Cytomegalic inclusion body disease (CIBD) also known as cytomegalic inclusion disease (CID) is a series of signs and symptoms caused by cytomegalovirus infection, toxoplasmosis or other rare infections such as herpes or rubella viruses. It can produce massive calcification of the central nervous system, and often the kidneys.[1]
| Cytomegalic inclusion body disease | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Cytomegalic inclusion disease |
| Differential diagnosis | Cytomegalovirus infection |
Cytomegalic inclusion body disease is the most common cause of congenital abnormalities in the United States. It can also cause pneumonia and other diseases in immunocompromised patients, such as those with HIV/AIDS or recipients of organ transplants.[2]
Symptoms and signs
editEarly in infancy, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia purpura, pneumonitis, chorioretinitis, and central nervous system (CNS) disease are among the numerous clinical presentations of congenital cytomegalic inclusion disease (CID). Several studies have highlighted the mental and motor retardation caused by chronic intrauterine encephalitis.[3]
The brain, pituitary gland, spleen, thyroid, pancreas, liver, lungs, and kidneys are the vital structures that are most frequently affected. The disease is marked by progressive severe pneumonitis in the few questionable cases reported in adults.[4]
Diagnosis
editThe diagnosis of cytomegalic inclusion disease was initially made only after histologic examination of postmortem tissue or by liver biopsy; later, the possibility of a premortem diagnosis was demonstrated by the demonstration of inclusion bodies in cells exfoliated in urine or gastric washings. However, the importance of cellular inclusions in urinary sediment in the diagnosis of systemic cytomegalic inclusion-body disease isn't always consistent.[5]
Management
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References
edit- ^ Marquis JR, Lee JK (October 1976). "Extensive central nervous system calcification in a stillborn male infant due to cytomegalovirus infection". American Journal of Roentgenology. 127 (4): 665–7. doi:10.2214/ajr.127.4.665. PMID 184717.
- ^ Levinson, Warren (2012). Review of Medical Microbiology and Immunology (12th ed.). McGraw-Hill. ISBN 978-0071774345.
- ^ McCracken, George H. (May 1, 1969). "Congenital Cytomegalic Inclusion Disease". American Journal of Diseases of Children. 117 (5): 522. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1969.02100030524005. ISSN 0002-922X. PMID 4181125. Retrieved November 18, 2023.
- ^ CHRISTENSEN, L.; BEEMAN, H. W.; ALLEN, A. (January 1, 1957). "Cytomegalic Inclusion Disease". Archives of Ophthalmology. 57 (1): 90–99. doi:10.1001/archopht.1957.00930050098018. ISSN 0003-9950. PMID 13381240. Retrieved November 18, 2023.
- ^ NAIB, ZUHER M. (February 1, 1963). "Cytologic Diagnosis of Cytomegalic Inclusion-Body Disease". Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine. 105 (2): 153. doi:10.1001/archpedi.1963.02080040155005. ISSN 1072-4710. Retrieved November 18, 2023.