Edmonton has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification Dfb).[1] It falls into the NRC 4a Plant Hardiness Zone.[2]
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The city is known for having cold winters.[3] Its average daily temperatures range from a low of −10.4 °C (13.3 °F) in January to a summer peak of 23 °C (73.4 °F) in July.[4] With average maximum of 27 °C (80.6 °F) in July, and minimum of −14.8 °C (5.4 °F) in January.[4] Temperatures can exceed 30.0 °C (86.0 °F) for an average of four to five days anytime from late April to mid-September and fall below −20.0 °C (−4.0 °F) for an average of 24.6 days. On June 30, 2021, at approximately 5:00 pm Edmonton South Campus reached a temperature of 37.4 °C (99.3 °F). This surpasses the previous 37.2 °C (99.0 °F) set on June 29, 1937.[5][6] On July 2, 2013, a record high humidex of 44 was recorded, due to an unusually humid day with a temperature of 33.9 °C (93.0 °F) and a record high dew point of 23 °C (73.4 °F).[7][8] The lowest overall temperature ever recorded in Edmonton was −49.4 °C (−56.9 °F), on January 19 and 21, 1886.[9]
Summer lasts from late June until early September, and the humidity is seldom uncomfortably high. Winter lasts from November to March and in common with all of Alberta[10] varies greatly in length and severity. Spring and autumn are both short and highly variable. Edmonton's growing season is from May 9 to September 22;[4][11] Edmonton averages 135–140 frost-free days a year.[4][12] At the summer solstice, Edmonton receives 17 hours and three minutes of daylight, with an hour and 46 minutes of civil twilight.[13] On average Edmonton receives 2,299 hours of bright sunshine[14] per year and is one of Canada's sunniest cities.[4]
The summer of 2006 was a particularly warm one for Edmonton, as temperatures reached 29 °C (84 °F) or higher more than 20 times from mid-May to early September. The winter of 2011–12 was particularly warm; from December 22, 2011, till March 20, 2012, on 53 occasions Edmonton saw temperatures at or above 0.0 °C (32.0 °F) at the City Centre Airport.[15][16][17][18]
The winter of 1969 was particularly cold. Between January 7 and February 1, maximum temperatures at Edmonton's Industrial Airport reached highs of −6 °F (−21.1 °C) on two occasions and lows ranged from −14 °F (−25.6 °C) to −39 °F (−39.4 °C). The city's Newspaper, The Journal, issued certificates for residents who lived through 'Edmonton's record cold spell'.
Edmonton has a fairly dry climate. On average, it receives 476.9 millimetres (18.78 in) of precipitation, of which 365.7 millimetres (14.40 in) is rain and 111.2 millimetres (4.38 in) is the melt from 123.5 centimetres (48.6 in) of snowfall per annum.[4] Precipitation is heaviest in the late spring, summer, and early autumn. The wettest month is July, while the driest months are February, March, October, and November.[4] In July the mean precipitation is 91.7 mm (3.61 in).[4] Dry spells are not uncommon and may occur at any time of the year. Extremes do occur, such as the 114 mm (4.49 in) of rainfall that fell on July 31, 1953.[4] Summer thunderstorms can be frequent and occasionally severe enough to produce large hail, damaging winds, funnel clouds, and occasionally tornadoes. Twelve tornadoes had been recorded in Edmonton between 1890 and 1989,[19] and eight since 1990.[20] A F4 tornado that struck Edmonton on July 31, 1987, killing 27, was unusual in many respects, including severity, duration, damage, and casualties.[citation needed][21][22] It is commonly referred to as Black Friday due both to its aberrant characteristics and the emotional shock it generated.[23] Then-mayor Laurence Decore cited the community's response to the tornado as evidence that Edmonton was a "city of champions," which later became an unofficial slogan of the city.[24][25]
A massive cluster of thunderstorms occurred on July 11, 2004, with large hail and over 100 mm (4 in) of rain reported within the space of an hour in many places.[26] This "1-in-200 year event" flooded major intersections and underpasses and damaged both residential and commercial properties. The storm caused extensive damage to West Edmonton Mall; a small glass section of the roof collapsed under the weight of the rainwater, causing water to drain onto the mall's indoor ice rink. As a result, the mall was evacuated as a precautionary measure.[27]
Classification edit
| Climatic scheme | Initials | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Köppen system[28][29] | Dfb | Warm-summer humid continental climate |
| Trewartha system[30][31] | Dcb | Continental climate |
Data edit
Recent data edit
1981-2010 edit
| Climate data for Edmonton (Edmonton City Centre Airport). Climate ID: 3012208; coordinates 53°34′24″N 113°31′06″W / 53.57333°N 113.51833°W; elevation: 670.6 m (2,200 ft); 1981–2010 normals, extremes 1880–present | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high humidex | 10.6 | 13.8 | 23.5 | 29.2 | 33.4 | 35.9 | 44.0 | 39.6 | 34.1 | 28.3 | 18.9 | 16.0 | 44.0 |
| Record high °C (°F) | 13.9 (57.0) |
16.7 (62.1) |
23.9 (75.0) |
32.2 (90.0) |
34.4 (93.9) |
37.2 (99.0) |
36.7 (98.1) |
35.6 (96.1) |
33.9 (93.0) |
28.6 (83.5) |
23.3 (73.9) |
16.7 (62.1) |
37.2 (99.0) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −6.0 (21.2) |
−2.7 (27.1) |
2.2 (36.0) |
11.2 (52.2) |
17.5 (63.5) |
21.0 (69.8) |
23.1 (73.6) |
22.6 (72.7) |
17.1 (62.8) |
10.4 (50.7) |
0.0 (32.0) |
−4.5 (23.9) |
9.3 (48.7) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −10.4 (13.3) |
−7.6 (18.3) |
−2.5 (27.5) |
5.4 (41.7) |
11.5 (52.7) |
15.5 (59.9) |
17.7 (63.9) |
16.9 (62.4) |
11.4 (52.5) |
5.1 (41.2) |
−4.1 (24.6) |
−8.8 (16.2) |
4.2 (39.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −14.8 (5.4) |
−12.5 (9.5) |
−7.2 (19.0) |
−0.5 (31.1) |
5.4 (41.7) |
9.9 (49.8) |
12.3 (54.1) |
11.3 (52.3) |
5.8 (42.4) |
−0.2 (31.6) |
−8.2 (17.2) |
−13.1 (8.4) |
−1.0 (30.2) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −49.4 (−56.9) |
−49.4 (−56.9) |
−40.0 (−40.0) |
−26.1 (−15.0) |
−12.2 (10.0) |
−3.9 (25.0) |
−1.7 (28.9) |
−3.3 (26.1) |
−11.7 (10.9) |
−26.1 (−15.0) |
−42.2 (−44.0) |
−48.3 (−54.9) |
−49.4 (−56.9) |
| Record low wind chill | −52.8 | −50.7 | −44.6 | −37.5 | −14.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | −3.7 | −13.3 | −34.3 | −50.2 | −55.5 | −55.5 |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 21.7 (0.85) |
12.0 (0.47) |
15.8 (0.62) |
28.8 (1.13) |
46.1 (1.81) |
77.5 (3.05) |
93.8 (3.69) |
61.9 (2.44) |
43.5 (1.71) |
21.7 (0.85) |
18.0 (0.71) |
15.0 (0.59) |
455.7 (17.94) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 1.3 (0.05) |
0.8 (0.03) |
1.7 (0.07) |
14.5 (0.57) |
40.7 (1.60) |
77.5 (3.05) |
93.8 (3.69) |
61.8 (2.43) |
42.4 (1.67) |
10.9 (0.43) |
1.6 (0.06) |
0.7 (0.03) |
347.8 (13.69) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | 24.5 (9.6) |
13.4 (5.3) |
17.4 (6.9) |
15.3 (6.0) |
4.9 (1.9) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
1.0 (0.4) |
11.6 (4.6) |
19.1 (7.5) |
16.4 (6.5) |
123.5 (48.6) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 11.0 | 7.9 | 8.3 | 8.8 | 11.0 | 14.2 | 14.6 | 11.1 | 9.8 | 8.0 | 8.8 | 9.4 | 122.9 |
| Average rainy days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 1.1 | 0.8 | 1.4 | 5.9 | 10.5 | 14.2 | 14.6 | 11.1 | 9.6 | 5.6 | 1.5 | 0.8 | 77.3 |
| Average snowy days (≥ 0.2 cm) | 10.7 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 4.2 | 1.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 3.2 | 7.9 | 9.3 | 52.4 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 65.2 | 61.2 | 56.5 | 42.9 | 40.4 | 48.2 | 52.6 | 51.4 | 50.1 | 50.5 | 64.7 | 65.4 | 54.1 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 100.8 | 121.7 | 176.3 | 244.2 | 279.9 | 285.9 | 307.5 | 282.3 | 192.7 | 170.8 | 98.4 | 84.5 | 2,344.8 |
| Mean daily sunshine hours | 3.3 | 4.3 | 5.7 | 8.1 | 9.0 | 9.5 | 9.9 | 9.1 | 6.4 | 5.5 | 3.3 | 2.7 | 6.4 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 40.2 | 44.1 | 48.1 | 58.2 | 56.8 | 56.2 | 60.2 | 61.5 | 50.4 | 52.0 | 37.8 | 36.0 | 50.1 |
| Average ultraviolet index | 0.0 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 4.0 | 5.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 5.0 | 4.0 | 2.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 3.0 |
| Source: Environment and Climate Change Canada,[4] (July record high humidex), [32] Extremes (1880–1943)[33] and Weather Atlas[34] Note: climate data was collected near downtown Edmonton from July 1880 to June 1943, and at Edmonton City Centre Airport (Blatchford Field) from October 1937 to present. | |||||||||||||
| Climate data for Leduc-Edmonton (Edmonton International Airport) WMO ID: 71123; coordinates 53°19′N 113°35′W / 53.317°N 113.583°W; elevation: 723.3 m (2,373 ft); 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1959–2020 | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high humidex | 9.2 | 12.8 | 23.5 | 30.0 | 33.6 | 37.3 | 43.0 | 38.7 | 33.9 | 28.4 | 20.8 | 14.6 | 43.0 |
| Record high °C (°F) | 9.9 (49.8) |
13.3 (55.9) |
24.2 (75.6) |
30.5 (86.9) |
32.8 (91.0) |
34.4 (93.9) |
35.0 (95.0) |
35.6 (96.1) |
34.9 (94.8) |
29.1 (84.4) |
18.8 (65.8) |
15.9 (60.6) |
35.6 (96.1) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −6.5 (20.3) |
−4.1 (24.6) |
0.5 (32.9) |
10.1 (50.2) |
17.6 (63.7) |
20.7 (69.3) |
23.0 (73.4) |
22.4 (72.3) |
17.8 (64.0) |
10.0 (50.0) |
0.2 (32.4) |
−5.3 (22.5) |
8.9 (48.0) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −12.3 (9.9) |
−10.4 (13.3) |
−5.3 (22.5) |
3.5 (38.3) |
10.1 (50.2) |
14.1 (57.4) |
16.2 (61.2) |
15.1 (59.2) |
10.3 (50.5) |
3.4 (38.1) |
−5.2 (22.6) |
−11.0 (12.2) |
2.4 (36.3) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −18.1 (−0.6) |
−16.6 (2.1) |
−11.2 (11.8) |
−3.2 (26.2) |
2.7 (36.9) |
7.5 (45.5) |
9.4 (48.9) |
7.8 (46.0) |
2.8 (37.0) |
−3.3 (26.1) |
−10.6 (12.9) |
−16.7 (1.9) |
−4.1 (24.6) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −48.3 (−54.9) |
−43.9 (−47.0) |
−42.7 (−44.9) |
−28.3 (−18.9) |
−11.6 (11.1) |
−6.1 (21.0) |
−1.0 (30.2) |
−3.8 (25.2) |
−9.6 (14.7) |
−26.5 (−15.7) |
−36.4 (−33.5) |
−46.1 (−51.0) |
−48.3 (−54.9) |
| Record low wind chill | −61 | −54 | −51 | −34 | −16 | −7 | −4 | −6 | −14 | −35 | −51 | −58 | −61 |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 21.5 (0.85) |
12.4 (0.49) |
17.3 (0.68) |
29.8 (1.17) |
47.0 (1.85) |
74.7 (2.94) |
87.2 (3.43) |
52.6 (2.07) |
34.7 (1.37) |
22.3 (0.88) |
20.0 (0.79) |
14.6 (0.57) |
434.1 (17.09) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 1.4 (0.06) |
0.5 (0.02) |
0.9 (0.04) |
14.9 (0.59) |
42.9 (1.69) |
72.7 (2.86) |
95.6 (3.76) |
54.9 (2.16) |
40.3 (1.59) |
12.6 (0.50) |
1.6 (0.06) |
0.8 (0.03) |
339.1 (13.36) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | 21.7 (8.5) |
13.4 (5.3) |
17.5 (6.9) |
14.4 (5.7) |
6.5 (2.6) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.1 (0.0) |
1.1 (0.4) |
10.4 (4.1) |
17.3 (6.8) |
15.9 (6.3) |
118.3 (46.6) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 10.9 | 8.2 | 9.8 | 8.9 | 11.4 | 14.7 | 16.2 | 12.1 | 10.5 | 10.2 | 10.1 | 9.8 | 132.8 |
| Average rainy days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 1.1 | 0.6 | 1.3 | 5.3 | 10.7 | 13.8 | 14.7 | 11.7 | 9.7 | 5.7 | 1.6 | 0.67 | 76.87 |
| Average snowy days (≥ 0.2 cm) | 9.9 | 8.3 | 8.4 | 4.1 | 1.6 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.03 | 0.5 | 3.3 | 7.8 | 9.3 | 53.23 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 68.0 | 65.8 | 62.4 | 45.3 | 41.2 | 49.4 | 54.3 | 52.4 | 49.0 | 51.7 | 67.4 | 68.8 | 56.3 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 101.1 | 127.0 | 174.7 | 233.3 | 271.0 | 275.9 | 302.2 | 279.4 | 196.1 | 160.4 | 97.2 | 92.0 | 2,310.3 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 40.1 | 45.9 | 47.6 | 55.7 | 55.1 | 54.4 | 59.3 | 61.0 | 51.3 | 48.7 | 37.3 | 39.0 | 49.6 |
| Source: Environment Canada[35](rain/rain days, snow/snow days, humidex, wind chill, humidity 1981–2010)[36] | |||||||||||||
| Climate data for Woodbend (Devon-Edmonton, Devonian Botanic Garden), Climate ID: 3012230; coordinates 53°25′N 113°45′W / 53.417°N 113.750°W; elevation: 670.6 m (2,200 ft); 1981–2010 normals, extremes 1973–2007 | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 13.0 (55.4) |
16.0 (60.8) |
24.0 (75.2) |
30.6 (87.1) |
33.5 (92.3) |
35.0 (95.0) |
35.5 (95.9) |
35.0 (95.0) |
35.0 (95.0) |
30.5 (86.9) |
20.0 (68.0) |
15.0 (59.0) |
35.5 (95.9) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −5.4 (22.3) |
−2.4 (27.7) |
2.9 (37.2) |
11.8 (53.2) |
18.1 (64.6) |
21.3 (70.3) |
23.5 (74.3) |
22.4 (72.3) |
17.2 (63.0) |
10.5 (50.9) |
0.0 (32.0) |
−4.1 (24.6) |
9.7 (49.4) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −11.1 (12.0) |
−8.6 (16.5) |
−3.3 (26.1) |
4.7 (40.5) |
10.4 (50.7) |
14.1 (57.4) |
16.4 (61.5) |
15.2 (59.4) |
10.1 (50.2) |
4.2 (39.6) |
−4.9 (23.2) |
−9.7 (14.5) |
3.1 (37.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −16.7 (1.9) |
−14.8 (5.4) |
−9.5 (14.9) |
−2.4 (27.7) |
2.7 (36.9) |
6.9 (44.4) |
9.3 (48.7) |
8.0 (46.4) |
2.9 (37.2) |
−2.2 (28.0) |
−9.9 (14.2) |
−15.2 (4.6) |
−3.4 (25.9) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −45.0 (−49.0) |
−45.0 (−49.0) |
−40.0 (−40.0) |
−30.0 (−22.0) |
−10.0 (14.0) |
−2.5 (27.5) |
1.0 (33.8) |
−4.0 (24.8) |
−10.0 (14.0) |
−25.0 (−13.0) |
−35.0 (−31.0) |
−46.0 (−50.8) |
−46.0 (−50.8) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 24.8 (0.98) |
14.3 (0.56) |
22.2 (0.87) |
27.3 (1.07) |
52.3 (2.06) |
84.5 (3.33) |
102.7 (4.04) |
67.0 (2.64) |
49.5 (1.95) |
25.6 (1.01) |
22.5 (0.89) |
15.3 (0.60) |
508 (20) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 1.2 (0.05) |
0.3 (0.01) |
1.5 (0.06) |
16.2 (0.64) |
47.5 (1.87) |
84.5 (3.33) |
102.7 (4.04) |
66.7 (2.63) |
48.6 (1.91) |
14.6 (0.57) |
1.7 (0.07) |
0.7 (0.03) |
386.2 (15.21) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | 23.6 (9.3) |
14.1 (5.6) |
20.6 (8.1) |
11.1 (4.4) |
4.8 (1.9) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.3 (0.1) |
0.9 (0.4) |
11.0 (4.3) |
20.8 (8.2) |
14.5 (5.7) |
121.7 (48) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 9.1 | 6.9 | 7.6 | 7.0 | 10.3 | 14.7 | 15.2 | 12.4 | 10.3 | 7.4 | 8.1 | 7.1 | 116.1 |
| Average rainy days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 0.67 | 0.23 | 1.1 | 4.6 | 10.1 | 14.7 | 15.2 | 12.4 | 10.2 | 5.4 | 1.1 | 0.31 | 76.01 |
| Average snowy days (≥ 0.2 cm) | 8.5 | 6.7 | 6.6 | 2.9 | 0.56 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.04 | 0.26 | 2.4 | 7.1 | 6.9 | 41.96 |
| Source: Environment and Climate Change Canada[37] | |||||||||||||
Old data edit
1971-2000 edit
| Climate data for Namao (CFB Namao) WMO ID: 71121; coordinates 53°40′N 113°28′W / 53.667°N 113.467°W; elevation: 687.9 m (2,257 ft); 1971–2000 normals | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high humidex | 9.8 | 13.0 | 16.1 | 28.9 | 34.9 | 38.4 | 37.8 | 41.5 | 36.2 | 27.8 | 18.9 | 12.8 | 41.5 |
| Record high °C (°F) | 10.0 (50.0) |
13.9 (57.0) |
16.3 (61.3) |
29.6 (85.3) |
31.9 (89.4) |
33.9 (93.0) |
33.9 (93.0) |
33.9 (93.0) |
32.8 (91.0) |
28.4 (83.1) |
18.9 (66.0) |
10.6 (51.1) |
33.9 (93.0) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −7.6 (18.3) |
−5.3 (22.5) |
1.3 (34.3) |
10.6 (51.1) |
17.3 (63.1) |
20.5 (68.9) |
22.2 (72.0) |
21.4 (70.5) |
16.3 (61.3) |
10.5 (50.9) |
−0.6 (30.9) |
−6.2 (20.8) |
8.4 (47.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −12.1 (10.2) |
−10.1 (13.8) |
−3.5 (25.7) |
4.8 (40.6) |
11.1 (52.0) |
14.7 (58.5) |
16.5 (61.7) |
15.6 (60.1) |
10.5 (50.9) |
4.9 (40.8) |
−4.9 (23.2) |
−10.6 (12.9) |
3.1 (37.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −16.6 (2.1) |
−14.8 (5.4) |
−8.2 (17.2) |
−1.1 (30.0) |
4.8 (40.6) |
8.8 (47.8) |
10.8 (51.4) |
9.7 (49.5) |
4.7 (40.5) |
−0.7 (30.7) |
−9.1 (15.6) |
−15.0 (5.0) |
−2.2 (28.0) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −42.2 (−44.0) |
−38.0 (−36.4) |
−35.0 (−31.0) |
−23.3 (−9.9) |
−7.2 (19.0) |
−1.1 (30.0) |
2.8 (37.0) |
−2.0 (28.4) |
−7.8 (18.0) |
−24.5 (−12.1) |
−35.4 (−31.7) |
−39.2 (−38.6) |
−42.2 (−44.0) |
| Record low wind chill | −57.1 | −51.3 | −45.9 | −30.8 | −14.2 | −4.9 | 0.0 | −4.6 | −15.5 | −35.4 | −52.8 | −56.4 | −57.1 |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 19.7 (0.78) |
14.0 (0.55) |
17.3 (0.68) |
20.2 (0.80) |
44.7 (1.76) |
88.6 (3.49) |
95.7 (3.77) |
74.8 (2.94) |
39.6 (1.56) |
16.4 (0.65) |
14.3 (0.56) |
21.0 (0.83) |
466.3 (18.36) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 1.3 (0.05) |
0.5 (0.02) |
1.7 (0.07) |
8.3 (0.33) |
40.9 (1.61) |
88.6 (3.49) |
95.7 (3.77) |
74.7 (2.94) |
37.9 (1.49) |
9.9 (0.39) |
1.8 (0.07) |
1.0 (0.04) |
362.3 (14.26) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | 21.7 (8.5) |
17.2 (6.8) |
17.3 (6.8) |
13.0 (5.1) |
3.6 (1.4) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.2 (0.1) |
1.8 (0.7) |
7.0 (2.8) |
15.4 (6.1) |
23.7 (9.3) |
120.9 (47.6) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 10.2 | 8.4 | 7.8 | 6.7 | 10.4 | 15.1 | 14.3 | 13.1 | 10.0 | 6.6 | 7.8 | 10.2 | 120.4 |
| Average rainy days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 0.76 | 0.76 | 1.1 | 4.2 | 10.0 | 15.1 | 14.3 | 13.1 | 9.6 | 4.5 | 1.5 | 1.0 | 76.0 |
| Average snowy days (≥ 0.2 cm) | 10.3 | 8.4 | 7.1 | 3.8 | 0.84 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.08 | 0.92 | 2.9 | 7.1 | 10.2 | 51.7 |
| Average relative humidity (%) (at 1500) | 68.0 | 64.6 | 61.4 | 45.5 | 41.1 | 49.3 | 54.6 | 54.5 | 53.3 | 50.2 | 66.8 | 70.3 | 56.6 |
| Source: Environment and Climate Change Canada[38] | |||||||||||||
1961-1990 edit
| Climate data for Edmonton (Edmonton City Centre Airport). Climate ID: 3012208; coordinates 53°34′24″N 113°31′06″W / 53.57333°N 113.51833°W; elevation: 670.6 m (2,200 ft); 1961–1990 normals, extremes 1937-1990 | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 11.7 (53.1) |
13.9 (57.0) |
20.6 (69.1) |
31.1 (88.0) |
32.3 (90.1) |
34.4 (93.9) |
34.4 (93.9) |
33.5 (92.3) |
33.9 (93.0) |
28.6 (83.5) |
21.7 (71.1) |
28.1 (82.6) |
34.4 (93.9) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −8.2 (17.2) |
−4.2 (24.4) |
1.1 (34.0) |
10.5 (50.9) |
17.5 (63.5) |
21.3 (70.3) |
23.0 (73.4) |
22.1 (71.8) |
16.6 (61.9) |
11.3 (52.3) |
−0.1 (31.8) |
−6.3 (20.7) |
8.7 (47.7) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −12.5 (9.5) |
−8.9 (16.0) |
−3.6 (25.5) |
4.9 (40.8) |
11.6 (52.9) |
15.6 (60.1) |
17.5 (63.5) |
16.6 (61.9) |
11.1 (52.0) |
5.9 (42.6) |
−4.2 (24.4) |
−10.5 (13.1) |
3.6 (38.5) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −17.0 (1.4) |
−13.7 (7.3) |
−8.4 (16.9) |
−0.7 (30.7) |
5.7 (42.3) |
9.9 (49.8) |
12.0 (53.6) |
11.0 (51.8) |
5.6 (42.1) |
0.6 (33.1) |
−8.4 (16.9) |
−14.8 (5.4) |
−1.5 (29.3) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −44.4 (−47.9) |
−46.1 (−51.0) |
−36.1 (−33.0) |
−25.6 (−14.1) |
−12.2 (10.0) |
−1.1 (30.0) |
0.6 (33.1) |
0.6 (33.1) |
−11.7 (10.9) |
−25.0 (−13.0) |
−34.1 (−29.4) |
−48.3 (−54.9) |
−48.3 (−54.9) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 23.3 (0.92) |
16.8 (0.66) |
17.0 (0.67) |
22.1 (0.87) |
43.5 (1.71) |
79.9 (3.15) |
94.3 (3.71) |
67.0 (2.64) |
41.6 (1.64) |
17.3 (0.68) |
16.1 (0.63) |
22.2 (0.87) |
461.1 (18.15) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 2.0 (0.08) |
0.8 (0.03) |
2.0 (0.08) |
9.9 (0.39) |
40.5 (1.59) |
79.8 (3.14) |
94.3 (3.71) |
67.0 (2.64) |
39.9 (1.57) |
10.0 (0.39) |
2.2 (0.09) |
0.9 (0.04) |
349.3 (13.75) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | 25.6 (10.1) |
19.6 (7.7) |
17.7 (7.0) |
12.8 (5.0) |
2.8 (1.1) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
1.9 (0.7) |
7.4 (2.9) |
16.3 (6.4) |
25.5 (10.0) |
129.6 (50.9) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 12 | 9 | 9 | 7 | 10 | 13 | 13 | 12 | 10 | 6 | 9 | 11 | 121 |
| Average rainy days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 1 | trace | 1 | 4 | 10 | 13 | 13 | 12 | 9 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 70 |
| Average snowy days (≥ 0.2 cm) | 12 | 9 | 9 | 4 | trace | trace | 0 | 0 | trace | 2 | 8 | 11 | 55 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 73 | 72 | 71 | 58 | 53 | 60 | 66 | 68 | 69 | 64 | 74 | 75 | 67 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 95.3 | 116.6 | 170.0 | 238.9 | 278.7 | 283.3 | 305.8 | 280.9 | 184.2 | 164.5 | 101.1 | 77.6 | 2,296.9 |
| Mean daily sunshine hours | 3.1 | 4.1 | 5.5 | 8.0 | 9.0 | 9.4 | 9.9 | 9.1 | 6.1 | 5.3 | 3.4 | 2.5 | 6.3 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 38 | 42 | 46 | 57 | 57 | 56 | 60 | 61 | 48 | 50 | 39 | 33 | 49 |
| Source: Environment and Climate Change Canada[39] | |||||||||||||
| Climate data for Leduc-Edmonton (Edmonton International Airport) WMO ID: 71123; coordinates 53°19′N 113°35′W / 53.317°N 113.583°W; elevation: 723.3 m (2,373 ft); 1961–1990 normals, extremes 1959-1990[a] | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 9.6 (49.3) |
12.2 (54.0) |
17.2 (63.0) |
30.5 (86.9) |
32.8 (91.0) |
34.4 (93.9) |
35.0 (95.0) |
33.3 (91.9) |
34.9 (94.8) |
29.1 (84.4) |
18.3 (64.9) |
10.6 (51.1) |
35.0 (95.0) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −8.7 (16.3) |
−5.1 (22.8) |
0.1 (32.2) |
9.9 (49.8) |
17.4 (63.3) |
20.9 (69.6) |
22.5 (72.5) |
21.8 (71.2) |
16.6 (61.9) |
11.3 (52.3) |
−0.4 (31.3) |
−6.9 (19.6) |
8.3 (46.9) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −14.2 (6.4) |
−10.8 (12.6) |
−5.4 (22.3) |
3.7 (38.7) |
10.3 (50.5) |
14.2 (57.6) |
16.0 (60.8) |
15.0 (59.0) |
9.9 (49.8) |
4.6 (40.3) |
−5.7 (21.7) |
−12.2 (10.0) |
2.1 (35.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −19.8 (−3.6) |
−16.7 (1.9) |
−11.1 (12.0) |
−2.7 (27.1) |
3.2 (37.8) |
7.4 (45.3) |
9.4 (48.9) |
8.2 (46.8) |
3.2 (37.8) |
−2.2 (28.0) |
−11.1 (12.0) |
−17.7 (0.1) |
−4.2 (24.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −48.3 (−54.9) |
−43.3 (−45.9) |
−42.2 (−44.0) |
−28.3 (−18.9) |
−11.1 (12.0) |
−6.1 (21.0) |
0.0 (32.0) |
−1.4 (29.5) |
−9.6 (14.7) |
−26.5 (−15.7) |
−35.6 (−32.1) |
−44.5 (−48.1) |
−48.3 (−54.9) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 22.9 (0.90) |
15.5 (0.61) |
15.9 (0.63) |
21.8 (0.86) |
42.8 (1.69) |
76.1 (3.00) |
101.0 (3.98) |
69.5 (2.74) |
47.5 (1.87) |
17.7 (0.70) |
16.0 (0.63) |
19.2 (0.76) |
465.9 (18.37) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 2.0 (0.08) |
0.5 (0.02) |
1.4 (0.06) |
10.3 (0.41) |
39.1 (1.54) |
76.1 (3.00) |
101.0 (3.98) |
69.5 (2.74) |
44.9 (1.77) |
10.2 (0.40) |
1.9 (0.07) |
0.9 (0.04) |
357.8 (14.11) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | 25.7 (10.1) |
18.5 (7.3) |
17.7 (7.0) |
12.2 (4.8) |
3.6 (1.4) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
2.5 (1.0) |
7.8 (3.1) |
16.7 (6.6) |
22.4 (8.8) |
127.1 (50.1) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 11 | 9 | 10 | 7 | 10 | 13 | 14 | 12 | 10 | 6 | 9 | 11 | 122 |
| Average rainy days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 1 | trace | 1 | 4 | 10 | 13 | 14 | 12 | 10 | 5 | 1 | trace | 71 |
| Average snowy days (≥ 0.2 cm) | 11 | 9 | 9 | 5 | trace | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 8 | 10 | 55 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 73 | 73 | 74 | 64 | 57 | 65 | 73 | 74 | 73 | 69 | 76 | 74 | 70 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 98.6 | 118.5 | 168.1 | 237.1 | 278.6 | 286.4 | 307.8 | 280.5 | 186.1 | 164.0 | 98.5 | 79.2 | 2,303.4 |
| Mean daily sunshine hours | 3.2 | 4.2 | 5.4 | 7.9 | 9.0 | 9.5 | 9.9 | 9.0 | 6.2 | 5.3 | 3.3 | 2.6 | 6.3 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 39 | 43 | 46 | 57 | 57 | 57 | 60 | 61 | 49 | 50 | 38 | 34 | 49 |
| Source: Environment and Climate Change Canada[40] | |||||||||||||
Climate change edit
By 2018, 73% of the city's residents were concerned about climate change. In the same year the city hosted the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC): Cities and Climate Change Science Conference.[41] Edmonton has been working on the energy efficiency plan for both civilian and business people. David Dodge, co-chair of its energy transition advisory committee, said Edmonton currently emits 20 tonnes of carbon per person. There was also the financing of solar panels.[42] US $ 3.2 billion would be the impact of climate change in Edmonton by 2050, at which point the city will experience approximately sixteen days per year with temperatures exceeding 30°C and an average high of around 35°C, resulting in more heat waves.[43] The annual average temperature of 2.1°C would rise to 5.6°C or up to 8°C by 2080, with no correction according to the Climate Resilient report Edmonton: Adaptation Strategy and Action Plan. Storms, gusts of wind and freezing rain would be more frequent and cause more damage.
Notes edit
- ^ Not located within the City of Edmonton
References edit
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- ^ "Plant Hardiness Zone by Municipality". Natural Resources Canada. Government of Canada. Archived from the original on March 13, 2016. Retrieved March 26, 2016.
- ^ Liz Osborn. "Coldest Canadian Cities in Winter". Current Results Publishing Ltd. Archived from the original on August 5, 2009. Retrieved October 8, 2009.
The cities included in these rankings are Canada's largest metropolitan areas. These are the 33 urban regions that had over 100,000 people according to the 2011 census by Statistics Canada. The temperature data are averages of weather measurements made from 1981 to 2010.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Edmonton City Centre Airport". Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010. Environment Canada. November 25, 2021. Retrieved May 13, 2016.
- ^ Canada, Environment (2013-04-16). "Edmonton South Campus - Weather Trends - Environment Canada". weather.gc.ca. Retrieved 2021-06-30.
- ^ "Climate Data for June 1937 for city of Edmonton". Climate Data Almanac. Environment Canada. February 17, 2016. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved February 17, 2016.
- ^ "Hourly Data Report for July 02, 2013". Environment and Climate Change Canada. Government of Canada. 31 October 2011. Archived from the original on May 10, 2019. Retrieved May 9, 2019.
- ^ Classen, Josh. "Hot, humid and stormy – July 2, 2013". CTV News Edmonton. Archived from the original on February 4, 2016. Retrieved January 30, 2016.
- ^ "January 1886". Climate Data Almanac. Environment Canada. September 22, 2015. Archived from the original on June 10, 2016. Retrieved May 14, 2016.
- ^ Szeto, Kit K. (2008). "Variability of Cold-Season Temperatures in the Mackenzie Basin". Cold Region Atmospheric and Hydrologic Studies. The Mackenzie GEWEX Experience. Springer. pp. 61–82. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-73936-4_4. ISBN 978-3-540-73935-7.
- ^ "Frost Chart for Canada". The Old Farmer's Almanac. September 20, 2010. Archived from the original on October 22, 2010. Retrieved September 20, 2010.
- ^ Walls, Martha (2007). Edmonton Book of Everything. Maclntyre Purcell Publishing Inc. p. 62. ISBN 978-0-9738063-4-2.
- ^ "Advanced options and sun angles". National Research Council Canada. 7 August 2012. Archived from the original on January 21, 2013. Retrieved March 18, 2013.
- ^ "Sunniest Year Round". March 14, 2012. Archived from the original on April 15, 2012. Retrieved June 2, 2016.
- ^ "Daily Data Report for December 2011". Environment Canada. Archived from the original on May 11, 2013. Retrieved September 30, 2012.
- ^ "Daily Data Report for January 2012". Environment Canada. Archived from the original on May 11, 2013. Retrieved September 30, 2012.
- ^ "Daily Data Report for February 2012". Environment Canada. Archived from the original on May 11, 2013. Retrieved September 30, 2012.
- ^ "Daily Data Report for March 2012". Environment Canada. Archived from the original on May 11, 2013. Retrieved September 30, 2012.
- ^ "Atlas of the Edmonton Tornado and Hailstorm, 1987". University of Alberta. Archived from the original on September 27, 2016. Retrieved June 7, 2016.
- ^ "Canadian National Tornado Database: Verified Events (1980–2009) – Public". Environment Canada Data. Archived from the original on December 21, 2016. Retrieved August 6, 2016.
- ^ "Thirty years after deadly Edmonton tornado, storms remain difficult to track". CBC News. Archived from the original on March 7, 2018. Retrieved January 30, 2018.
- ^ Graney, Juris (July 29, 2016). "All We Have Learned: 29 Years After Black Friday, Alberta's Worst Tornado Disaster". Edmonton Journal. Archived from the original on February 1, 2018. Retrieved January 30, 2018.
- ^ "1987 Edmonton tornado". CBC Digital Archives. CBC. May 23, 2013. Archived from the original on October 7, 2014. Retrieved July 19, 2014.
- ^ "Economic Development Edmonton 'Branding Edmonton' Initiative" (Doc). City of Edmonton. March 28, 2003. Archived from the original on February 11, 2015. Retrieved February 10, 2015.
- ^ Elizabeth Withey (July 31, 2007). "Wanted: new slogan for Edmonton". Edmonton Journal. Postmedia Network.
- ^ "The Edmonton Hailstorm of 2004" (PDF). University of Alberta, Meteorological Service of Canada. Archived (PDF) from the original on July 16, 2011. Retrieved April 16, 2011.
- ^ CBC (July 12, 2004). "Adjusters assess storm damage to West Edmonton Mall". CBC News. Archived from the original on March 9, 2007. Retrieved February 27, 2009.
- ^ Powell, J. M. (1978). "Climatic classifications of the Prairie Provinces of Canada" (PDF). Natura Resources Canada. Essays on Meteorology and Climatology. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2019-03-29. Retrieved 2019-07-16.
- ^ Muller, M. J. (2012-12-06). Selected climatic data for a global set of standard stations for vegetation science. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 978-94-009-8040-2.
- ^ Bunce, Christopher Martin (2008). "Risk estimation for railways exposed to landslides". ERA. Retrieved 2019-07-16.
- ^ "Regionalized feasibility study of cold weather earthwork". US Army Corps of Engineers. 1976. hdl:11681/19309.[dead link]
- ^ "Hourly Data Report for July 02, 2013". Historical Climate Data. Environment Canada. Archived from the original on March 5, 2017. Retrieved March 4, 2016.
- ^ "Edmonton Monthly Data Report for 1880". Canadian Climate Data. Environment Canada. September 22, 2015. Archived from the original on June 10, 2016. Retrieved April 16, 2016.
- ^ "Edmonton, Canada – Detailed climate information and monthly weather forecast". Weather Atlas. Archived from the original on July 6, 2019. Retrieved July 6, 2019.
- ^ "Canadian Climate Normals 1991–2020". Environment and Climate Change Canada. Retrieved December 7, 2023.
- ^ "Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010". Environment and Climate Change Canada. Retrieved December 7, 2023.
- ^ "Edmonton Woodbend (3012230) – 1981 to 2010 Canadian Climate Normals". Environment and Climate Change Canada. Retrieved July 16, 2019.
- ^ "Edmonton Namao A (3012210) – 1971 to 2000 Canadian Climate Normals". Environment and Climate Change Canada. Retrieved July 23, 2022.
- ^ "Edmonton (71879) – WMO Weather Station, 1961–1990 normals, extremes 1937-1990". Environment and Climate Change Canada. Retrieved July 23, 2022.
- ^ "Leduc-Edmonton (71123) – WMO Weather Station, 1961–1990 normals, extremes 1959-1990". Environment and Climate Change Canada. Retrieved July 23, 2022.
- ^ Edmonton, City of (2019-07-16). "Climate Change Adaptation and Resilience Strategy". www.edmonton.ca. Archived from the original on 2019-07-16. Retrieved 2019-07-16.
- ^ "Mayors mobilizing on climate change as provinces mull ending programs – Edmonton | Globalnews.ca". globalnews.ca. 2019-04-25. Archived from the original on 2019-07-16. Retrieved 2019-07-16.
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