi
Pérez-Moreno et al., 2024
Valid Pérez-Moreno, Salgado, Carballido, Otero, and Pol Apr 10, 2024 Saltasauroidea 72.1–66 Ma
Late Cretaceous:
Maastrichtian
  Argentina
Tiamat valdecii
Pereira et al., 2024
Valid Pereira, Bandeira, Vidal, Ribeiro, Candeiro, and Bergqvist May 13, 2024 Titanosauria 113–93.9 Ma
Cretaceous:
AlbianCenomanian
  Brazil
Campananeyen fragilissimus
Lerzo et al., 2024
Valid Lerzo, Torcida Fernández-Baldor, Canale, Whitlock, Otero, and Gallina Aug 13, 2024 Rebbachisauridae 100.5–93.9 Ma
Late Cretaceous:
Early Cenomanian
  Argentina

Sauropodomorphs of uncertain affinity

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This section of the list contains sauropodomorphs that are more closely related to eusauropods than Melanorosaurus but not as closely as Vulcanodon, thus lying between the two proposed boundaries of Sauropoda, as well as sauropodomorphs of unspecified phylogenetic position whose status as sauropods is disputed.

Ambiguous and borderline sauropods
Scientific name Taxonomic status Authors Date named Age Countries Phylogenetic position Notes Skeletal diagram
Amygdalodon patagonicus
Cabrera, 1947
Valid[94] Cabrera Feb 13, 1947   Argentina Interpreted as a eusauropod by Rauhut.[94] Recovered basal to Vulcanodon by phylogenetic analysis.[95][96][97]
Volkheimeria chubutensis
Bonaparte, 1979
Valid Bonaparte Sep 28, 1979   Argentina Recovered basal to Vulcanodon by phylogenetic analysis[97]
Camelotia borealis
Galton, 1985
Galton 1985   United Kingdom Originally described as a melanorosaurid, but has been recovered within Sauropoda sensu lato by some studies
Blikanasaurus cromptoni
Galton & Van Heerden, 1985
Valid Galton and Van Heerden 1985   South Africa Originally described as a prosauropod, but has been recovered as a member of Sauropoda sensu lato by some studies.
Chinshakiangosaurus chunghoensis
Dong, 1992
Valid Dong 1992   China
Kunmingosaurus wudingensis
Dong, 1992
Nomen dubium[4] Dong 1992   China Sauropod status regarded as tentative[98]
Gongxianosaurus shibeiensis
He et al., 1998
Valid He, Wang, Liu, Zhou, Liu, Cai, and Dai 1998   China
Lessemsaurus sauropoides
Bonaparte, 1999
Valid Bonaparte 1999   Argentina
Isanosaurus attavipachi
Buffetaut et al., 2000
Valid Buffetaut, Suteethorn, Cuny, Tong, Le Loeuff, Khansubha, and Jongautchariyakul Sep 7, 2000   Thailand Recovered basal to Vulcanodon in some studies,[97][verification needed] but more derived than Vulcanodon in others[99]
Antetonitrus ingenipes
Yates & Kitching, 2003
Valid Yates and Kitching Aug 22, 2003   South Africa
Lamplughsaura dharmaramensis
Kutty et al., 2007
Valid Kutty, Chatterjee, Galton, and Upchurch 2007   India Kutty et al. conducted two phylogenetic analyses, one of which recovered Lamplughsaura as a sauropod and the other of which did not.[100]
Leonerasaurus taquetrensis
Pol et al., 2011
Valid Pol, Garrido, and Cerda Jan 26, 2011   Argentina
Pulanesaura eocollum
McPhee et al., 2015
Valid McPhee, Bonnan, Yates, Neveling, and Choiniere 2015   South Africa
Ingentia prima
Apaldetti et al., 2018
Valid Apaldetti, Martínez, Cerda, Pol, and Alcober 2018   Argentina
Ledumahadi mafube
McPhee et al., 2018
Valid McPhee, Benson, Botha-Brink, Bordy, and Choiniere 2018   South Africa
Schleitheimia schutzi
Rauhut et al., 2020
Valid Rauhut, Holwerda, and Furrer 2020 Late Triassic (Norian)    Switzerland

Non-sauropodomorphs misidentified as sauropods

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This section of the list covers taxa that were at one point referred to Sauropoda, its historical synonyms Cetiosauria or Opisthocoelia, or referred to a taxon that is now regarded as a sauropod, such as the genus Cetiosaurus. However, it excludes sauropodomorphs that were referred to Sauropoda as a result of debate over where the boundary between sauropods and non-sauropod sauropodomorphs lie.

Species misidentified as sauropods
Scientific name Taxonomic status Current classification Notes
Cetiosaurus brachyurus
Owen, 1842
Nomen dubium[101] Iguanodon One of the four original species of Cetiosaurus. Referred to Iguanodon in 1849 by Melville,[102] a referral that was still upheld as of 2003.[5]
Hypsibema crassicauda
Cope, 1869
Regarded as a sauropod by Baird and Horner in 1979.[103]
Cetiosaurus rigauxi
Sauvage, 1874
Pliosaurus Sauvage initially interpreted this species, based on a single vertebra, as belonging to Cetiosaurus. In 1895, he reinterpreted it as belonging to the marine reptile Pliosaurus.[104]
Apatodon mirus
Marsh, 1877
Listed as a sauropod by Kuhn in 1937
Tichosteus lucasanus
Cope, 1877
Listed as a member of Cetiosauria by Osborn in 1898[105]
Epanterias amplexus
Cope, 1878
Theropoda Regarded as a sauropod by Cope; still listed as a sauropod by Romer in 1956.
Brachyrophus altarkansanus
Cope, 1878
Ornithopoda Listed as a sauropod by Kuhn in 1937
Symphyrophus musculosus
Cope, 1878
Subjective junior synonym of Camptosaurus dispar Ornithopoda Listed as a member of Cetiosauria by Osborn in 1898.[105] Has been synonymized with Camptosaurus dispar, but may be a chimera that includes crocodylian material.[106]
Morosaurus marchei
Sauvage, 1898
Nomen dubium Theropoda A tooth formerly referred to this taxon, MG 8779, does come from a sauropod
Succinodon putzeri
Huene, 1941
Teredinidae Described by Huene as the jaw of a sauropod, but later discovered to be the borings of shipworms.
Hypsibema missouriensis
(Gilmore & Stewart, 1945)
Valid Ornithopoda Originally described as a sauropod under the name Neosaurus missouriensis,[107] but the name Neosaurus was preoccupied so it was renamed Parrosaurus missouriensis. Reclassified as a species of Hypsibema in 1979 by Baird and Horner, who regarded the genus as belonging to Sauropoda.[108]
Astrodon pusillus
Lapparent & Zbyszewski, 1957
Nomen dubium Dinosauria Originally described as a species of the sauropod Astrodon. In 1981, Galton reidentified it as belonging to the stegosaurid Dacentrurus.[109] In 2008, Maidment et al. concluded it lacked evidence of stegosaur affinities and should be regarded as an indeterminate dinosaur.[110]

Informally named sauropods

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This section of the list contains sauropods that have never been formally scientifically named, but have been referred to with an informal binomial name.

Name Author Date Notes
"Amphicoelias brontodiplodocus"
"Nurosaurus qaganensis"
"Mamenchisaurus guangyuanensis" Zhang 1981 Described by Zhang Suoping in her 1981 master's thesis as "Omeisaurus guangyuanensis".[111] Referred to Mamenchisaurus by Li and Cai in 1997.[112] Ouyang and Ye tentatively agreed with Li and Cai's assessment in 2002, but were unsure whether it represented a distinct species.[111] Based on fossils from the Upper Shaximiao Formation, including several juvenile specimens.
"Dachongosaurus yunnanensis"
"Lancanjiangosaurus cachuensis"
"Megacervixosaurus tibetensis"
"Microdontosaurus dayensis"
"Oshanosaurus youngi"
"Rutellum implicatum"
"Yunxianosaurus hubeinensis"

Footnotes

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  1. ^ In 2004, Upchurch, Barrett, and Dodson listed Cetiosaurus brevis as a nomen dubium.[4] In 2011, Upchurch, Mannion, and Barrett regarded Cetiosaurus brevis and Pelorosaurus conybeari to be objective synonyms and, based on both the caudal vertebrae associated with the name C. brevis and humerus associated with P. conybeari, regarded the taxon, which they called Pelorosaurus conybeari, to be a valid species.[8]
  2. ^ Some authors have treated Cetiosaurus conybeari Melville, 1849 and Pelorosaurus conybeari Mantell, 1850 as distinct taxa, with the former being based on a series of four caudal vertebrae and the latter on a humerus.[11][12][13] Others have regarded Pelorosaurus conybeari as simply Cetiosaurus conybeari assigned to a new genus.[14][10][8] Among those who treated P. conybeari as having been named by Mantell and based on a humerus, Blows regarded P. conybeari as a nomen vanum[15] and Upchurch et al. treated it as a valid taxon.[4]
  3. ^ According to Naish and Martill, "sauropod experts seem in universal agreement that ʻC. gigasʼ is a camarasauromorph".[26] Naish and Martill themselves regarded Chondrosteosaurus to be a camarasaurid;[27] in contrast, Upchurch, Mannion, and Barrett regarded the specimen to be a titanosauriform.[8]
  4. ^ Both Marsh and Lydekker named a sauropod genus Titanosaurus in 1877. Because Lydekker's Titanosaurus indicus was published first, Marsh renamed Titanosaurus montanus to Atlantosaurus montanus later that year.[30]
  5. ^ In 2015, Tschopp, Mateus, and Benson argued that D. longus was a nomen dubium.[29] In 2017, Carpenter disputed their claims regarding the status of D. longus[34]
  6. ^ Originally described as Ischyrosaurus, without a species name, by John W. Hulke in 1874.[24] Edward Drinker Cope had already named a genus Ischyrosaurus. In 1888, Lydekker assigned it to Ornithopsis, giving the species name as Ornithopsis manseli, which he credited to an unpublished manuscript by Hulke.[38]
  7. ^ Hatcher incorrectly believed that Haplocanthus had to be changed because it was too similar to Haplacanthus Agassiz, 1845.[42] Nonetheless, the name Haplocanthosaurus became widely used, and in 1991, the ICZN ruled to conserve the name Haplocanthosaurus.[43]
  8. ^ Gigantosaurus had to be renamed because Seeley had already used the name for a different sauropod
  9. ^ In 1988, He et al. regarded it as uncertain whether O. changshouensis belonged to Omeisaurus or Mamenchisaurus.[51] In 1996, Zhang and Chen referred O. changshouensis to Mamenchisaurus in 1996.[52] In 2019, Tan et al. used the name Omeisaurus changshouensis but regarded it as more like Mamenchisaurus than Omeisaurus[53]
  10. ^ Kim formally named a genus Ultrasaurus two years before Jensen did, so Ultrasaurus mcintoshi was renamed Ultrasauros.
  11. ^ The name Protognathus was preoccupied
  12. ^ Issue 10 of volume 30 of the Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences is dated October 1993, but was not actually available until February or March 1994[56]
  13. ^ Exact date disputed. Article dated July 1, 2005, but copies apparently did not become available until December 18, 2005.[67]
  14. ^ The issue is dated 2009, but the paleontologist Darren Naish reported that it was actually published in 2008.[75]
  15. ^ Originally described as a diplodocid, and recovered as such by Tschopp et al. in 2015[29] and Tschopp and Mateus in 2017.[77] In contrast, recovered as a dicraeosaurid by Whitlock and Wilson Mantilla in 2020.[39]

References

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  1. ^ Marsh 1878b.
  2. ^ McPhee & Choiniere 2018.
  3. ^ International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1999.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay Upchurch, Barrett & Dodson 2004.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g Upchurch & Martin 2003.
  6. ^ Upchurch & Martin 2003, p. 212.
  7. ^ Steel 1970, p. 64.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Upchurch, Mannion & Barrett 2011.
  9. ^ Mocho et al. 2016.
  10. ^ a b Taylor & Naish 2007, p. 1559.
  11. ^ a b Steel 1970, pp. 64, 68.
  12. ^ a b Ostrom 1970, pp. 129–130.
  13. ^ a b Upchurch et al. 2004, p. 308.
  14. ^ Naish & Martill 2001, pp. 205–207.
  15. ^ Blows 1995, pp. 195–196.
  16. ^ a b c Le Loeuff 1993, p. 107.
  17. ^ a b Upchurch, Mannion & Taylor 2015.
  18. ^ a b Mannion et al. 2019.
  19. ^ a b Carpenter & Tidwell 2005.
  20. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Mannion et al. 2013.
  21. ^ a b Martill, Earland & Naish 2006.
  22. ^ Pereda Suberbiola & Barrett 1999.
  23. ^ a b c Barrett, Benson & Upchurch 2010.
  24. ^ a b Hulke 1874.
  25. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Mannion 2010.
  26. ^ Naish & Martill 2001, p. 195.
  27. ^ Naish & Martill 2001, pp. 195, 198.
  28. ^ a b c Wilson & Upchurch 2003.
  29. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Tschopp, Mateus & Benson 2015.
  30. ^ Marsh 1877b.
  31. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Ikejiri 2005.
  32. ^ a b c d Mannion, Tschopp & Whitlock 2021.
  33. ^ Carpenter 1998.
  34. ^ Carpenter 2017.
  35. ^ a b Carpenter 2018.
  36. ^ Woodruff & Foster 2014.
  37. ^ a b c D'Emic 2013.
  38. ^ Lydekker 1888.
  39. ^ a b c d Whitlock & Wilson Mantilla 2020.
  40. ^ Powell 2003.
  41. ^ Tweet 2019.
  42. ^ Hatcher 1903b.
  43. ^ International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1991.
  44. ^ a b c Taylor 2009.
  45. ^ a b McPhee et al. 2016.
  46. ^ Otero 2010.
  47. ^ a b c Mannion 2011.
  48. ^ Wilson et al. 2009.
  49. ^ a b Poropat et al. 2017.
  50. ^ McPhee et al. 2016.
  51. ^ He, Li & Cai 1988, p. 85.
  52. ^ Zhang & Chen 1996, p. 107.
  53. ^ Tan et al. 2019, p. 112.
  54. ^ Viglietti et al. 2018.
  55. ^ Currie et al. 2018.
  56. ^ Mortimer 2021.
  57. ^ Cerda et al. 2021.
  58. ^ a b c Xing et al. 2015.
  59. ^ a b Barrett et al. 2002.
  60. ^ Upchurch et al. 2021.
  61. ^ D'Emic, Foreman & Jud 2016.
  62. ^ Apesteguía 2007.
  63. ^ a b Bellardini et al. 2022.
  64. ^ Royo-Torres et al. 2021.
  65. ^ a b Park 2016.
  66. ^ Ma et al. 2021.
  67. ^ Sánchez-Hernández 2006.
  68. ^ Mo 2013, pp. 38, 40.
  69. ^ Silva Junior et al. 2022, p. 31.
  70. ^ Fronimos 2023, p. 3.
  71. ^ Wilson & Upchurch 2009.
  72. ^ Carballido et al. 2020.
  73. ^ a b Gallina 2016.
  74. ^ a b Taylor 2018.
  75. ^ Naish 2009.
  76. ^ a b D'Emic & Foreman 2012.
  77. ^ Tschopp & Mateus 2017.
  78. ^ Ren et al. 2020.
  79. ^ Beeston et al. 2024.
  80. ^ Hocknull et al. 2021, p. 18.
  81. ^ Hocknull et al. 2021, p. 38.
  82. ^ Vila et al. 2022.
  83. ^ Silva Junior et al. 2022.
  84. ^ Mo et al. 2022.
  85. ^ Agnolin et al. 2023.
  86. ^ a b Mo et al. 2023.
  87. ^ a b Mocho et al. 2023.
  88. ^ a b Filippi et al. 2023.
  89. ^ a b Simón & Salgado 2023.
  90. ^ Lerzo et al. 2024.
  91. ^ a b Han et al. 2024.
  92. ^ "Jingia".
  93. ^ "Addendum". Historical Biology: 1. 2024-04-15. doi:10.1080/08912963.2024.2325806. ISSN 0891-2963.
  94. ^ a b Rauhut 2003.
  95. ^ Carballido & Pol 2010.
  96. ^ Pol et al. 2020.
  97. ^ a b c Gomez, Carballido & Pol 2021.
  98. ^ McPhee et al. 2016, p. 3.
  99. ^ McPhee et al. 2015.
  100. ^ Kutty et al. 2007.
  101. ^ Upchurch & Martin 2003, p. 215.
  102. ^ Melville 1849.
  103. ^ Baird & Horner 1979, p. 16.
  104. ^ Sauvage 1895, p. 469.
  105. ^ a b Osborn 1898, p. 227.
  106. ^ Carpenter & Wilson 2008, p. 228.
  107. ^ Gilmore & Stewart 1945.
  108. ^ Baird & Horner 1979, pp. 15–16.
  109. ^ Galton 1981.
  110. ^ Maidment et al. 2008, p. 18.
  111. ^ a b Ouyang & Ye 2002, p. 74.
  112. ^ Li & Cai 1997.

Works cited

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Pereira, Paulo V L G C; Bandeira, Kamila L N; Vidal, Luciano S; Ribeiro, Theo B; Candeiro, Carlos R dos A; Bergqvist, Lilian P (2024-05-13). "A new sauropod species from north-western Brazil: biomechanics and the radiation of Titanosauria (Sauropoda: Somphospondyli)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae054. ISSN 0024-4082.

Further reading

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  • McIntosh, J. S. (1990). "Sauropoda". In Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; Osmólska, Halszka (eds.). The Dinosauria (1 ed.). Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 345–401.
  • Olshevsky, George (1991-10-24). "A revision of the parainfraclass Archosauria Cope, 1869, excluding the advanced Crocodylia". Mesozoic Meanderings. 2: 1–196.
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