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Comment: Sbouldn't the "Criteria" section be removed; it is unusual for lists to contain these. Maybe convert to a prose paragraph in the lede. Also since the article with the same name was deleted as failing NLIST, I am unsure whether it meets it or not. Toadette (Let's discuss together!) 13:49, 31 March 2024 (UTC)
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This is a list of historical separatist movements in South America. Separatism includes autonomism and secessionism.
Argentina edit
- Patagonia
- Proposed state:
Kingdom of Araucanía and Patagonia
- Proposed state:
Bolivia edit
- Media Luna
- Pressure Group: Nación Camba
Brazil edit
Empire of Brazil edit
Alagoas, Ceará, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Piauí, Rio Grande do Norte and Sergipe (1824)
- Proposed state:
Confederation of the Equator
- Advocacy group: Liberals in Pernambuco, Ceará and Paraíba
Cisplatina, present-day 
Uruguay (1825–1828)
- Proposed: Unification with the
United Provinces of the Río de la Prata
- Militant organization:
Thirty-Three Orientals
- Militant organization:
São Pedro do Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina (1836–1845)
- De facto states:
Riograndense Republic, 
Juliana Republic
- Political party: Ragamuffin Party[1]
Bahia (1837–1838)
- Proposed state:
Bahiense Republic, which would be reincorporated into Brazil when Pedro II reached the age of majority.[2]
São Paulo (1887)
- Proposed state: São Paulo[3][4]
- Advocacy groups: Anti-abolitionists and republicans in southern São Paulo
- Political party: Paulista Republican Party (factions)
Republican Brazil edit
- Proposed state: Republic of the Pampas[5][6]
- Advocacy group:
Movement for the Independence of the Pampa[7]
- Advocacy group:
- Proposed state: Riograndense Republic
Chile edit
- Araucanía
- Proposed state: Kingdom of Araucanía and Patagonia
- Proposed state:
Colombia edit
- Parts of Andean Region
- Rebel organization:
Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) - Secessionist entities: Marquetalia Republic and several other communist-oriented Independent Republics
- Rebel organization:
- Parts of Andean and
Caribbean regions
- Secessionist entities: Several provinces under leadership of Jefes Supremos
- Goals: Federalization of New Granada
Antioquia
- Pressure Group: Antioquia Rebelde (part of Medellin Cartel)
Arauca
- Secessionist entity: Republic of Arauca
- Caribbean Region
- Pressure Group: Liga Costeña
- Cauca State
- Political Party: Liberal Party
- Goals: Annexation to Ecuador (1832), reforming the Grenadine Confederation (1860–1862)
- Parts of
Nariño and 
Putumayo
- Rebel organization:
Royalist guerrillas (1822–1825) - Pressure Group: Catholic clergy (1839–1842)
- Political party: Conservative Party (1860–1862)
- Goals: Restoring Spanish rule (1822–1825), annexation to Ecuador (1839–1842; 1860–1862)
- Rebel organization:
- Panama State
- Political Party: Liberal Party
- Secessionist entity: Isthmus State (1840–1841),
Republic of Panama (1903–)
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Guyana edit
- Political party: People's Progressive Party
- Political party: People's National Congress
Peru edit
Portuguese America edit
Captaincy of the Bay of All Saints
- Revolt of the Tailors (1798)
- Inconfidência Mineira (1780s)
- Conspiracy of Suassuna (1801)
- Pernambucan Revolt (1817)
- Acclamation of Amador Bueno (1641)
- Brazilian War of Independence (1821–1824)
Spanish America edit
See also edit
References edit
- ^ Flores, Moacyr (2002). República Rio-Grandense: realidade e utopia [Riograndense Republic: reality and utopia] (in Portuguese). Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Pontifícia Univ. Católica do Rio Grande do Sul. ISBN 8574303100.
- ^ Souza, Paulo César (2009). A Sabinada: A revolta separatista da Bahia [The Sabinada: The separatist revolt of Bahia] (in Portuguese). Cia das Letras.
- ^ Adduci, Cássia Chrispiniano (1999). "Para um aprofundamento historiográfico: discutindo o separatismo paulista de 1887" [Towards a historiographical deepening: discussing the São Paulo separatism of 1887]. Revista Brasileira de História (in Portuguese). 19 (38). São Paulo: 101–124. doi:10.1590/S0102-01881999000200005. Retrieved January 31, 2024.
- ^ Prado, Maria Emilia (2002). "A Unidade do Império ameaçada: Alberto Sales e a elaboração de um projeto em defesa do separatismo das províncias" [The Unity of the Empire threatened: Alberto Sales and the elaboration of a project in defense of separatism of the provinces]. Intellèctus (in Portuguese). 1 (1). Rio de Janeiro. ISSN 1676-7640.
- ^ Brooke, James (May 12, 1993). "White Flight in Brazil? Secessionist Caldron Boils". The New York Times. Retrieved January 31, 2024.
- ^ "Justiça recolhe livros de líder separatista". Folha de S.Paulo (in Portuguese). September 3, 1994. Retrieved January 31, 2024.
- ^ Luvizotto, Caroline Kraus (2009). "O separatismo no Rio Grande do Sul". Cultura gaúcha e separatismo no Rio Grande do Sul [Gaúcho culture and separatism in Rio Grande do Sul] (PDF) (in Portuguese). São Paulo: Editora UNESP. ISBN 978-85-7983-008-2.
- ^ Rech, Fernando Luís (2017). "Políticas identitárias e usos do passado no movimento O Sul é o Meu País (1992–2017)" [Identity politics and uses of the past in the "O Sul é o Meu País" movement (1992–2017)] (in Portuguese). Chapecó. Retrieved February 5, 2024.
- ^ Kulaitis, Fernando; Aver, Gabriel Pancera (November 27, 2023). "As fronteiras do pertencimento étnico na pauta separatista do movimento 'O Sul é o meu país'" [The boundaries of ethnic belonging in the separatist agenda of the "O Sul é o meu país" movement]. Sociologias (in Portuguese). 25: 2. doi:10.1590/18070337-123675. ISSN 1517-4522. Retrieved February 3, 2024.
- ^ Cohn, Amélia; Hirano, Sedi. "SEPARATISTA, O". Centro de Pesquisa e Documentação de História Contemporânea do Brasil (in Portuguese). Retrieved February 5, 2024.
- ^ Netto, André; Bandeira, Diego; Neves, Eduardo; Ferreira, João Vitor; Smith, Pedro (August 14, 2019). "São Paulo independente: progresso ou atraso?" [Independent São Paulo: progress or backwardness?]. Agência Universitária de Notícias (in Portuguese). São Paulo. ISSN 2359-5191. Retrieved February 4, 2024.
- ^ "Movimento pede na internet que São Paulo se separe do Brasil". Poder360 (in Portuguese). March 13, 2018. Retrieved February 4, 2024.
- ^ Amendola, Gilberto (November 13, 2016). "Aliança tenta unir quem quer se separar". Estadão (in Portuguese). Retrieved February 4, 2024.