Curium(IV) oxide

Curium(IV) oxide
Names
	Other names Curium dioxide
Identifiers
CAS Number	12016-67-0;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	34998496;
ECHA InfoCard	100.031.453
EC Number	234-612-6;
PubChem CID	118856359 (charge error);
	InChI InChI=1S/Cm.2O/q+4;2*-2 Key: GAFRKXHDERQHAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N;
	SMILES [O-2].[O-2].[Cm+4];
Properties
Chemical formula	CmO2
Molar mass	279 g·mol−1
Appearance	black crystals
Solubility in water	insoluble
Related compounds
Other cations	Americium(IV) oxide; Berkelium(IV) oxide
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Curium(IV) oxide is an inorganic chemical compound of curium and oxygen with the chemical formula CmO₂. Since all isotopes of curium are man-made, the compound does not occur in nature.

Synthesis edit

Curium(IV) oxide can be prepared directly from the elements. Metallic curium is annealed in air or in an oxygen atmosphere:^[1]

Cm + O₂ → CmO₂

Curium(III) hydroxide and curium(III) oxalate are also usually used for this purpose:

Cm(OH)₄ → CmO₂ + 2H₂O

Cm(C₂O₄)₂ → CmO₂ + 2CO₂ + 2CO

Another way is the reaction of curium(III) oxide in an oxygen atmosphere at 650 °C:^[2]

2Cm₂O₃ + O₂ → 4CmO₂

Physical properties edit

Curium(IV) oxide forms black crystals.^[3] Insoluble in water. The compound crystals are of the cubic crystal system, the fluorite structure in the space group Fm3m.

Chemical properties edit

The compound reacts with mineral acids to form solutions of curium(III) salts.^[4]

Uses edit

The compound is used for the manufacturing of isotopic current sources, also as targets for the synthesis of transcurium elements.

References edit

^ Asprey, L. B.; Ellinger, F. H.; Fried, S.; Zachariasen, W. H. (March 1955). "EVIDENCE FOR QUADRIVALENT CURIUM: X-RAY DATA ON CURIUM OXIDES¹". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 77 (6): 1707–1708. doi:10.1021/ja01611a108. ISSN 0002-7863. Retrieved 29 June 2023.
^ Noé, M.; Fuger, J. (1 May 1971). "Self-radiation effects on the lattice parameter of 244CmO2". Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry Letters. 7 (5): 421–430. doi:10.1016/0020-1650(71)80177-0. ISSN 0020-1650. Retrieved 29 June 2023.
^ Konings, R. J. M. (1 October 2001). "Thermochemical and thermophysical properties of curium and its oxides". Journal of Nuclear Materials. 298 (3): 255–268. Bibcode:2001JNuM..298..255K. doi:10.1016/S0022-3115(01)00652-3. ISSN 0022-3115. Retrieved 29 June 2023.
^ Lumetta, Gregg J.; Thompson, Major C.; Penneman, Robert A.; Eller, P. Gary (2006). "Curium". The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements. Springer Netherlands: 1397–1443. doi:10.1007/1-4020-3598-5_9. ISBN 978-1-4020-3555-5. Retrieved 29 June 2023.

[1] Asprey, L. B.; Ellinger, F. H.; Fried, S.; Zachariasen, W. H. (March 1955). "EVIDENCE FOR QUADRIVALENT CURIUM: X-RAY DATA ON CURIUM OXIDES¹". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 77 (6): 1707–1708. doi:10.1021/ja01611a108. ISSN 0002-7863. Retrieved 29 June 2023.

[2] Noé, M.; Fuger, J. (1 May 1971). "Self-radiation effects on the lattice parameter of 244CmO2". Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry Letters. 7 (5): 421–430. doi:10.1016/0020-1650(71)80177-0. ISSN 0020-1650. Retrieved 29 June 2023.

[3] Konings, R. J. M. (1 October 2001). "Thermochemical and thermophysical properties of curium and its oxides". Journal of Nuclear Materials. 298 (3): 255–268. Bibcode:2001JNuM..298..255K. doi:10.1016/S0022-3115(01)00652-3. ISSN 0022-3115. Retrieved 29 June 2023.

[4] Lumetta, Gregg J.; Thompson, Major C.; Penneman, Robert A.; Eller, P. Gary (2006). "Curium". The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements. Springer Netherlands: 1397–1443. doi:10.1007/1-4020-3598-5_9. ISBN 978-1-4020-3555-5. Retrieved 29 June 2023.

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